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to slow down when the road is wet.
Other Rainy Weather Tips Besides slowing down, other wet weather driving tips include: (cid:129) Allow extra following distance. (cid:129) Pass with caution. (cid:129) Keep windshield wiping
equipment in good shape.
(cid:129) Keep the windshield washer fluid
reservoir filled.
(cid:129) Have good tires with proper tread
depth. See Tires on page 9-39.
(cid:129) Turn off cruise control,
if equipped.
Driving in Rain and on Wet Roads Rain and wet roads can reduce vehicle traction and affect your ability to stop and accelerate. Always drive slower in these types of driving conditions and avoid driving through large puddles and deep-standing or flowing water.
{ CAUTION
Wet brakes can cause crashes. They might not work as well in a quick stop and could cause pulling to one side. You could lose control of the vehicle. After driving through a large puddle of water or a car/vehicle wash, lightly apply the brake pedal until the brakes work normally.
(Continued)
CAUTION (Continued)
Flowing or rushing water creates strong forces. Driving through flowing water could cause your vehicle to be carried away. If this happens, you and other vehicle occupants could drown. Do not ignore police warnings and be very cautious about trying to drive through flowing water.
Hydroplaning Hydroplaning is dangerous. Water can build up under your vehicle’s tires so they actually ride on the water. This can happen if the road is wet enough and you are going fast enough. When your vehicle is hydroplaning, it has little or no contact with the road.
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8-24
Driving and Operating
Highway Hypnosis Always be alert and pay attention to your surroundings while driving. If you become tired or sleepy, find a safe place to park your vehicle and rest. Other driving tips include: (cid:129) Keep the vehicle well ventilated. (cid:129) Keep interior temperature cool. (cid:129) Keep your eyes moving — scan the road ahead and to the sides.
(cid:129) Check the rearview mirror and
vehicle instruments often.
Before Leaving on a Long Trip To prepare your vehicle for a long trip, consider having it serviced by your dealer/retailer before departing. Things to check on your own include: (cid:129) Windshield Washer Fluid: Reservoir full? Windows clean — inside and outside?
(cid:129) Wiper Blades: In good shape? (cid:129) Fuel, Engine Oil, Other Fluids:
All levels checked?
(cid:129) Lamps: Do they all work and are
lenses clean?
(cid:129) Tires: Are treads good? Are tires
inflated to recommended pressure?
(cid:129) Weather and Maps: Safe to
travel? Have up-to-date maps?
Hill and Mountain Roads Driving on steep hills or through mountains is different than driving on flat or rolling terrain. Tips for driving in these conditions include: (cid:129) Keep the vehicle serviced
and in good shape.
(cid:129) Check all fluid levels and brakes,
tires, cooling system, and transmission.
(cid:129) Going down steep or long hills,
shift to a lower gear.
{ CAUTION
If you do not shift down, the brakes could get so hot that they would not work well. You would then have poor braking or even none going down a hill. You could crash. Shift down to let the engine assist the brakes on a steep downhill slope.
2008 - Pontiac G8 Owner Manual
{ CAUTION
Coasting downhill in N (Neutral) or with the ignition off is dangerous. The brakes will have to do all the work of slowing down and they could get so hot that they would not work well. You would then have poor braking or even none going down a hill. You could crash. Always have the engine running and the vehicle in gear when going downhill.
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8-25
(cid:129) Stay in your own lane. Do not swing wide or cut across the center of the road. Drive at speeds that let you stay in your own lane.
Winter Driving Here are some tips for winter driving: (cid:129) Have your vehicle in good shape
for winter.
(cid:129) Top of hills: Be alert — something could be in your lane (stalled car, accident).
(cid:129) You might want to put winter emergency supplies in your vehicle.
(cid:129) Pay attention to special road
signs (falling rocks area, winding roads, long grades, passing or no-passing zones) and take appropriate action.
