2009 Saab 9 5 Owners Manual

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Starting and driving

2 Wait until the needle has dropped back to indicate normal temperature (roughly midway, in the white zone) before stop- ping the engine. If the coolant needs topping up, unscrew the cap on expan- sion tank carefully. Top up, as necessary, ideally with a 50/50 mixture of Saab-approved coolant and water. If only water is available, use that, but remember to have the coolant mixture checked as soon as possible.

WARNING

(cid:127) Exercise care when opening the hood

if the engine is overheated. Never remove the expansion tank cap com- pletely when the engine is hot.

(cid:127) The cooling system is pressurized - hot coolant and vapor can escape. These can cause injury to your eyes and burns. Open the cap slowly to release the pressure before removing it.

3 As soon as possible, have the cooling

system checked by a workshop. We recommend that you contact an autho- rized Saab dealer.

Towing a trailer 3

WARNING

(cid:127) When towing a trailer, do not attempt to negotiate a hill having a gradient in excess of 15 %. The weight distribu- tion over the front wheels of the car will be insufficient to prevent wheelspin, making further progress impossible. (cid:127) In addition, the parking brake may not

always be able to hold the car and trailer securely, with the result that the wheels can start to slide downhill. (cid:127) Always apply the trailer’s parking-

brake when unhitching it. There is oth- erwise a risk of personal injury or damage to the bumper should the trailer start to roll.

Trailer hitch attachment 3
Trailer hitch attachments are available as accessories. These are designed for a max- imum trailer weight of 3500 lbs. (1588 kg), see also page 259. Use only the electrical trailer hitch socket provided in the trailer hitch kit. 3
Saab recommends: (cid:127) Use a Saab original hitch kit attachment which is designed and tested by Saab.

(cid:127) Consult your Saab dealer regarding the

appropriate hitch kit for your car.

If the car has a 13-pin genuine Saab electri- cal socket, the trailer/caravan can be equipped with rear fog lamp and reversing lamps. The caravan can also have interior and exterior lighting when the car’s ignition is off. Do not put a load on the battery for so long that it becomes discharged and the car cannot be started. There is also access to power in the caravan during a journey, the caravan battery can be charged for example.

NOTICE

Only use a towbar that has been approved for your car. We recommend that you entrust towbar installation to an authorized Saab workshop, which can also provide important information such as trailer weight. Your authorized Saab workshop has information on how the towbar is to be installed and whether other measures must be undertaken that could affect the cooling system or other equipment. We recommend that you consult an authorized Saab dealer for guidance on how to connect the trailer hitch electrical system.

Maximum recommended trailer weights for different gradients

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Trailer weight Maximum recommended trailer weights for different gradients, with a view to comfort and drivability for manual and automatic cars, are shown on the drawing. Make sure you are familiar with the law regarding speed limits for towing, maxi- mum trailer weights, trailer-braking requirements, and also any special driving-license provisions (see also page 259). The specified trailer weights and gradients assume that the journey starts at the hill and therefore apply only to short periods.

Starting and driving

175

Recommendations for driving in hilly terrain The following time limits are based on the capacity of the cooling system in warm weather, i.e. approximately 86°F (30°C).

Gradient of hill, %

6–7
8–9
10–15

Maximum dura- tion, minutes

Maximum trailer weight, lbs. (kg) 3300 (1500) unlimited 3300 (1500) 15 max 1870 (850) 15 max

The following time limits are based on the capacity of the cooling system in hot weather, i.e. approximately 104°F (40°C).

Gradient of hill, %

6–7
8–9
10–15

Maximum trailer weight, lbs. (kg) 2000 (900) 2000 (900) 1000 (450)

Maximum dura- tion, minutes

unlimited 15 max 15 max.

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Starting and driving

When negotiating long hills, bear the follow- ing important considerations in mind: (cid:127) Use Normal mode when driving with a

caravan or trailer on hilly roads. The adaptive gear change pattern function will prevent the transmission overheating. (cid:127) Rises in coolant temperature are indi-

cated by the temperature gauge in the main instrument panel.

When continuing your journey, select manual mode and a gear in which the engine speed is about 3,000 rpm until the incline eases (see page 157).

WARNING

Remember to use the braking effect of the engine (position D or L) when you are descending long or steep hills to spare the brakes. Brake failure can result from overheated brakes!

Recommendations for cars with automatic transmission Rises in coolant temperature are indicated by the temperature gauge in the main instru- ment panel. The following steps are taken in order as the temperature of the engine increases: (cid:127) Gear change pattern is altered. (cid:127) A/C compressor is switched off. (cid:127) Engine torque is reduced. The following message will be displayed on the SID if the transmission fluid becomes too hot: “Gearbox too hot. Make a safe stop.“ If this message appears, stop the car as soon as it is safe to do so and allow the engine to idle until the message has gone out. The selector lever should be in position P.

95_US_MY09.book Page 177 Tuesday, April 15, 2008 11:03 AM

Recommendations for cars with manual gearbox Rises in coolant temperature are indicated by the temperature gauge in the main instru- ment panel. The following steps are taken in order as the temperature of the engine increases: (cid:127) A/C compressor is switched off. (cid:127) engine torque is reduced. When continuing your journey, select a gear in which the engine speed is about 3,000 rpm until the incline eases.

WARNING

Utilize the braking effect of the engine (1st, 2nd or 3rd gear) when you are descending long or steep hills to spare the brakes. Brake failure can result from overheated brakes!

