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The VSC OFF indicator will come on. If the center differential is locked, VSC is automatically turned off.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
CAUTION
■Shifting from 2WD to 4H while driving
Never operate the front wheel drive control switch if the wheels are slipping. Stop the slipping or spinning before shifting.
■When the vehicle is parked
If the shift lever is moved before the 4LO indicator turns on/off, the transfer mode may not be shifted completely. The transfer mode disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain and allows the vehicle to move regardless of the shift position. (At this time, the indicator blinks and the buzzer sounds.) Therefore, the vehicle is free to roll even if the automatic transmission is in P. You or someone else could be seriously injured. You must complete the shifting of the transfer mode before placing transmission in P. (P. 239)
NOTICE
■To prevent damage to the center differential
●For normal driving on dry and hard surface roads, unlock the center differ-
ential.
●Unlock the center differential after the wheels are out of the ditch or off the
loose or bumpy surface.
●Do not push the center differential lock switch when the vehicle is corner-
ing or when its wheels are spinning freely off the ground.
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2-4. Using other driving systems AUTO LSD system
The AUTO LSD system aids traction by using the traction control system to control engine performance and braking when one of the rear wheels begins to spin. The system should be used only when one of the rear wheels spin- ning occurs in a ditch or rough surface. ■ System operation
The system can be used on 2WD models and in 2WD mode on 4WD models. The system is activated when driving at a speed under 62 mph (100 km/h). The AUTO LSD system will be activated with the following two procedures.
Press the VSC OFF switch briefly.
At this time, the AUTO LSD indicator will come on. To turn off the system, push the switch again.
Stop the vehicle completely, and press the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 sec- onds.
At this time, VSC OFF and AUTO LSD indicators will come on simultaneously. To turn off the system, push the switch again.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
When the AUTO LSD system is operating
If the rear wheels spin, the slip indicator flashes to indicate that the AUTO LSD system has con- trolled the spinning of the rear wheels.
■If the engine is turned off and restarted
The AUTO LSD system and the indicators are automatically turned off.
■If the brake system overheats
The AUTO LSD system will cease operation, and the slip indicator will change from flashing to being on continuously to alert the driver. Stop the vehicle in a safe place. (There is no problem with continuing normal driving.) The system will be automatically restored after a short time.
CAUTION
■To avoid an accident
●Do not use the AUTO LSD system in conditions other than the above.
A much greater steering effort and more careful cornering control will be required.
●Do not drive with the AUTO LSD system continuously turned on.
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2-4. Using other driving systems Driving assist systems
To help enhance driving safety and performance, the following sys- tems operate automatically in response to various driving situations. Be aware, however, that these systems are supplementary and should not be relied upon too heavily when operating the vehicle. ■ ABS (Anti-lock Brake System)
Helps to prevent wheel lock when the brakes are applied suddenly, or if the brakes are applied while driving on a slippery road surface.
■ Brake Assist
Generates an increased level of braking force after the brake pedal is depressed, when the system detects a panic stop situation.
■ VSC (Vehicle Stability Control)
Helps the driver to control skidding when swerving suddenly or turning on slippery road surfaces. ■ Trailer Sway Control
Helps the driver to control trailer sway by selectively applying brake pressure for individual wheels and reducing engine torque when trailer sway is detected. Trailer Sway Control is part of the VSC system and will not operate if VSC is turned off or experiences a malfunction.
■ TRAC (Traction Control) for 2WD
Maintains drive power and prevents the rear wheels from spinning when starting the vehicle or accelerating on slippery roads.
■ A-TRAC (Active Traction Control) for 4WD
Maintains drive power and prevents all wheels from spinning when starting the vehicle or accelerating on slippery roads.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
When VSC/Trailer Sway Control/TRAC/A-TRAC are operating
The slip indicator will flash while the VSC/Trailer Sway Con- trol/TRAC/ A-TRAC systems are operating.
To disable VSC, Trailer Sway Control and/or TRAC (2WD models and 2WD mode on 4WD models)
If the vehicle gets stuck in fresh snow or mud, VSC, Trailer Sway Control and/or TRAC may reduce power from the engine to the wheels. You may need to turn the system off to enable you to rock the vehicle in order to free it. ■ TRAC OFF mode
the VSC OFF switch
Press briefly.
indicator will
The AUTO LSD come on. The system is in TRAC off, AUTO LSD on and VSC, Trailer Sway Control on mode. Push the switch again to turn the system back on.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
■ AUTO LSD mode
■ VSC OFF mode
Stop the vehicle completely, and press the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 seconds, when the system is in the TRAC OFF mode.
The VSC OFF and AUTO LSD indicators will come on. The system is in TRAC off, AUTO LSD on and VSC, Trailer Sway Control off mode.
Stop the vehicle completely, and press the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 seconds, when the system is in the AUTO LSD mode.
The VSC OFF and TRAC OFF indicators will come on. The system is all off mode.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
To disable VSC, Trailer Sway Control and/or A-TRAC (4H mode on 4WD models)
If the vehicle gets stuck in fresh snow or mud, VSC, Trailer Sway Control and/or A-TRAC may reduce power from the engine to the wheels. You may need to turn the system off to enable you to rock the vehicle in order to free it. ■ A-TRAC OFF mode
■ VSC OFF mode
the VSC OFF switch
Press briefly.
The TRAC OFF indicator will come on. The system is in A-TRAC off and VSC, Trailer Sway Control on mode. This mode can be used when the transfer mode is 4H mode and the center differential is unlocked. Push the switch again to turn the system back on.
Stop the vehicle completely, and press the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 seconds.
The VSC OFF and TRAC OFF indicators will come on. The system is all off mode.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
To disable A-TRAC (4L mode on 4WD models)
If the vehicle gets stuck in fresh snow or mud, A-TRAC may reduce power from the engine to the wheels. You may need to turn the sys- tem off to enable you to rock the vehicle in order to free it.
Stop the vehicle completely, and press the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 seconds.