Include an ice scraper, a small brush or broom, a supply of windshield washer fluid, a rag, some winter outer clothing, a small shovel, a flashlight, a red cloth, and reflective warning triangles. And, if you will be driving under severe conditions, include a small bag of sand, a piece of old carpet, or a couple of burlap bags to help provide traction. Be sure you properly secure these items in your vehicle. Also see Tires on page 9-39.
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8-26
Driving and Operating
Driving on Snow or Ice Most of the time, those places where the tires meet the road probably have good traction. However, if there is snow or ice between the tires and the road, you can have a very slippery situation. You have a lot less traction, or grip, and need to be very careful. What is the worst time for this? Wet ice. Very cold snow or ice can be slick and hard to drive on. But wet ice can be even more trouble because it can offer the least traction of all. You can get wet ice when it is about freezing, 32°F (0°C), and freezing rain begins to fall. Try to avoid driving on wet ice until salt and sand crews can get there. Whatever the condition — smooth ice, packed, blowing, or loose snow — drive with caution. Accelerate gently. Try not to break the fragile traction. If you accelerate too fast, the drive wheels will spin and polish the surface under the tires even more.
The Antilock Brake System (ABS) improves your vehicle’s stability when you make a hard stop on a slippery road. Even though you have ABS, begin stopping sooner than you would on dry pavement. See Antilock Brake System (ABS) on page 8-15. (cid:129) Allow greater following distance
on any slippery road.
(cid:129) Watch for slippery spots.
The road might be fine until you hit a spot that is covered with ice. On an otherwise clear road, ice patches can appear in shaded areas where the sun cannot reach, such as around clumps of trees, behind buildings, or under bridges. Sometimes the surface of a curve or an overpass can remain icy when the surrounding roads are clear. If you see a patch of ice ahead of you, brake before you are on it. Try not to brake while you are actually on the ice, and avoid sudden steering maneuvers.
If You Are Caught in a Blizzard If you are stopped by heavy snow, you could be in a serious situation. You should probably stay with your vehicle unless you know for sure that you are near help and you can hike through the snow. Here are some things to do to summon help and keep yourself and your passengers safe: (cid:129) Turn on the hazard warning
flashers.
(cid:129) Tie a red cloth to your vehicle to
alert police that you have been stopped by the snow.
(cid:129) Put on extra clothing or wrap a
blanket around you. If you do not have blankets or extra clothing, make body insulators from newspapers, burlap bags, rags, floor mats — anything you can wrap around yourself or tuck under your clothing to keep warm.
You can run the engine to keep warm, but be careful.
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Driving and Operating
8-27
{ CAUTION
Snow can trap exhaust gases under your vehicle. This can cause deadly CO (carbon monoxide) gas to get inside. CO could overcome you and kill you. You cannot see it or smell it, so you might not know it is in your vehicle. Clear away snow from around the base of your vehicle, especially any that is blocking the exhaust pipe. And check around again from time to time to be sure snow does not collect there. Open a window just a little on the side of the vehicle that is away from the wind. This will help keep CO out.
Run your engine only as long as you must. This saves fuel. When you run the engine, make it go a little faster than just idle. That is, push the accelerator slightly. This uses less fuel for the heat that you get and it keeps the battery charged. You will need a well-charged battery to restart the vehicle, and possibly for signaling later on with the headlamps. Let the heater run for a while. Then, shut the engine off and close the window almost all the way to preserve the heat. Start the engine again and repeat this only when you feel really uncomfortable from the cold. But do it as little as possible. Preserve the fuel as long as you can. To help keep warm, you can get out of the vehicle and do some fairly vigorous exercises every half hour or so until help comes.
If Your Vehicle is Stuck in Sand, Mud, Ice, or Snow Slowly and cautiously spin the wheels to free the vehicle when stuck in sand, mud, ice, or snow. See Rocking Your Vehicle to Get It Out on page 8-28.
{ CAUTION
If you let your vehicle’s tires spin at high speed, they can explode, and you or others could be injured. The vehicle can overheat, causing an engine compartment fire or other damage. Spin the wheels as little as possible and avoid going above 35 mph (55 km/h) as shown on the speedometer.