Driving considerations Always take extra care when towing a trailer, as the car’s handling will be different and its braking effect reduced. The trailer’s braking system and suspension also have a considerable effect on these characteris- tics, see also ”Driving with a load” page 179. If the car has automatic transmission, select position D when ascending steep hills. This ensures that the adaptive gear change pat- terns are operational, see page 158. Use position D or L for steep descents.

NOTICE

If the ”Automatic transmission 3, fault indicator” indicator towing until the problem has been recti- fied.

comes on, cease

Checks before driving Make sure that the car and camper or trailer are in good working order. This is essential since towing a camper or trailer increases the strain on the car. (cid:127) Check and if necessary adjust the tire

pressure of the car and camper or trailer.

(cid:127) Make sure all wheel bolts are properly

tightened.

(cid:127) Make sure that the equipment joining the

car and camper or trailer is properly secured and adjusted.

Starting and driving

177

(cid:127) Make sure the camper or trailer’s electri-

cal cable is properly connected and is not so long that it drags along the ground. Also, make sure the cable is not too short and risks breaking when turning a corner.

(cid:127) Check all bulbs. (cid:127) Check the car and camper or trailer

brakes.

(cid:127) Make sure that all items on or in the cara-

van or trailer are properly secured.

(cid:127) Make sure that the camper or trailer’s

jockey wheel is raised and locked.

(cid:127) Check the distribution of the load so that

the car and camper or trailer are well balanced.

(cid:127) Check that the rearview mirrors provide

the best possible rearward vision.

(cid:127) Make sure the camper or trailer’s safety

cable is correctly attached.

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178

Starting and driving

Trailer hitch load The weight distribution on the trailer makes a lot of difference to the handling properties of the car and trailer combination. As regards single-axle trailers, whenever pos- sible, concentrate the load over the wheels and keep it as low as possible. The trailer should be loaded so that the maximum load on the towbar ball is 5 % to 7 % of the trailer weight with a maximum permissible tongue weight of 110–165 lbs. (50–75 kg). Note that this load must be added to the total load for the car. If this now exceeds the specified load capacity, the load in the lug- gage compartment will have to be reduced by a corresponding amount.

WARNING

When you connect the trailer be sure to attach its safety chains to the holes as illustrated.

Distribution of load in trailer a Light b Moderate c Heavy

Attach the safety chains to the holes as illustrated

Starting and driving

179

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Driving with a roof rack load

WARNING

(cid:127) A roof load will affect the car’s center

of gravity and aerodynamics. Be aware of this when cornering and driv- ing in crosswinds.

(cid:127) Suit your speed to the prevailing con-

ditions.

(cid:127) Due to higher aerodynamic drag, fuel economy may suffer when driving with a roof rack.

The maximum permissible roof load is 220 lbs. (100 kg). Note that the roof load is included in the car’s maximum permissible load (see page 258). Strong, sturdy roof carriers 3 designed spe- cially for the car are available from your Saab dealer. Always secure the roof load safely.

Driving with a load The driving characteristics of the car are affected by the way it is loaded. (cid:127) Place heavy loads as far forward and as

low as possible in the trunk.

(cid:127) Secure the load to the tie downs, see

page 131.

(cid:127) The load should be such that the car´s

total weight or axle weight are not exceeded, see page 258.

(cid:127) Heavy loads mean that the car’s center of gravity is further back. As a result, the car will sway more during evasive steering.

(cid:127) Never exceed the permissible load in the roof box 3, even if there is room for more. (cid:127) Ensure that the tire pressure is correct – slight overinflation is preferable to under- inflation.

(cid:127) The braking distance of a loaded car is

always greater. Keep your distance from the vehicle in front.

(cid:127) Roof loads can negatively affect tele-

communication.

Tire pressure, see page 263. Additional information on tires, see page 220.

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180

Starting and driving

Tires

WARNING

Check the tire pressure at least once a month and before long journeys. Under- inflation can result in: (cid:127) Punctures (cid:127) Separation of the tire and tread (cid:127) Damage to the sidewalls (cid:127) Damage to the rims on poor roads (cid:127) Poor handling characteristics (cid:127) Premature tire wear (cid:127) Increased fuel consumption.

The tire pressure should match the current load and speed of the car; for cars sold in U.S. see page 229; for cars sold in Canada see page 263. The tire pressures given apply to cold tires, that is tires that are the same temperature as the outside air temperature. The tire pressure increases as the tires become warm (e.g. during highway driving) with approximately 0.3 bar (4 psi). When the temperature of the tires changes by 50° (10°C), the tire pressure will change 0.1 bar (2 psi).

Never reduce the pressure of a hot tire. If the tires are hot when you check them, only increase the pressure, if necessary. Underinflated tires wear more quickly than slightly overinflated tires. If a valve is leaking, simply unscrew it and fit a new one. Important! Remember to adjust the tire pressures if you change the load in the car or intend to drive at substantially lower or higher speeds than normal.

95_US_MY09.book Page 181 Tuesday, April 15, 2008 11:03 AM

Driving with a spare wheel fitted See page 236.

Driving with the trunk lid/tailgate open Avoid driving with the trunk lid/tailgate partly or fully open, since exhaust fumes can be drawn into the cabin. If you must drive with the trunk lid/tailgate open, all windows and the moonroof 3 must be closed and the cabin fan on at its highest speed setting.