The TRAC OFF indicator will come on. The system is in all off mode. Push the switch again to turn the system back on.
■Automatic reactivation of TRAC, A-TRAC, VSC and Trailer Sway Con-
trol Turning the engine switch off after turning off the TRAC, A-TRAC, VSC and Trailer Sway Control systems will automatically re-enable them.
■Automatic A-TRAC reactivation (A-TRAC OFF mode)
With A-TRAC OFF mode, TRAC OFF indicator turn on. The A-TRAC system will turn on when the vehicle speed increases.
■When the TRAC OFF indicator comes on even if the VSC OFF switch
has not been pressed TRAC cannot be operated. Contact your Toyota dealer.
■Sounds and vibrations caused by the ABS, TRAC, A-TRAC, VSC,
Trailer Sway Control and brake assist system ●A sound may be heard from the engine compartment when the engine is started and just after the vehicle begins to move. This sound does not indicate that a malfunction has occurred in any of these systems.
●Any of the following conditions may occur when the above systems are
operating. None of these indicates that a malfunction has occurred. • Vibrations may be felt through the vehicle body and steering. • A motor sound may be heard after the vehicle comes to a stop. • The brake pedal may pulsate slightly after the ABS is activated. • The brake pedal may move down slightly after the ABS is activated.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
■If the brake system overheats
TRAC or A-TRAC will cease operation, and the slip indicator will change from flashing to being on continuously to alert the driver. Stop the vehicle in a safe place. (There is no problem with continuing normal driving.)
■Shifting to 4L position
The VSC OFF indicator will come on. If the center differential is locked, VSC and Trailer Sway Control are auto- matically turned off.
■Power steering system operation sound
When you turn the engine switch to ON after the battery has been discon- nected and reconnected, a sound may be heard from the engine compart- ment. This does not indicate a malfunction.
CAUTION
Any of the following conditions may result in an accident which could cause death or serious injury. ■The ABS does not operate effectively when
●The limits of tire gripping performance have been exceeded (such as
excessively worn tires on a snow covered road).
●The vehicle hydroplanes while driving at high speed on the wet or slick
road.
■Stopping distance when the ABS is operating may exceed that of nor-
mal conditions The ABS is not designed to shorten the vehicle’s stopping distance. Always maintain a safe distance from the vehicle in front of you, especially in the fol- lowing situations. ●When driving on dirt, gravel or snow-covered roads ●When driving with tire chains ●When driving over bumps in the road ●When driving over roads with potholes or roads with uneven roads
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2-4. Using other driving systems
CAUTION
■When VSC and Trailer Sway Control are activated
The slip indicator flashes. Always drive carefully. Reckless driving may cause an accident. Exercise particular care when the indicator flashes.
■TRAC or A-TRAC may not operate effectively when
Directional control and power may not be achievable while driving on slip- pery road surfaces, even if TRAC or A-TRAC is operating. Do not drive the vehicle in conditions where stability and power may be lost.
■Replacing tires
Make sure that all tires are of the same size, brand, tread pattern and total load capacity. In addition, make sure that the tires are inflated to the appro- priate tire pressure level. The ABS, VSC and Trailer Sway Control will not function correctly if different tires are fitted on the vehicle. Contact your Toyota dealer for further information when replacing tires or wheels.
■Handling of tires and suspension
Using tires with any kind of problem or modifying the suspension will affect the driving assist systems, and may cause the system to malfunction.
■Trailer Sway Control precaution
The Trailer Sway Control system is not able to reduce trailer sway in all situ- ations. Depending on many factors such as the conditions of the vehicle, trailer, road surface, and driving environment, the Trailer Sway Control sys- tem may not be effective. Refer to your trailer owner’s manual for information on how to tow your trailer properly.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
CAUTION
■If trailer sway occurs
Observe the following precautions. Failing to do so may cause death or serious injury. ●Firmly grip the steering wheel. Steer straight ahead.
Do not try to control trailer swaying by turning the steering wheel.
●Begin releasing the accelerator pedal immediately but very gradually to
reduce speed. Do not increase speed. Do not apply vehicle brakes.
If you make no extreme correction with the steering or brakes, your vehicle and trailer should stabilize. (P. 286)
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2-5. Driving information Off-road precautions
This vehicle belongs to the utility vehicle class, which has higher ground clearance and narrower tread in relation to the height of its center of gravity to make it capable of performing in a wide variety of off-road applications.
Off-road vehicle feature
● Specific design characteristics give it a higher center of gravity than ordinary passenger cars. This vehicle design feature causes this type of vehicle to be more likely to rollover. And, utility vehicles have a significantly higher rollover rate than other types of vehi- cles.
● An advantage of the higher ground clearance is a better view of the
road allowing you to anticipate problems.
● It is not designed for cornering at the same speeds as ordinary passenger cars any more than low-slung sports cars designed to perform satisfactorily under off-road conditions. Therefore, sharp turns at excessive speeds may cause rollover.
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Off-road vehicle precautions
Always observe the following precautions to minimize the risk of serious per- sonal injury or damage to your vehicle: ●In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. Therefore, the driver and all passengers should always fasten their seat belts.
●Avoid sharp turns or abrupt maneuvers, if at all possible.
Failure to operate this vehicle correctly may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury.
●Loading cargo on the roof luggage carrier will make the center of the vehi- cle gravity higher. Avoid high speeds, sudden starts, sharp turns, sudden braking or abrupt maneuvers, otherwise it may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover due to failure to operate this vehicle correctly.
●Always slow down in gusty crosswinds. Because of its profile and higher center of gravity, your vehicle is more sensitive to side winds than an ordi- nary passenger car. Slowing down will allow you to have better control.
●When driving off-road or in rugged terrain, do not drive at excessive speeds, jump, make sharp turns, strike objects, etc. This may cause loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury. You are also risking expensive damage to your vehicle’s suspension and chassis.