For information about using tire chains on the vehicle, see Tire Chains on page 9-62.
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8-28
Driving and Operating
Loading the Vehicle It is very important to know how much weight the vehicle can carry. This weight is called the vehicle capacity weight and includes the weight of all occupants, cargo and all nonfactory-installed options. Two labels on the vehicle show how much weight it may properly carry, the Tire and Loading Information label and the Certification label.
{ CAUTION
Do not load the vehicle any heavier than the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), or either the maximum front or rear Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). If you do, parts on the vehicle can break, and it can change the way your vehicle handles. These could cause you to lose control and crash. Also, overloading can shorten the life of the vehicle.
Rocking Your Vehicle to Get It Out First, turn the steering wheel left and right to clear the area around the front wheels. Turn off any stability system. See Electronic Stability Program on page 8-16. Then shift back and forth between REVERSE (R) and a forward gear, spinning the wheels as little as possible. To prevent transmission wear, wait until the wheels stop spinning before shifting gears. Release the accelerator pedal while you shift, and press lightly on the accelerator pedal when the transmission is in gear. By slowly spinning the wheels in the forward and reverse directions, you will cause a rocking motion that could free your vehicle. If that does not get your vehicle out after a few tries, it might need to be towed out. If your vehicle does need to be towed out, see Towing Your Vehicle on page 9-84.
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8-29
number of occupant seating positions (A), and the maximum vehicle capacity weight (B) in kilograms and pounds. The Tire and Loading Information label also shows the tire size of the original equipment tires (C) and the recommended cold tire inflation pressures (D). For more information on tires and inflation see Tires on page 9-39 and Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-46. There is also important loading information on the Certification label. It tells you the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) for the front and rear axle. See “Certification Label” later in this section.
Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs” on your vehicle placard.
2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.
3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs.
4. The resulting figure equals
the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs and there will be five 150 lb passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs (1400 − 750
(5 x 150) = 650 lbs).Tire and Loading Information Label
Label Example
A vehicle specific Tire and Loading Information label is attached to the vehicle’s center pillar (B-pillar). With the driver’s door open, you will find the label attached near the door lock post. The Tire and Loading Information label shows the
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Driving and Operating
5. Determine the combined
weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. 6. If your vehicle will be towing a
trailer, the load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.
See Towing a Trailer on page 9-85 for important information on towing a trailer, towing safety rules and trailering tips.
Example 1
Example 2
A. Vehicle Capacity Weight for
Example 1 = 1,000 lbs (453 kg).
B. Subtract Occupant Weight
150 lbs (68 kg) × 2 = 300 lbs (136 kg).
C. Available Occupant and Cargo Weight = 700 lbs (317 kg).
A. Vehicle Capacity Weight for
Example 2 = 1,000 lbs (453 kg).
B. Subtract Occupant Weight
150 lbs (68 kg) × 5 = 750 lbs (340 kg).
C. Available Cargo
Weight = 250 lbs (113 kg).
2008 - Pontiac G8 Owner Manual
and seating positions. The combined weight of the driver, passengers, and cargo should never exceed the vehicle’s capacity weight. Certification Label
Label Example
A vehicle specific Certification label, is attached to the driver side center pillar. The label tells you the gross weight capacity of the vehicle, called the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). The GVWR includes
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8-31
the weight of the vehicle, all occupants, fuel, and cargo. Never exceed the GVWR for the vehicle, or the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) for either the front or rear axle. And, if you do have a heavy load, you should spread it out. See “Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit” earlier in this section.
{ CAUTION
Do not load the vehicle any heavier than the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), or either the maximum front or rear Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). If you do, parts on the vehicle can break, and it can change the way your vehicle handles. These could cause you to lose control and crash. Also, overloading can shorten the life of the vehicle.
Example 3
A. Vehicle Capacity Weight for Example 3 = 1,000 lbs (453 kg).
B. Subtract Occupant
Weight 200 lbs (91 kg) × 5 = 1,000 lbs (453 kg).
C. Available Cargo
Weight = 0 lbs (0 kg).