Driving in deep water

Towing the car

Starting and driving

181

NOTICE

Do not drive in water deeper than 12 inches (30 cm) and do not drive faster than 3–4 mph. Water can otherwise be sucked into the engine. The engine will be seriously damaged if water enters the intake system.

WARNING

(cid:127) Remember that the brake servo does

not operate when the engine is off. Much greater pressure than normal will therefore be required to operate the brake pedal.

(cid:127) Nor does the steering servo operate when the engine is off. The steering will therefore be much heavier than usual.

(cid:127) The towing vehicle should always be

heavier than the vehicle on tow.

(cid:127) Never allow passengers to ride in the

car being towed.

(cid:127) Always seek professional help if the

car needs to be towed.

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182

Starting and driving

Front towing eye

WARNING

(cid:127) Make sure that the towing eye at the

front is screwed in tightly.

(cid:127) The towing eye is only designed for

use when the car is being towed on the road. It must not be used to pull the car out of a ditch, for example.

(cid:127) Make sure that all bystanders keep a suitable distance, in case the towing eye or tow rope should break. The towing eye or tow rope could catapult off and cause serious injury.

NOTICE

(cid:127) Do not drive the car with the front

towing eye in position. If it catches the curb, for example, the engine sub- frame could be damaged.

(cid:127) Refit the plastic plug in the hole when the towing eye has been removed, to keep dirt and moisture out of the threads.

Front towing eye

Rear towing eye

Rear towing eye The car has a permanently mounted towing eye at the back. If the car is equipped with a trailer hitch, this can be used instead of the towing eye.

The front towing eye is stored with the spare wheel. The attachment point (tapped hole) for the towing eye is midway along the engine sub- frame at the front of the car. Remove the plastic plug and screw in the towing eye securely. To ensure that the towing eye is in far enough, insert the handle of the wheel wrench through the eye for additional leverage.

Starting and driving

183

Transporting the car

NOTICE

If a car with a sport (lowered) chassis is transported, for example on a flat bed truck, take extra care not to damage the spoiler and/or underbody.

95_US_MY09.book Page 183 Tuesday, April 15, 2008 11:03 AM

Towing the car

NOTICE

(cid:127) Never use the towing eyes to pull the

car unstuck.

Gear lever in neutral (in cars with automatic transmission: selector lever at N (neutral)) Turn on the parking lights. Drive carefully and do not exceed the speed limit for vehicles being towed. Always try to keep the towrope taut by gently applying the brake, as necessary. This will avoid the towrope being jerked violently.

The local regulations on towing speeds must be followed. The highest permissible towing speed is 30 mph (50 km/h), unless the legal limit is lower. The longest permissible towing dis- tance is 30 miles (50 km). If the car has to be transported farther than that, summon a tow truck. A flat bed tow truck is the pre- ferred method to tow. Failure to follow these guidelines can result in damage.

Never use the towing eyes to pull the car unstuck

Cars with automatic transmission

NOTICE

(cid:127) The car must be towed front first. (cid:127) If the car is to be towed with the front wheels off the ground, make sure the parking brake is off, as this acts on the rear wheels.

The car cannot be push started. In an emer- gency, it is possible to start the engine using jump leads (see the section, ”Jump starting” on page 184).

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Starting and driving

184
Jump starting

WARNING

(cid:127) When working on the battery, highly explosive gas can build up. A spark could ignite this gas that collects around the battery. Therefore, always avoid sparks and open flames in the vicinity of the bat- tery.

(cid:127) The battery contains corrosive sulfuric acid. Always wear a face mask or gog- gles when working on the battery. (cid:127) If battery acid gets into the eyes or

splashes onto skin or clothing, wash the affected area liberally with water. If acid gets into the eyes or a large quantity makes contact with the skin, seek medical help.

(cid:127) Battery posts, terminals and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds. Wash your hands after handling.

If your battery has run down, you may want to use another vehicle and some jumper cables to start your Saab. Follow the steps below to do it safely.

NOTICE

Ignoring these steps could result in costly damage to your vehicle that would not be covered by your warranty. Trying to start your car by pushing or pull- ing it could damage your vehicle, even if you have a manual transmission. If you have an automatic transmission, your vehicle cannot be started by pushing or pulling it.

To jump start your vehicle: 1 Check the other vehicle. It must have a 12-volt battery with a negative ground system.

NOTICE

If the other system is not a 12-volt system with a negative ground, both vehicles can be damaged.

2 Get the vehicles close enough so the

jumper cables can reach, but be sure the vehicles are not touching each other. If a poor connection on the negative jumper cable should exist, it is possible for damage to be caused to electrical systems/components of either vehicle should inadvertent contact be made. You would not be able to start your car and bad grounding could damage elec- trical systems.

WARNING

You could be injured if the vehicles roll. Set the parking brake firmly on each vehi- cle. Put an automatic transmission in P (Park) or a manual transmission in Neutral.

3 Turn off the ignition on both vehicles. Turn off all lights that are not needed, and radios. This will avoid sparks and

95_US_MY09.book Page 185 Tuesday, April 15, 2008 11:03 AM

help save both batteries and it could save your radio.

NOTICE

If you leave your radio on, it could be badly damaged. The repairs would not be covered by your warranty.

4 Open the hood and locate the battery. Find the positive (+) and negative (–) termi- nals on the battery.

WARNING

An electric fan can start up even when the engine is not running and can injure you. Keep hands, clothing and tools away from any underhood electric fan.

WARNING

Using a match or flame of any kind near a battery can cause battery gas to explode. You can suffer burns or be blinded. Use a flashlight if you need more light.