●Do not drive horizontally across steep slopes. Driving straight up or straight down is preferred. Your vehicle (or any similar off-road vehicle) can tip over sideways much more easily than forward or backward.
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2-5. Driving information
Off-road driving
When driving your vehicle off-road, please observe the following pre- cautions to ensure your driving enjoyment and to help prevent the closure of areas to off-road vehicles. ● Drive your vehicle only in areas where off-road vehicles are permit-
ted to travel.
● Respect private property. Get owner’s permission before entering
private property.
● Do not enter areas that are closed. Honor gates, barriers and signs
that restrict travel.
● Stay on established roads. When conditions are wet, driving tech- niques should be changed or travel delayed to prevent damage to roads.
■Additional information for off-road driving
For owners in U.S. mainland, Hawaii and Puerto Rico:
To obtain additional information pertaining to driving your vehicle off-road, consult the following organizations. ●State and Local Parks and Recreation Departments ●State Motor Vehicle Bureau ●Recreational Vehicle Clubs ●U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Off-road driving precautions
Always observe the following precautions to minimize the risk of serious per- sonal injury or damage to your vehicle: ●Drive carefully when off the road. Do not take unnecessary risks by driving
in dangerous places.
●Do not grip the steering wheel spokes when driving off-road. A bad bump could jerk the wheel and injure your hands. Keep both hands and espe- cially your thumbs on the outside of the rim.
●Always check your brakes for effectiveness immediately after driving in
sand, mud, water or snow.
●After driving through tall grass, mud, rock, sand, rivers, etc., check that there is no grass, bush, paper, rags, stone, sand, etc. adhering or trapped on the underbody. Clear off any such matter from the underbody. If the vehicle is used with these materials trapped or adhering to the underbody, a breakdown or fire could occur.
●In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. Therefore, the driver and all passengers should fasten their seat belts whenever the vehicle is moving.
●When driving off-road or in rugged terrain, do not drive at excessive speeds, jump, make sharp turns, strike objects, etc. This may cause loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury. You are also risking expensive damage to your vehicle’s suspension and chassis.
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2-5. Driving information
NOTICE
■To prevent the water damage
●Take all necessary safety measures to ensure that water damage to the
engine or other components does not occur.
●Water entering the engine air intake will cause severe engine damage. ●Water entering the automatic transmission will cause deterioration in shift quality, locking up of your transmission accompanied by vibration, and ulti- mately damage.
●Water can wash the grease from wheel bearings, causing rusting and pre- mature failure, and may also enter the differentials, transmission and transfer case, reducing the gear oil’s lubricating qualities.
■When you drive through water
If driving through water, such as when crossing shallow streams, first check the depth of the water and the bottom of the river bed for firmness. Drive slowly and avoid deep water.
■Inspection after off-road driving
●Sand and mud that has accumulated in brake drums and around brake discs may affect braking efficiency and may damage brake system compo- nents.
●Always perform a maintenance inspection after each day of off-road driv- ing that has taken you through rough terrain, sand, mud, or water. For scheduled maintenance information, refer to the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.
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2-5. Driving information Cargo and luggage
Take notice of the following information about storage precau- tions, cargo capacity and load. ● Stow cargo and luggage in the luggage compartment whenever
possible.
● Be sure all items are secured in place. ● Be careful to keep the vehicle level. Placing the weight as far for-
ward as possible helps maintain vehicle balance.
● For better fuel economy, do not carry unnecessary weight.
Capacity and distribution
Cargo capacity depends on the total weight of the occupants. (Cargo capacity) = (Total load capacity) (Total weight of occupants) Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit— (1)Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on your vehicle’s placard.
(2)Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that
will be riding in your vehicle.
(3)Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from
XXX kg or XXX lbs.
(4)The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and lug-
gage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400 750 (5 150) = 650 lbs.)
(5)Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.
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2-5. Driving information
(6)If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.
Calculation formula for your vehicle
Cargo capacity Total load capacity (vehicle capacity weight) (P. 513)
When 2 people with the combined weight of A lb. (kg) are riding in your vehicle, which has a total load capacity (vehicle capacity weight) of B lb. (kg), the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity will be C lb. (kg) as follows: B*2 lb. (kg) A*1 lb. (kg) = C*3 lb. (kg) *1: A = Weight of people *2: B = Total load capacity *3: C = Available cargo and luggage load
In this condition, if 3 more passengers with the combined weight of D lb. (kg) get on, the available cargo and luggage load will be reduced E lb. (kg) as follows:
C lb. (kg) D*4 lb. (kg) = E*5 lb. (kg) *4: D = Additional weight of people *5: E = Available cargo and luggage load
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2-5. Driving information
As shown in the above example, if the number of occupants increases, the cargo and luggage load will be reduced by an amount that equals the increased weight due to the additional occupants. In other words, if an increase in the number of occupants causes an excess of the total load capacity (combined weight of occupants plus cargo and luggage load), you must reduce the cargo and luggage on your vehicle.
CAUTION
■Things that must not be carried in the luggage compartment
The following things may cause a fire if loaded in the luggage compart- ment. ●Receptacles containing gasoline ●Aerosol cans
■Storage precautions
Observe the following precautions. Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury. ●Do not stack anything in the luggage compartment higher than the
seatbacks. Such items may be thrown about and possibly injure people in the vehicle during sudden braking or in an accident.
●Do not place cargo or luggage in or on the following locations as the item may get under the brake or accelerator pedal and prevent the pedals from being depressed properly, block the driver’s vision, or hit the driver or pas- sengers, causing an accident. • Driver’s feet • Front passenger or rear seats (when stacking items) • Instrument panel • Dashboard • Auxiliary box or tray that has no lid
●Secure all items in the occupant compartment, as they may shift and injure someone during sudden braking, sudden swerving or an acci- dent.
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Storage precautions
●Never allow anyone to ride in the luggage compartment. It is not designed for passengers. They should ride in their seats with their seat belts properly fastened. Otherwise, they are much more likely to suffer death or serious bodily injury, in the event of sudden braking, sudden swerving or an accident. ■Capacity and distribution
●Do not exceed the maximum axle weight rating or the total vehicle
weight rating.