Refer to the vehicle’s Tire and Loading Information label for specific information about the vehicle’s capacity weight
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Driving and Operating
If you put things inside the vehicle — like suitcases, tools, packages, or anything else — they will go as fast as the vehicle goes. If you have to stop or turn quickly, or if there is a crash, they will keep going.
{ CAUTION
Things you put inside the vehicle can strike and injure people in a sudden stop or turn, or in a crash. (cid:129) Put things in the trunk of
your vehicle. In a trunk, put them as far forward as you can. Try to spread the weight evenly.
(Continued)
CAUTION (Continued)
(cid:129) Never stack heavier
things, like suitcases, inside the vehicle so that some of them are above the tops of the seats.
(cid:129) Do not leave an unsecured
child restraint in the vehicle.
(cid:129) When you carry something inside the vehicle, secure it whenever you can.
(cid:129) Do not leave a seat folded down unless you need to.
Fuel Use of the recommended fuel is an important part of the proper maintenance of your vehicle. To help keep the engine clean and maintain optimum vehicle performance, we recommend the use of gasoline advertised as TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline. The 8th digit of the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) shows the code letter or number that identifies your vehicle’s engine. The VIN is at the top left of the instrument panel. See Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) on page 10-1.
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If this occurs, use a gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher as soon as possible. If you are using gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher and you hear heavy knocking, the engine needs service.
Gasoline Specifications At a minimum, gasoline should meet ASTM specification D 4814
in the United States or CAN/CGSB-3.5 or 3.511 in Canada. Some gasolines contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). We recommend against the use of gasolines containing MMT. See Additives on page 8-34 for additional information.California Fuel If your vehicle is certified to meet California Emissions Standards, it is designed to operate on fuels that meet California specifications. See the underhood emission control label. If this fuel is not available in states adopting California emissions standards, your vehicle will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal specifications, but emission control system performance might be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp could turn on and your vehicle might fail a smog-check test. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 4-18. If this occurs, return to your authorized dealer/retailer for diagnosis. If it is determined that the condition is caused by the type of fuel used, repairs might not be covered by the vehicle warranty.
Gasoline Octane If your vehicle has a V8 engine, use regular unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 87 or higher. If the octane rating is less than 87, you might notice an audible knocking noise when you drive, commonly referred to as spark knock. If this occurs, use a gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher as soon as possible. If you are using gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher and you hear heavy knocking, the engine needs service. If your vehicle has the 3.6L V6
engine (VIN Code 7), use regular unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 87 or higher. For best performance or trailer towing, you could choose to use middle grade 89 octane unleaded gasoline. If the octane rating is less than 87, you might notice an audible knocking noise when you drive, commonly referred to as spark knock.2008 - Pontiac G8 Owner Manual
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Driving and Operating
Additives To provide cleaner air, all gasolines in the United States are now required to contain additives that help prevent engine and fuel system deposits from forming, allowing the emission control system to work properly. In most cases, you should not have to add anything to the fuel. However, some gasolines contain only the minimum amount of additive required to meet U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations. To help keep fuel injectors and intake valves clean, or if your vehicle experiences problems due to dirty injectors or valves, look for gasoline that is advertised as TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline. Also, your dealer/retailer has additives that will help correct and prevent most deposit-related problems. Gasolines containing oxygenates, such as ethers and ethanol, and reformulated gasolines might be available in your area.
We recommend that you use these gasolines, if they comply with the specifications described earlier. However, E85 (85% ethanol) and other fuels containing more than 10% ethanol must not be used in vehicles that were not designed for those fuels. Notice: Your vehicle was not designed for fuel that contains methanol. Do not use fuel containing methanol. It can corrode metal parts in the fuel system and also damage plastic and rubber parts. That damage would not be covered under your warranty. Some gasolines that are not reformulated for low emissions can contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT); ask the attendant where you buy gasoline whether the fuel contains MMT.