Be sure the battery has enough water. The battery installed in your new Saab has filler caps. Be sure the right amount of water is there. Add distilled or boiled water if the level is too low. If you don’t, explosive gas could be present.

Be sure the electrolyte in the battery is not frozen. Discharged batteries will freeze. When connecting jumper cables to a frozen battery, gas from the chemical reaction inside the battery can build up under the ice and cause an explosion.

Battery fluid contains acid that can burn you. Do not get it on you. If you acciden- tally get it in your eyes or on your skin, flush the area with water and get medical help immediately.

Starting and driving

185

5 Check that the jumper cables do not

have loose or missing insulation. If they do, you could get a shock and also the vehicles could be damaged. Before you connect the cables, here are some basic things you should know. Positive (+) will go to positive (+) and negative (–) will go to a major metal engine part with a good ground. Do not connect (+) to (–) or you will get a short that could injure you or would damage the battery and maybe other parts as well.

6 Connect the red positive (+) cable to the positive (+) terminal of the vehicle with the discharged battery.

7 Do not let the other end touch metal.

Connect it to the positive (+) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one.

8 Now connect the black negative (–) cable to the good battery’s negative terminal.

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186

Starting and driving

WARNING

Do not let the other end touch anything until the next step. The other end of the negative cable does not go to the dead battery. It goes to a major metal part with a good ground on the engine of the vehi- cle with the discharged battery.

9 Attach the cable at least 18 inches (45 cm) away from the discharged battery, but not near engine parts that move. To avoid an arc which could deto- nate the hydrogen gas around the battery, the final connection must be at least 18” from the battery.

10 Start the vehicle with the good battery

and run the engine for a while. 11 Try to start the vehicle with the

discharged battery. If it does not start after a few tries, it probably needs service.

12 Remove the cables in reverse order to prevent electrical shorting. Take care that they do not touch each other or any other metal.

Charging the battery/Jump starting To avoid damaging the car’s electrical system and electronics, the following rules must be followed when charging the battery or jump starting the car. If the charger 3 or starter unit 3 can be set to different voltages (6V/12V/18V/24V), 12V must be selected.

(cid:127) Follow the manufacturer’s instructions

supplied with the charger or starter unit. (cid:127) Nothing that is plugged into an electrical

outlet should be connected to the car during charging or jump starting.

(cid:127) The charger or starter unit must under no

conditions produce a voltage greater than: (cid:127) 16V continuous (cid:127) 18V for 60 min. If you are unsure about the charge rating of the unit, disconnect the battery clamp from the positive terminal before connect- ing the unit to the battery.

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Car care and technical information

187
Car care and technical information

Hood ________________ Engine compartment __ Emission control systems ____________ Engine ______________ Engine oil ____________ Transmission fluid ____ Coolant______________ Brake and clutch fluid__ Power steering fluid ___ Air filter _____________ Battery ______________ Drive belts ___________ Wipers and washers ___ Changing bulbs _______ Fuses _______________

188 189

190 192 192 193 193 194 196 196 197 199 200 202 214

Tires ________________ Automatic tire pressure monitoring system ___ Compact spare tire ____ Safety belts __________ Upholstery and trim ___ Textile carpeting ______ Washing the car ______ Waxing and polishing__ Engine compartment __ Touching up the paint _ Air conditioning (ACC) _ Anti-corrosion treatment For long trips_________ Recovery and/or recycling of automotive materials ___________ Headlight aiming ______

220

232 235 240 241 241 242 243 243 243 244 246 247

248 248

3 Asterisk means: equipment not fitted in all cars (can depend on model variant, engine variant, market specification, options or accessories).

95_US_MY09.book Page 188 Tuesday, April 15, 2008 11:03 AM

Car care and technical information

188
Hood The hood release handle is located under- neath the instrument panel. To open the hood: 1 Pull the release handle. 2 The front of the hood will now spring up,

providing access to the secondary safety catch.

Hood release handle

Hood secondary safety catch

3 Push the catch upwards, pushing the hood downward a little bit at the same time. The hood can now be lifted right up.

To close the hood, release it from a height of about 8 - 16 in (20-40 cm). Do not press down on it.

WARNING

Never hold your fingers between the hood and safety catch if lowering but not clos- ing the hood.

Check that the hood is now closed securely.

95_US_MY09.book Page 189 Tuesday, April 15, 2008 11:03 AM

Engine compartment

Car care and technical information

189

Engine compartment 1 Engine-oil dipstick/filler cap 2 Reservoir, brake/clutch fluid 3 Fuse box 4 Expansion tank, coolant 5 Washer-fluid filler cap 6 Battery 7 Turbo unit 8 Ignition discharge module 9 Reservoir, power-steering fluid

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190

Car care and technical information

Engine families Saab cars imported into the United States and Canada meet all applicable emission control standards. The engine family and appropriate tune-up specifications are iden- tified on a label affixed to the left front inner fender. These engine families meet applicable EPA Federal Standards, California State Stan- dards and Canadian Federal Standards and are equipped with the following systems: (cid:127) Sequential multiport fuel injection system (cid:127) Three way catalytic converter (cid:127) Crankcase emissi ons control system (cid:127) Evaporative emission control system (cid:127) On-Board diagnostic (OBD II) system.

Emission control systems The systems for controlling emissions to the atmosphere require regular checking and adjustment at the intervals specified in the service program. In addition to meeting the exhaust emission regulations and thereby helping to keep the environment clean, a correctly tuned engine will also give maximum fuel economy.