●Even if the total load of occupant’s weight and the cargo load is less than the total load capacity, do not apply the load unevenly. Improper loading may cause deterioration of steering or braking control which may cause death or serious injury. ■Roof luggage carrier precautions
To use the roof rails as a roof luggage carrier, you must fit the roof rails with two or more genuine Toyota cross rails or their equivalent. When you load cargo on the roof luggage carrier, observe the following:
●Place the cargo so that its weight is distributed evenly between the front and rear axles.
●If loading long or wide cargo never exceed the vehicle overall length or width. (P. 512)
●Before driving, make sure the cargo is securely fastened on the roof
luggage carrier.
●Loading cargo on the roof luggage carrier will make the center of the vehicle gravity higher. Avoid high speeds, sudden starts, sharp turns, sudden braking or abrupt maneuvers, otherwise it may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover due to failure to operate this vehicle correctly and result in death or serious injury.
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Roof luggage carrier precautions
●If driving for a long distance, on rough roads, or at high speeds, stop the vehicle now and then during the trip to make sure the cargo remains in its place.
●Do not exceed 150 lb. (68 kg) cargo weight on the roof luggage carrier.
■Cross rail adjustment
Make sure the cross rails are locked securely by pushing forward and rear- ward them. Failure to do so may cause an unexpected accident or severe injury in the event of emergency braking or a collision.
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2-5. Driving information Vehicle load limits
Vehicle load limits include total load capacity, seating capacity, TWR (Trailer Weight Rating) and cargo capacity. ■ Total load capacity (vehicle capacity weight): (P. 513)
Total load capacity means the combined weight of occupants, cargo and luggage. ■ Seating capacity:
With separated type second seat— 7 occupants (Front 2, Rear 5) With bench type second seat— 8 occupants (Front 2, Rear 6) Seating capacity means the maximum number of occupants whose estimated average weight is 150 lb. (68 kg) per person. Even if the number of occupants are within the seating capacity, do not exceed the total load capacity.
■ TWR (Trailer Weight Rating): (P. 275, 513)
TWR means the maximum gross trailer weight (trailer weight plus its cargo weight) that your vehicle is able to tow.
■ Cargo capacity
Cargo capacity may increase or decrease depending on the weight and the number of occupants.
■Total load capacity and seating capacity
These details are also described on the tire and loading information label. (P. 423)
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Overloading the vehicle
Do not overload the vehicle. It may not only cause damage to the tires, but also degrade steering and braking ability, resulting in an accident.
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2-5. Driving information Winter driving tips
Carry out the necessary preparations and inspections before driving the vehicle in winter. Always drive the vehicle in a manner appropri- ate to the prevailing weather conditions. ■ Pre-winter preparations
● Use fluids that are appropriate to the prevailing outside tem-
peratures. • Engine oil • Engine coolant • Washer fluid
● Have a service technician inspect the level and specific grav-
ity of battery electrolyte.
● Have the vehicle fitted with four snow tires or purchase a set
of tire chains for the rear tires. Ensure that all tires are the same size and brand, and that chains match the size of the tires. ■ Before driving the vehicle
Perform the following according to the driving conditions. ● Do not try to forcibly open a window, scrape an outside rear view mirror surface or move a wiper or outside rear view mir- ror that is frozen. Pour warm water over the frozen area to melt the ice. Wipe away the water immediately to prevent it from freezing.
● To ensure proper operation of the climate control system fan, remove any snow that has accumulated on the air inlet vents in front of the windshield.
● Remove any ice that has accumulated on the vehicle chassis. ● Periodically check for and remove any excess ice or snow that may have accumulated in the wheel well or on the brakes.
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2-5. Driving information
■ When driving the vehicle
Accelerate the vehicle slowly and drive at a reduced speed suit- able to road conditions.
■ When parking the vehicle
Park the vehicle and move the shift lever to P without setting the parking brake. The parking brake may freeze up, preventing it from being released. If necessary, block the wheels to prevent inadvertent sliding or creeping. ■ Refueling (Flex-fuel vehicles)
Observe the following precautions when switching fuels, in order to maintain starting and driving performance. ● Do not change fuels when the fuel level is 1/4 or less. ● Always add at least 2.6 gal. (10 L) of fuel. ● After fulling up with fuel, warm up the engine or drive the vehi-
cle for at least 5 minutes or 7 miles (11 km).
● Do not accelerate rapidly immediately after refueling.
Selecting tire chains
Use the correct tire chain size when mounting the snow chains. Chain size is regulated for each tire size.
Side chain 0.2 in. (5 mm) in diameter Cross chain 0.25 in. (6.3 mm) in diameter
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2-5. Driving information
Regulations on the use of snow chains
● Regulations regarding the use of tire chains vary according to loca- tion and type of road. Always check local regulations before install- ing chains.
● Install the chains on the rear tires. ● Retighten the chains after driving 1/4 - 1/2 mile (0.5 - 1.0 km).
■Snow chain installation
Observe the following precautions when installing and removing chains. ●Install and remove tire chains in a safe location. ●Install tire chains on the rear tires only. Do not install tire chains on the
front tires.
●Install tire chains following the instructions provided in the accompanying
instructions.
CAUTION
■Driving with snow tires
Observe the following precautions to reduce the risk of accidents. Failing to do so may result in a loss of vehicle control and cause death or serious injury. ●Use tires of the size specified for your vehicle. ●Maintain the recommended level of air pressure. ●Do not drive in excess of 75 mph (120 km/h) regardless of the type of
snow tires being used.
●Snow tires should be installed on all wheels. ●Do not mix tires of different makes, models, tread patterns or treadwear.
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CAUTION
■Driving with snow chains
Observe the following precautions to reduce the risk of accidents. Failing to do so may result in the vehicle being unable to be driven safely, and may cause death or serious injury. ●Do not drive in excess of the speed limit specified for the tire chains being
used or 30 mph (50 km/h), whichever is lower.
●Avoid driving on bumpy road surfaces or over potholes. ●Avoid sudden turns and braking. ●Slow down sufficiently before entering a curve to ensure that vehicle con-
trol is maintained.
NOTICE
■Repairing or replacing snow tires
Request repairs of and obtain replacement snow tires from Toyota deal- ers or legitimate tire retailers. This is because the removal and attachment of snow tires affects the operation of the tire pressure warning valves and transmitters.
■Fitting tire chains
The tire pressure warning valves and transmitters may not function cor- rectly when tire chains are fitted.
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2-5. Driving information Trailer towing
Your vehicle is designed primarily as a passenger-and-load-carrying vehicle. Towing a trailer can have an adverse impact on handling, performance, braking, durability, and fuel consumption. For your safety and the safety of others, you must not overload your vehicle or trailer. You must also ensure that you are using appropriate tow- ing equipment, that the towing equipment has been installed cor- rectly and used properly, and that you employ the requisite driving habits. Vehicle-trailer stability and braking performance are affected by trailer stability, brake performance and setting, trailer brakes, the hitch and hitch systems (if equipped). To tow a trailer safely, use extreme care and drive the vehicle in accordance with your trailer’s characteristics and operating condi- tions. Toyota warranties do not apply to damage or malfunction caused by towing a trailer for commercial purposes. Contact your Toyota dealer for further information about additional requirements such as towing kits, etc.
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Towing related terms
■ GCWR (Gross Combination Weight Rating)
The maximum allowable gross combination weight. The gross combination weight is the sum of the total vehicle weight (including the occupants, cargo and any optional equipment installed on the vehicle) and the weight of the trailer being towed (including the cargo in the trailer).
■ GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating)
The maximum allowable gross vehicle weight. The gross vehicle weight is the total weight of the vehicle. When towing a trailer, it is the sum of the vehicle weight (including the occupants, cargo and any optional equipment installed on the vehicle) and the tongue weight.
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2-5. Driving information
■ GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating)
Front GAWR
Rear GAWR
The maximum allowable gross axle weight. The gross axle weight is the load placed on each axle (front and rear).
■ TWR (Trailer Weight Rating)
(With brakes)
The maximum allowable gross trailer weight. The gross trailer weight is the sum of the trailer weight and the weight of the cargo in the trailer. TWR is calculated assuming base vehicle with one driver, one front passenger, towing package (if available), hitch and hitch sys- tems (if required).
Additional optional equipment, passengers and cargo in the vehi- cle will reduce the trailer weight rating so as not to exceed GCWR, GVWR and GAWR. If the gross trailer weight exceeds 3000 lb. (1360 kg), it is recom- mended to use a trailer with 2 or more axles.
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2-5. Driving information
■ Unbraked TWR (Unbraked Trailer Weight Rating) (Without brakes)
The trailer weight rating for tow- ing a trailer without a trailer ser- vice brake system.
■ Tongue Weight
The load placed on the trailer hitch ball. (P. 276)
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2-5. Driving information
Weight limits
● The gross trailer weight must never exceed the TWR described in
the table. (P. 275)
● The gross combination weight must never exceed the GCWR
described in the table. (P. 275)
● The gross vehicle weight must never exceed the GVWR indi- cated on the Certification Label.
● The gross axle weight on each axle must never exceed the GAWR indicated on the Certi- fication Label.
● If the gross trailer weight is over the unbraked TWR, trailer service
brakes are required.
● If the gross trailer weight is over 2000 lb. (907 kg), a sway control
device with sufficient capacity is required.
● If the gross trailer weight is over 5000 lb. (2268 kg), a weight dis-
tributing hitch with sufficient capacity is required.
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2-5. Driving information
GCWR, TWR and Unbraked TWR
Confirm that the gross trailer weight, gross combination weight, gross vehicle weight, gross axle weight and tongue weight are all within the limits.
■ GCWR* and TWR* Model code*1
USK60L-GKTSKAEngine
USK60L-GKTLKA
USK60L-GKTZKA
USK65L-GKTSKA
USK65L-GKTLKA
USK65L-GKTZKA
USK65L-GKTSGA
USK65L-GKTLGA
5.7L V8 (3UR-FE) engine
5.7L V8
(3UR-FBE)
engine
Driving system
2WD
4WD
GCWR
TWR
13600 lb. (6169 kg)
13400 lb. (6078 kg) 13600 lb. (6169 kg)
13500 lb. (6124 kg)
13600 lb. (6169 kg)
7400 lb. (3357 kg) 7300 lb. (3311 kg) 7200 lb. (3266 kg) 7100 lb. (3245 kg) 7100 lb. (3230 kg) 7000 lb. (3200 kg)
7100 lb. (3221 kg)
13500 lb. (6124 kg)
USK65L-GKTZGA *1: The model code is indicated on the Certification Label. (P. 514) ■ Unbraked TWR* 1000 lb. (453 kg)
7000 lb. (3175 kg)
*: These models meet the tow-vehicle trailering requirement of SAE
International per SAE J2807.
275
2-5. Driving information
Trailer Tongue Weight
● A recommended tongue weight varies in accordance with the types
of trailers or towing as described below.
● To ensure the recommended values shown below, the trailer must
be loaded by referring to the following instructions. • Tongue Weight
The gross trailer weight should be distributed so that the tongue weight is 9% to 11%. (Tongue weight /Gross trailer weight x 100
= 9% to 11%)Gross trailer weight Tongue weight
If using a weight distributing hitch when towing, return the front axle to the same weight as before the trailer connection. If front axle weight cannot be measured directly, measure the front fender height above the front axle before connection. Adjust weight distributing hitch torque until front fender is returned to the same height as before connection. The gross trailer weight, gross axle weight and tongue weight can be measured with platform scales found at a highway weighing station, building supply company, trucking company, junk yard, etc.