WARNING

Engine exhaust, some of its constituents, and certain vehicle components contain or emit chemicals known to the State of CA to cause cancer and birth defects and reproductive harm. In addition, certain fluids contained in vehicles and certain products of component wear contain or emit chemicals known to the State of Cal- ifornia to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm.

Car care and technical information

191

NOTICE

The Trionic engine management system continuously monitors the operation of these systems and has on-board diag- nostic capabilities (OBD II). If the ”Service Engine Light also known as CHECK ENGINE” lamp in the main instrument illuminates, this indicates that the Trionic ECM has detected a problem. The car will continue to operate, but per- formance may be diminished. You should have your car checked by a Saab dealer as soon as possible.

ORVR (Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery) Hydrocarbon vapors formed when refueling will be recovered by the car and not released into the atmosphere. The hydro- carbons are absorbed in a evaporative emission canister. When the engine is sub- sequently started, the evaporative emission canister is gradually purged as air is sucked into it through a shut-off valve. The hydro- carbon/air mixture passes through the evap canister purge valve and into the engine where it is burned. When refueling, make sure you screw the filler cap on and keep turning until it has clicked at least 3 times. Otherwise, it is pos- sible for the CHECK ENGINE light to illumi- nate. Refueling, see page 146.

95_US_MY09.book Page 191 Tuesday, April 15, 2008 11:03 AM

Saab Trionic engine management system The Saab Trionic engine management system is a unique Saab development that combines sequential multiport fuel injection, electronic distributorless ignition and turbo- charger boost pressure control into one sys- tem. The Trionic engine control module (ECM) monitors many different engine parameters such as:

Intake manifold pressure Intake air temperature

(cid:127) Crankshaft position (cid:127) Engine coolant temperature (cid:127) Throttle position and (cid:127) The oxygen content of the exhaust gases. The ECM receives information regarding engine knocking from a sophisticated feed- back function in the ignition discharge unit. By processing all of this information, the Tri- onic system can control fuel injector open- ing duration, ignition timing and turbo- charger boost pressure to provide excellent engine performance while maintaining low emissions and fuel consumption.

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Car care and technical information

192
Engine The 2.3-liter model is a transverse, 4-cylin- der in-line engine with twin overhead cam- shafts and 4 valves per cylinder. This engine is equipped with balance shafts that reduce engine vibration to a minimum. The balance shafts are chain driven and rotate at twice the speed of the crankshaft. They produce forces and torques that are opposed to those generated by the pistons and connecting rods, an effect that occurs twice for each revolution of the engine. Engine noise is also reduced as the counter-rotating shafts counteract the vibra- tion from the moving parts of the engine. The transmission, located on the right (viewed from the front), is integrated with the engine. All models have front-wheel drive.

The oil level must not be allowed to drop below the MIN mark on the dipstick, nor should oil be filled beyond the MAX mark, as this can lead to excessive oil consumption. The distance between the MIN and MAX marks on the dipstick corresponds to a volume of approximately 1.05 qts (1 liter). When necessary, add oil of the recom- mended grade via the dipstick tube. Recommended oil grade, see page 260.

NOTICE

(cid:127) Do not operate the engine with a low

oil level.

(cid:127) Change engine oil and oil filter as pre-

scribed in the service programme. (cid:127) Only use the recommended oil type. Follow the three points listed above to avoid severe engine damage. More frequent oil changes are recom- mended if your vehicle is operated under certain conditions, see page 252.

Balance shafts

Engine oil Checking the oil level Check the engine-oil level regularly. This should be done after the engine has been run to normal temperature and then allowed to cool for 2–5 minutes, with the car stand- ing on level ground. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean before checking the level.

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193

Transmission fluid Manual transmission Check and top up the fluid in accordance with the service program. Automatic transmission Check and top up the fluid in accordance with the service program.

Coolant

WARNING

(cid:127) Proceed with caution if the radiator is

boiling when you open the hood. Never remove the expansion-tank filler cap when the radiator is boiling.

(cid:127) The cooling system is pressurized – hot coolant and vapor can escape when the filler cap is released. These can cause injury to your eyes and burns. Loosen the cap carefully, and let the engine cool before removing the cap.

(cid:127) Exercise care when adding coolant. Coolant on hot surfaces constitutes a fire risk.

There is an overpressure in the cooling sys- tem. Coolant temperatures can sometimes exceed 212°F (100 °C). The expansion tank is transparent to facili- tate checking of the coolant level. When the engine is cold, the coolant shall lie on or just above the KALT/COLD mark on the expansion tank.

Coolant expansion tank

If the message ”Coolant level low. Refill.” is displayed on the SID, check the level of fluid in the expansion tank. Top up, as necessary, with equal parts of clean water and Saab-approved coolant. Coolants of a different brand could damage the engine or cooling system. We therefore recommend strict use of coolants that have been approved by Saab. If the expansion tank is empty when coolant is added, run the engine to normal temper- ature and top up again, as necessary.

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194

Car care and technical information

The cooling system is charged at the factory with coolant containing a 45 % concentra- tion of a combined antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor. A weaker mixture will result in reduced anticorrosion protection. For protection against freezing in very cold weather, a stronger concentration will be needed. A 60 % concentration of antifreeze will pro- vide protection at temperatures down to –58°F (–50°C). The coolant does not normally have to be changed during the service life of the car. The type of coolant used has a reddish color and should not be mixed with other types of coolant. Saab Original coolant should be used all year round. Only use coolant approved by Saab.