276
2-5. Driving information
Hitch
Trailer hitch assemblies have different weight capacities. Toyota rec- ommends the use of Toyota hitch/bracket for your vehicle. For details, contact your Toyota dealer. ● If you wish to install a trailer hitch, contact your Toyota dealer. ● Use only a hitch that conforms to the gross trailer weight require-
ment of your vehicle.
● Follow the directions supplied by the hitch manufacturer. ● Lubricate the hitch ball with a light coating of grease. ● Remove the trailer hitch whenever you are not towing a trailer. After removing the hitch, seal any mounting hole in the vehicle body to prevent entry of any substances into the vehicle.
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2-5. Driving information
Selecting trailer ball
Use the correct trailer ball for your application.
Trailer ball load rating Matches or exceeds the gross trailer weight rating of the trailer. Ball diameter Matches the size of the trailer coupler. Most couplers are stamped with the required trailer ball size.
Trailer class
Typical trailer ball size
IV
2 5/16 in.
II and III
2 in.
1 7/8 in.
Shank length Protrudes beyond the bottom of the lock washer and nut by at least 2 threads. Shank diameter Matches diameter size.
the ball mount hole
278
Positions for towing hitch receiver
2-5. Driving information
Hitch receiver pin hole posi- tion: 46.2 in. (1172.3 mm)
Connecting trailer lights
Use the wire harness stored in the rear end under the vehicle body.
4 pin connector
4 pin, 7 pin connectors
279
2-5. Driving information
■Service connector for towing brake controller (with towing package)
Your vehicle is equipped with a service connector for the trailer brake controller as shown. Access the service connector.
Remove the scuff plate. Remove the clip (screw type) and trim board.
Connecting and disconnecting a electronically modulated air suspension)
trailer
(vehicles with
If a height control system is installed in your vehicle, you have to con- nect and disconnect your trailer more carefully. ● Connecting
Set the height control of electronically modulated air suspen- sion system to N mode. Turn off the engine, or set the electronically modulated air suspension system to MAN. (manual). Connect the trailer. Turn the engine switch to the START position and start the engine. Press the height control mode select switch to cancel the MAN. (manual) condition that was set on Check that the MAN. indicator turns off. Set the height control of electronically modulated air suspen- sion system to N mode.
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2
2-5. Driving information
● Disconnecting
Set the height control of electronically modulated air suspen- sion system to N mode. Set the electronically modulated air suspension system to MAN. (manual). Turn off the engine. Set the supporting leg of the trailer on the ground and raise the hitch by 4 in. (100 mm). Turn the engine switch to the START position and start the engine. Press the height control mode select switch to cancel the MAN. (manual) condition that was set on . Check that the MAN. indicator turns off. Wait until vehicle height is stabilized. Make sure the hitch is disconnected. If the hitch does not dis- connect, raise the hitch higher and repeat steps 2 through 7. Move the vehicle forward in LO mode where the hitch does not touch anything in N mode. Set the height control of electronically modulated air suspen- sion system to N mode.
281
2-5. Driving information
Trailer towing tips
Your vehicle will handle differently when towing a trailer. Help to avoid an accident, death or serious injury, keep the following in mind when towing: ● Speed limits for towing a trailer vary by state or province. Do not
exceed the posted towing speed limit.
● Toyota recommends that the vehicle-trailer speed limit is 65 mph (104 km/h) on a flat, straight, dry road. Do not exceed this limit, the posted towing speed limit or the speed limit for your trailer as set forth in your trailer owner’s manual, whichever is lowest. Instability of the towing vehicle-trailer combination (trailer sway) increases as speed increases. Exceeding speed limits may cause loss of con- trol.
● Before starting out, check the trailer lights, tires and the vehicle-
trailer connections. Recheck after driving a short distance.
● Practice turning, stopping and reversing with the trailer attached in an area away from traffic until you become accustomed to the feel of the vehicle-trailer combination.
● Reversing with a trailer attached is difficult and requires practice. Grip the bottom of the steering wheel and move your hand to the left to move the trailer to the left. Move your hand to the right to move the trailer to the right. (This is generally opposite to reversing without a trailer attached.) Avoid sharp or prolonged turning. Have someone guide you when reversing to reduce the risk of an acci- dent.
● As stopping distance is increased when towing a trailer, vehicle-to- vehicle distance should be increased. For each 10 mph (16 km/h) of speed, allow at least one vehicle and trailer length.
● Avoid sudden braking as you may skid, resulting in the trailer jack- knifing and loss of vehicle control. This is especially true on wet or slippery surfaces.
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2-5. Driving information
● Avoid jerky starts or sudden acceleration. ● Avoid jerky steering and sharp turns, and slow down before mak-
ing a turn.
● Note that when making a turn, the trailer wheels will be closer than the vehicle wheels to the inside of the turn. Compensate by making a wider than normal turning radius.
● Slow down before making a turn, in crosswinds, on wet or slippery
surfaces, etc. Increasing vehicle speed can destabilize the trailer.
● Take care when passing other vehicles. Passing requires consider- able distance. After passing a vehicle, do not forget the length of your trailer, and be sure you have plenty of room before changing lanes.
● To maintain engine braking efficiency and charging system perfor- mance when using engine braking, do not use the transmission in D. Transmission shift range position must be in 4 in the S mode.
● Instability happens more frequently when descending steep or long downhill grades. Before descending, slow down and downshift. Do not make sudden downshifts while descending steep or long down- hill grades.
● Avoid holding the brake pedal down too long or applying the brakes too frequently. This could cause the brakes to overheat and result in reduced braking efficiency.