Note: If incorrect coolant is used or added, the life-time properties will be affected. Even if the coolant is flushed from the system and replaced with life-time coolant, life-time properties are no longer retained and the coolant must then be drained and replaced at regular intervals.

NOTICE

Always mix the antifreeze with the appropriate volume of water before adding it to the cooling system. If pure antifreeze is added, the engine could still freeze and be damaged. This is because the antifreeze will not mix properly with the coolant before the thermostat has opened to allow full circulation.

Brake and clutch fluid

WARNING

Brake fluid deteriorates as it becomes old. Because it is hygroscopic, it absorbs water from the air and, in time, could allow vapor to form in the brake system, thus reducing its performance. It is therefore important that brake fluid be changed reg- ularly, as specified in the service pro- gram.

Checking the fluid level The combined brake and clutch-fluid reser- voir is transparent to facilitate checking of the fluid level. The level should be between the MAX and MIN marks. Top up, as necessary, with DOT 4 fluid. Do not use DOT 5 brake fluid.

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Brake pad wear indicators The outboard brake pads on the front wheels incorporate pad-wear indicators. When the lining is down to 0.11 in (3 mm), the pad will produce a screeching, squeal- ing or scraping noise when the brakes are applied. New pads should be fitted without delay. Brake pads should only be changed by a workshop. We recommend that you con- tact an authorized Saab dealer.

Use only new brake fluid from a sealed container. Check that there are no leaks in the brake system. The brake fluid level will fall somewhat as the brake pads wear. The MAX level in the reservoir corresponds to the amount of brake fluid required with new brake pads. If the fall in fluid level is moderate, due to normal brake pad wear, topping up is not necessary. Changing of the brake fluid should be carried out by a workshop. We recom- mend that you contact an authorized Saab dealer. The vehicle´s regular braking system is adjusted automatically, but the parking brake has to be adjusted manually. This work, involving adjustment of the parking brake cables and brake pads, must only be carried out by a workshop. We recommend that you contact an authorized Saab dealer.

Brake and clutch-fluid reservoir

It is not possible to detect, through abnormal pedal or parking brake-lever travel, whether brake pads are worn and need replacing. It is therefore essential that brake pads be checked regularly, as specified in the service program.

NOTICE

Avoid spilling brake fluid onto paintwork, since it can cause the paint to bubble and lift. If any brake fluid is spilled, the area should be flushed with large quantities of water as quickly as possible.

Air filter

WARNING

(cid:127) For Service and Repair, parts equiva- lent to those used by Saab should be used.

(cid:127) Be aware that some non standard

replacement parts may put you in an unsafe condition, even if they might fit.

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Power steering fluid

Power steering fluid reservoir

WARNING

(cid:127) Do not fill the power steering fluid to

above the MAX mark. Too much fluid can result in leakage.

(cid:127) Power steering fluid on hot engine components constitutes a fire risk.

Check the level of the power steering fluid in the reservoir regularly, in accordance with the service program. The wheels should point forward during the check. Clean around the cap before it is unscrewed. Clean the dipstick. Screw in the cap completely again before checking the level. The oil should lie between the MAX and MIN marks when the oil temperature is about 70°F (+20°C). If the oil is colder the level can be lower, and in higher temperatures the level can be higher, both of which are acceptable. Top up with ”Power Steering Fluid CHF 11S or CHF 202”.

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Battery

WARNING

(cid:127) Work on the battery may entail an

explosion hazard, since the battery gives off hydrogen which forms an explosive mixture with the oxygen in the air. For this reason, always avoid sparks or open flames when working near the battery.

(cid:127) The battery contains corrosive sulfuric

acid. Always wear a face mask or goggles when working on the battery.

(cid:127) If battery acid gets into the eyes or

splashes the skin or clothing, wash the affected area liberally with water. If acid gets into the eyes or a large quantity makes contact with the skin, seek medical help.

(cid:127) Battery posts, terminals and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds. Wash your hands after handling.

The battery is provided with a cover to protect it from radiated heat. If the battery is exposed to high temperatures, its life will be shortened. To remove the cover, release the two clips along its long sides. The cover fits the standard battery installed in the car. If a new battery is to be fitted, make sure that its dimensions are the same as the standard one. The battery is maintenance free.

NOTICE

A discharged battery can freeze and frac- ture. Batteries should therefore always be stored away from frost.

If frequent short journeys are made, the bat- tery may need to be given a booster charge. This can be done either using a battery charger or by taking the car for a long run. A car with a standard equipment specifica- tion and a fully charged battery can be left for up to 40 days and still have a sufficient charge for starting. If extra equipment is fit- ted, such as a car phone, the charge may only be sufficient for about 15 days.

Charging/replacing the battery

NOTICE

To avert the danger of short-circuiting between the positive (+) terminal on the battery and the inlet manifold on the engine, always disconnect the negative (–) battery lead first and reconnect it last.

Connect the positive lead to the positive (+) battery terminal (red), and the negative lead to a good ground point, e.g. the lifting lug at the front of the engine. To remove the battery, always disconnect the negative (black) lead first and reconnect it last when fitting the new battery. The battery size must comply with DIN 53735 MFI 230/2.16.

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NOTICE

(cid:127) If boost charging never use anything but a 12-volt charger, see page 186. (cid:127) Never reverse the polarity of the bat- tery by connecting the leads to the wrong terminals. The red, positive lead connects to the positive (+) termi- nal, and the black, negative lead to the negative (–) terminal.

(cid:127) Serious damage can occur to the car´s electrical system if a battery or alterna- tor lead is disconnected while the engine is running.

(cid:127) The nut on the battery clamp should be tightened to a torque of 10 Nm.

Battery

Correct position for battery clamp

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The alternator is situated on the right-hand side of the engine, adjacent to the bulkhead. It is driven via a Poly-V-belt from the crank- shaft pulley. The Poly-V-belt also drives the water pump, the A/C compressor and the steering servo pump. The belt tension is critical and is adjusted automatically by the belt tensioner. See also page 59, ”Warning, charging”.

Drive belts

WARNING

(cid:127) Keep hands and clothing clear of drive

belts when engine is running. (cid:127) Always stop the engine before

inspecting drive belt.

(cid:127) The radiator fan is electric and can

start even when the engine is switched off.

NOTICE

Serious damage can be done to the car’s electrical system if an alternator lead is disconnected while the engine is running.

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Wipers and washers Check and clean all wiper blades regularly. If poor wiper performance is experienced, clean the windshield with a quality glass cleaner. This is particularly important if the car has been through an automatic car wash, as these sometimes leave a wax coating on the windshield. If wiper performance is still unsatisfactory, fit new blades.

Changing the windshield wiper blades 1 Hold the wiper arm and push the two

catches off the arm.

2 Move the blade along the extension of

the arm.

Fitting the wiper blade 1 Slide the new blade onto the arm until it locks in position. Make sure that the end of the wiper arm is within the blade bracket.

2 Check that the blade is seated correctly.

Rear window, SportCombi 1 Detach the blade from the arm by pres- sing the blade’s mounting from underne- ath.

2 Install a new blade by pressing the shaft

of the blade in the arm’s mounting.

The washer jet, which is located next to the high-mounted brake light, is not adjustable.

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Cleaning/adjusting the washer jets

Washer-fluid filler cap

The headlights have high-pressure washers 3

Washer jets The washer jets can be adjusted and, if necessary, unclogged by means of a pin.

Washers The washer-fluid reservoir holds 6.4 quarts (6 liters). When "Washer fluid level low. Refill." comes up on the SID, the reservoir is down to about 1 quart (1 liter) of fluid. Add at least 50 % of washer- fluid to water to prevent freezing and for effective cleaning.

WARNING

Take care not to spill washer fluid concentrate onto hot surfaces. Washer fluid concentrate contains flammable ingredients such as alcohol.

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Changing bulbs

WARNING

Before changing a bulb in the engine bay, switch off the engine to avoid danger of fingers and hands being injured by moving parts. The radiator fan can start up even when the engine is switched off. Xenon headlights 3 are high voltage and must therefore be changed at a workshop. We recommend that you contact an authorized Saab work- shop. Work involving high-voltage components is potentially lethal.

NOTICE

(cid:127) Since the headlight lenses are made

of plastic, rinse dried-on dirt with water and allow it time to soften up before cleaning the lenses. Avoid rubbing the lenses when dry and never use solvents.

(cid:127) Use de-icer spray instead of scraping

the ice off.

Check that the new bulb is working when finished. Use only "Long Life" bulbs. Headlight aiming, see page 248.

NOTICE

(cid:127) Do not fit bulbs with a higher rating

than 55 W, since the headlight reflec- tor and the wiring of the car are not designed for a higher wattage.

(cid:127) Switch off the ignition before chang-

ing a bulb, to avoid possible short-cir- cuiting.

(cid:127) Do not touch the glass of the bulbs

with your fingers. The oil on your skin can shorten the life of the bulb.

Xenon headlight 3
Xenon headlights produce roughly twice as much light as halogen bulbs and have a sig- nificantly longer service life. The lamp units consist of a gas discharge lamp containing xenon. When the lights are switched on a very high voltage activates the xenon gas. The lamps soon reach full intensity. Cars with xenon headlights have automatic levelling. The levelling system comprises two sensors, one on the front axle, one on the rear axle and a control unit under each of the two headlight housings. Headlight alignment is regulated automatically to pre- vent dazzling oncoming traffic. Alignment is also adjusted during braking.

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The three covers of the headlight. The left-hand cover is for the direction indicator. Replacement of this bulb should be carried out by a workshop. We recommend that you contact an authorized Saab workshop.

Headlight bulb for high beam (Halogen) On cars equipped with Xenon lamps the Halogen lamps are used only for high beam flasher if the daytime running lights are deacti- vated and the headlight switch is in the off position (otherwise Xenon lamp is utilized): 1 Remove the cover from the back of the lamp unit. To improve accessibility to the right-hand side, hold back the induction air hose. To improve accessibility to the left-hand side, remove the battery cover. Release the two clips along the long sides of the cover.

2 Hold the connector and move the bulb up and down slightly while

pulling it out.

3 Detach the connector from the bulb. 4 Fit the new bulb in the connector without touching the lens with

fingers.

5 Align and fit the bulb in its guide in the reflector by moving it up

and down slightly while pushing it forward.

6 Fit the cover.

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Low beam bulb 3
On certain variants the low beam bulb is fitted in the same way as the high beam bulb, without spring clips, see previous page.

Headlight bulb for low beam (Halogen) 1 Take off the cover from the back of the lamp unit. To improve

accessibility to the right-hand headlight, hold aside the induction air hose. To improve accessibility to the left-hand headlight, remove the battery cover. Release the two clips along the long sides of the cover.