● Due to the added load of the trailer, your vehicle’s engine may overheat on hot days (at temperatures over 85°F [30°C]) when driving up a long or steep grade. If the engine coolant temperature gauge indicates overheating, immediately turn off the air condition- ing (if in use), pull your vehicle off the road and stop in a safe spot. (P. 504)
283
2-5. Driving information
● Always place wheel blocks under both the vehicle’s and the trailer’s wheels when parking. Apply the parking brake firmly, and put the transmission in P. Avoid parking on a slope, but if unavoid- able, do so only after performing the following: Apply the brakes and keep them applied. Have someone place wheel blocks under both the vehicle’s and trailer’s wheels. When the wheel blocks are in place, release the brakes slowly until the blocks absorb the load. Apply the parking brake firmly. Shift into P and turn off the engine. ● When restarting after parking on a slope:
With the transmission in P, start the engine. On vehicles with an automatic transmission, be sure to keep the brake pedal pressed. Shift into a forward gear. If reversing, shift into R. Release the parking brake and brake pedal, and slowly pull or back away from the wheel blocks. Stop and apply the brakes. Have someone retrieve the blocks.
284
2-5. Driving information
■Matching trailer ball height to trailer coupler height
No matter which class of tow hitch applies, for a more safe trailer hookup, the trailer ball setup must be the proper height for the coupler on the trailer.
Coupler Trailer ball
■Before towing
Check that the following conditions are met: ●Ensure that your vehicle’s tires are properly inflated. (P. 521) ●Trailer tires are inflated according to the trailer manufacturer’s recom-
mendation.
●All trailer lights work as required by law. ●All lights work each time you connect them. ●The trailer ball is set at the proper height for the coupler on the trailer. ●The trailer is level when it is hitched.
Do not drive if the trailer is not level, and check for improper tongue weight, overloading, worn suspension, or other possible causes.
●The trailer cargo is securely loaded. ●The rear view mirrors conform to all applicable federal, state/provincial or local regulations. If they do not, install rear view mirrors appropriate for towing purposes.
●Depress TOW/HAUL button (if equipped)
■AVS (adaptive variable suspension system) (if equipped)
The suspension can be switched for improvement in driveability. (P. 238)
285
2-5. Driving information
■Break-in schedule
If your vehicle is new or equipped with any new power train components (such as an engine, transmission, differential or wheel bearing), Toyota rec- ommends that you do not tow a trailer until the vehicle has been driven for over 500 miles (800 km). After the vehicle has been driven for over 500 miles (800 km), you can start towing. However, for the next 500 miles (800 km), drive the vehicle at a speed of less than 50 mph (80 km/h) when towing a trailer, and avoid full throttle acceleration.
■Maintenance
●If you tow a trailer, your vehicle will require more frequent maintenance due to the additional load. (See “Owner’s Warranty Information Booklet” or “Scheduled Maintenance Guide/Owner’s Manual Supplement”.)
●Retighten the fixing bolts of the towing ball and bracket after approxi-
mately 600 miles (1000 km) of trailer towing.
■If trailer sway occurs
One or more factors (crosswinds, passing vehicles, rough roads, etc.) can adversely affect handling of your vehicle and trailer, causing instability. ●If trailer swaying occurs:
• Firmly grip the steering wheel. Steer straight ahead.
Do not try to control trailer swaying by turning the steering wheel.
• Begin releasing the accelerator pedal immediately but very gradually to
reduce speed. Do not increase speed. Do not apply vehicle brakes.
If you make no extreme correction with the steering or brakes, your vehicle and trailer should stabilize. (if enabled, Trailer Sway Control can also help to stabilize the vehicle and trailer.) ●After the trailer swaying has stopped:
• Stop in a safe place. Get all occupants out of the vehicle. • Check the tires of the vehicle and the trailer. • Check the load in the trailer.
Make sure the load has not shifted. Make sure the tongue weight is appropriate, if possible.
• Check the load in the vehicle.
Make sure the vehicle is not overloaded after occupants get in.
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2
2-5. Driving information
If you cannot find any problems, the speed at which trailer swaying occurred is beyond the limit of your particular vehicle-trailer combination. Drive at a lower speed to prevent instability. Remember that swaying of the towing vehicle-trailer increases as speed increases.
CAUTION
■Trailer towing precautions
●To tow a trailer safely, use extreme care and drive the vehicle in accor- dance with the trailer’s characteristics and operating conditions. Failure to do so could cause an accident resulting in death or serious injury. Vehicle stability and braking performance are affected by trailer stability, brake set- ting and performance, and the hitch. Your vehicle will handle differently when towing a trailer.
●Vehicles with electronically modulated air suspension: Set the vehicle height to the LO mode and turn off the rear height control air suspension when you connect a trailer, otherwise the vehicle height may change due to the automatic leveling function, and you may catch part of your body in the vehicle, resulting in an accident.
■To avoid accident or injury
●Do not exceed the TWR, unbraked TWR, GCWR, GVWR or GAWR. ●If the gross trailer weight is over 2000 lb. (907 kg), a sway control device
with sufficient capacity is required.
●If the gross trailer weight is over 5000 lb. (2268 kg), a weight distributing
hitch with sufficient capacity is required.
●Adjust the tongue weight within the appropriate range. Place heavier loads
as close to the trailer axle as possible.
●Do not exceed 65 mph (104 km/h), the posted towing speed limit or the speed limit for your trailer as set forth in your trailer owner’s manual, whichever is lowest. Slow down sufficiently before making a turn, in cross- winds, on wet or slippery surface, etc. to help avoid an accident. If you experience a vehicle-trailer instability from reducing a certain speed, slow down and make sure you keep your vehicle speed under the speed of which you experience the instability.
●Do not make jerky, abrupt or sharp turns.
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■To avoid accident or injury
●Do not apply the brakes suddenly as you may skid, resulting in jackknifing and loss of vehicle control. This is especially true on wet or slippery sur- faces.
●Do not exceed the trailer hitch assembly weight, gross vehicle weight,
gross axle weight and trailer tongue weight capacities.
●Do not use cruise control when towing. ●Slow down and downshift before descending steep or long downhill grades. Do not make sudden downshifts while descending steep or long downhill grades.
●Vehicle-trailer instability is more likely on steep long downhills. Before descending steep or long downhill grades, slow down and downshift. Do not make sudden downshifts when descending steep or long downhill grades. Avoid holding the brake pedal down too long or applying the brakes too frequently. This could cause the brakes to overheat and result in reduced braking efficiency.
●Do not tow a trailer when the temporary spare tire is installed on your vehi-
cle. ■Hitch
Trailer hitch assemblies have different weight capacities established by the hitch manufacturer. Even though the vehicle may be physically capable of towing a higher weight, the operator must determine the maximum weight rating of the particular hitch assembly and never exceed the maximum weight rating specified for the trailer-hitch. Exceeding the maximum weight rating set by the trailer-hitch manufacturer can cause an accident resulting in death or serious personal injuries.
■When towing a trailer
Toyota recommends trailers with brakes that conform to any applicable fed- eral and state/provincial regulations. ●If the gross trailer weight exceeds unbraked TWR, trailer brakes are required. Toyota recommends trailers with brakes that conform to all appli- cable federal and state/provincial regulations.
●Never tap into your vehicle’s hydraulic system, as this will lower the vehi-
cle’s braking effectiveness.
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■When towing a trailer
●Never tow a trailer without using a safety chain securely attached to both the trailer and the vehicle. If damage occurs to the coupling unit or hitch ball, there is danger of the trailer wandering into another lane.
NOTICE
■When installing a trailer hitch
Use only the position recommended by your Toyota dealer. Do not install the trailer hitch on the bumper; this may cause body damage.
■Do not directly splice trailer lights
Do not directly splice trailer lights. Directly splicing trailer lights may damage your vehicle’s electrical system and cause a malfunction.
289
2-5. Driving information Dinghy towing
Your vehicle is not designed to be dinghy towed (with 4 wheels on the ground) behind a motor home.
NOTICE
■To avoid serious damage to your vehicle
Do not tow your vehicle with four wheels on the ground.
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2-5. Driving information
291
Interior features
3-1. Using the air conditioning
system and defogger Front air conditioning system ........................... 294
Rear air conditioning system ........................... 303
Rear window and outside rear view mirror defoggers ............ 307
Windshield wiper de-icer............................ 3093-2. Using the multimedia system
Multimedia system types .............................. 310
USB port/AUX port........... 311
Using the AUX port .......... 3123-3. Using the interior lights
Interior lights list ............... 313
• Personal/interior light main switch .................... 314
• Personal/interior lights ... 315
• Interior light .................... 316292
Interior features
3-4. Using the storage features
List of storage features .... 317
• Glove boxes................... 318
• Coin holder .................... 319
• Front console box .......... 320
• Card holder .................... 323
• Map holder..................... 324
• Pen holder ..................... 326
• Tissue pocket................. 327
• Rear console box........... 328
• Overhead console.......... 331
• Cup holders ................... 333
• Bottle holders................. 337
• Auxiliary boxes............... 3383-5. Using the other interior features Sun visors ........................ 340
Vanity mirrors................... 341
Clock ................................ 342
Outside temperature display............................ 343
Portable ashtray............... 345
Cigarette lighter................ 346
Conversation mirror ......... 347
Power outlets ................... 348
Seat heaters..................... 354
Seat heaters and ventilators ...................... 357
Armrests........................... 359
Rear side sunshades ....... 360
Assist grips....................... 362
Floor mat.......................... 363
Luggage compartment features.......................... 365
Garage door opener......... 370
Compass.......................... 376293
3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger Front air conditioning system
Airflow and outlets are automatically adjusted according to the tem- perature setting. Control panel
Windshield defogger
Driver’s side temperature control dial
Air conditioning ON/OFF switch Automatic mode
Fan speed control dial
Fan OFF switch
Outside air or recirculated air mode
Temperature control for rear passengers
Air outlet selection dial
Front passenger’s side temperature control dial
Simultaneous mode
Rear air conditioning ON/OFF switch
294
3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger
Display
Fan speed display Airflow display
Front passenger’s side temperature setting display
Driver’s side temperature setting display
Temperature setting display for rear passengers
Using the automatic mode
Press The air conditioning system will begin to operate. Air outlets and fan speed are automatically adjusted according to the temperature set- ting. Turn the temperature control dial clockwise (warm) or coun- terclockwise (cool). The temperature for the driver and passenger seat can be set sepa- rately.
■ Automatic mode indicator
If the fan speed setting or air flow modes are operated, the auto- matic mode indicator goes off. However, automatic mode for func- tions other than that operated are maintained.
295
3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger
Adjusting the settings
■ Adjusting the temperature setting
Turn the temperature control dial clockwise (warm) or counter- clockwise (cool). The air conditioning system switches between individual and
simultaneous modes each time
is pressed.
● Simultaneous mode (the indicator on
is on)
The driver’s side temperature control dial can be used to adjust the temperature for all seats.
● Individual mode (the indicator on
is off)
The temperature for the driver’s, front passenger’s and rear seats (P. 303) can be adjusted separately. Operate the pas- senger’s side or rear temperature controls to enter individual mode.
■ Adjusting the fan speed
Turn the fan speed control dial clockwise (increase) or counter- clockwise (decrease). The fan speed is shown on the display. (7 levels) Press
to turn the fan off.
296
3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger
■ Changing the air outlets
Turn the air outlet selection dial. The air outlets switch each time either side of air outlet selection dial is turned.
Air flow as shown according to the mode selected.
When the dial is set to flows to the upper body.
, air
When the dial is set to , air flows to the upper body and feet.
297
3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger
When the dial is set to flows to the feet.
, air
, air When the dial is set to flows to the feet and the wind- shield defogger operates.
Recirculated air mode will auto- matically switch to outside air mode.
■ Switching between outside air and recirculated air modes
Press
The mode switches between (recirculated air mode) each time the switch is pressed.
(outside air mode) and
Changing the rear seat settings
■ Adjusting the temperature setting
Press
to increase the temperature and
to decrease it.
The air conditioning system switches between individual and
simultaneous modes each time