2 Unplug the connector. 3 To remove the spring clip, push it in and then move it to the right. 4 Remove the bulb. 5 Without touching the glass with your fingers, insert the new bulb. 6 Line up the bulb with the guide in the reflector and secure it with

the spring clip.

7 Plug in the connector. 8 Fit the cover.

Contact an authorized Saab workshop if a Xenon headlight requires replacement

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Front direction indicator Direction indicator bulb replacement should be carried out by a workshop. We recommend that you contact an autho- rized Saab dealer.

Parking-light bulb

Parking-light bulb The parking light bulb is situated in the lower edge of the lamp housing. The bulb holder has been extended to facil- itate replacement. 1 Pull the extended bulb holder straight

out.

2 Change the bulb. 3 Make sure that the O-ring is correctly

positioned so as to seal against the lamp housing. When the bulb holder is slid in, it does not matter which direction the bulb holder grip is held.

Front fog lights

Front fog lights 3

WARNING

Never crawl under a car that is supported only by a jack. Always use axle stands. Refer to the information on jacks on page 237.

1 From under the front bumper, grip the bulb holder and twist counterclockwise.

2 Unplug the connector. 3 Change the bulb. Refit in the reverse order.

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Rear light clusters, 9-5 Sedan 1 Direction indicators 2 Stop lights and taillights 3 Reversing lights 4 Rear fog light 5 High-mounted brake light

Rear light clusters, 9-5 SportCombi 1 Direction indicators 2 Stop lights and taillights 3 Reversing lights 4 Rear fog light 5 High-mounted brake light

Rear light cluster, 9-5 Sedan The bulbs for the lamps in the rear light clus- ter are accessed from the luggage compart- ment. 1 Lower the flap (secured with catches). 2 Squeeze the plastic lugs and remove the

bulb holder.

3 The bulb has a bayonet fitting. Press in

the bulb and twist it counterclockwise.

4 Change the bulb.

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Trunk lid light and taillights, 9-5 Sedan Before changing bulbs in the trunk, you must first release the trim at the foot of the trunk. This involves removing the handle and the three trim fasteners (studs). 1 Unscrew the handle on the inside of the

tailgate.

2 Using the peg in the top of the screw-

driver handle, push in the button in the center of the studs. 3 Remove the studs.

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207

Refitting the trim 1 Reset the studs by pushing back the

center buttons so that they protrude by 0.2 inch (5 mm).

2 Insert the studs through the trim and tail- gate panel. Press the center buttons in, flush with the collar.

3 Screw the handle back onto the trunk.

Changing bulbs 1 Squeeze together the silver plastic lug and the electrical connection and with- draw the lamp holder.

2 The bulb has a bayonet fitting. Press in

the bulb and twist it counterclockwise.

3 Change the bulb.

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High-mounted stop lights, 9-5 Sedan The bulbs can be accessed after the panel in the rear headlining has been removed. 1 Remove the panel by carefully pushing

in the two clips, one at the time.

2 Release the bulb holder, which is

retained by a clip at either end.

3 Withdraw the bulb gently straight back. 4 Push in the new bulb. 5 Refit the bulb holder. 6 Replace the panel by carefully pushing the panel towards the headlining so that the two clips engage their respective slot.

High-mounted stop lights 1 Panel 2 Retaining clips 3 Bulbs

Rear lights clusters, 9-5 SportCombi 1 Open the tailgate. 2 Remove the two screws securing the

light cluster to the body.

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Reassembly 1 Align the fastener with the hole in the

body.

2 Press the lamp unit home into the body

until you hear a click.

3 Fit the screws.

3 Remove the two screws securing the

light cluster to the body.

4 Pull the light cluster rearwards and angle it outwards (it is seated quite firmly).

5 Release the fastener from the body.

Reinsert the fastener into the groove in the light cluster. Press in the fastener until you hear a click.

6 Take out the bulb holder. 7 Press in the bulb and twist it counter-

clockwise.

8 Change the bulb. 9 Check that the new bulb works.

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Tailgate bulbs, 9-5 SportCombi 1 Turn the lock a quarter turn (90°) with a

screwdriver or the ignition key.

2 Open and remove the cover. 3 Remove the bulb holder by pressing the

plastic lug to the side.

4 Press in the bulb and twist it

counterclockwise. 5 Change the bulb. 6 Check that the new bulb is working.

Reassembly 1 Place the two ”hinges” in the recess in

the tailgate.

2 Then push the ”hinges” into the recess

and close the cover.

3 Turn the lock a quarter turn.

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License-plate light The lens is not screwed in place. It is held in place with snaps. 1 One of the short sides of the lens

contains a recess for a small screw- driver. Insert a screwdriver and prise out the lens.

2 Fit the new bulb. 3 When refitting the lens, the short side without the screwdriver recess should be inserted first.

Side direction indicators 1 Slide the lamp fitting forward and pull out

the back.

2 Remove the bulb. 3 Change the bulb. On refitting, make sure that the spring in the lamp fitting engages the edge of the open- ing in the body panel.

Courtesy lights (front doors and floor) and luggage-compartment lighting 1 Insert a screwdriver carefully into the slot in the end of the lamp fitting. Ease the fitting off to gain access to the bulb.

2 Bend out one of the contacts and

remove the bulb. 3 Change the bulb. On refitting, insert the connector-end of the lamp fitting first.

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