We recommend against the use of such gasolines. Fuels containing MMT can reduce the life of spark plugs and the performance of the emission control system could be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp might turn on. If this occurs, return to your dealer/retailer for service.
Fuels in Foreign Countries If you plan on driving in another country outside the United States or Canada, the proper fuel might be hard to find. Never use leaded gasoline or any other fuel not recommended in the previous text on fuel. Costly repairs caused by use of improper fuel would not be covered by your warranty. To check the fuel availability, ask an auto club, or contact a major oil company that does business in the country where you will be driving.
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{ CAUTION
Fuel can spray out on you if you open the fuel cap too quickly. If you spill fuel and then something ignites it, you could be badly burned. This spray can happen if your tank is nearly full, and is more likely in hot weather. Open the fuel cap slowly and wait for any hiss noise to stop. Then unscrew the cap all the way.
Be careful not to spill fuel. Do not top off or overfill the tank and wait a few seconds after you have finished pumping before removing the nozzle. Clean fuel from painted surfaces as soon as possible. See Exterior Cleaning on page 9-94. When replacing the fuel cap, turn it clockwise until it clicks. Make sure the cap is fully installed.
The fuel cap is located behind a hinged fuel door on the driver side of the vehicle. To open the fuel door the vehicle must be unlocked. Push on the rear edge of the door to open. When reinstalling the cap, turn it clockwise until it clicks, otherwise the Malfunction Indicator Lamp may turn on. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 4-18.
Filling the Tank
{ CAUTION
Fuel vapor burns violently and a fuel fire can cause bad injuries. To help avoid injuries to you and others, read and follow all the instructions on the pump island. Turn off your engine when you are refueling. Do not smoke if you are near fuel or refueling your vehicle. Do not use cellular phones. Keep sparks, flames, and smoking materials away from fuel. Do not leave the fuel pump unattended when refueling your vehicle. This is against the law in some places. Do not re-enter the vehicle while pumping fuel. Keep children away from the fuel pump; never let children pump fuel.
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Driving and Operating
The diagnostic system can determine if the fuel cap has been left off or improperly installed. This would allow fuel to evaporate into the atmosphere. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 4-18.
{ CAUTION
If a fire starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notifying the station attendant. Leave the area immediately.
If you need a new fuel
Notice: cap, be sure to get the right type. Your dealer/retailer can get one for you. If you get the wrong type, it may not fit properly. This may cause your malfunction indicator lamp to light and may damage your fuel tank and emissions system. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 4-18.
Filling a Portable Fuel Container
CAUTION (Continued)
(cid:129) Bring the fill nozzle in
contact with the inside of the fill opening before operating the nozzle. Contact should be maintained until the filling is complete.
(cid:129) Do not smoke while
pumping fuel.
(cid:129) Do not use a cellular phone
while pumping fuel.
{ CAUTION Never fill a portable fuel container while it is in your vehicle. Static electricity discharge from the container can ignite the fuel vapor. You can be badly burned and your vehicle damaged if this occurs. To help avoid injury to you and others: (cid:129) Dispense fuel only into
approved containers.
(cid:129) Do not fill a container while it
is inside a vehicle, in a vehicle’s trunk, pickup bed, or on any surface other than the ground.
(Continued)
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Vehicle Service and Care
9-1
Vehicle Service and Care
Service Service ...............................9-2
Accessories and Modifications .....................9-3
California Proposition 65
Warning ............................9-3
California Perchlorate Materials Requirements .....9-3
Doing Your Own Service Work ....................9-4
Adding Equipment to the Outside of the Vehicle ......9-4Owner Checks Owner Checks ....................9-5
Hood Release .....................9-5
Engine Compartment Overview ...........................9-6
Engine Oil ..........................9-8
Engine Oil Life System .....9-10
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter ...9-11Automatic Transmission Fluid ................................9-13
Engine Coolant .................9-13
Radiator Pressure Cap ......9-15
Engine Overheating ...........9-16
Cooling System .................9-17
Power Steering Fluid .........9-21
Windshield Washer Fluid ...9-22
Windshield Wiper Blade Replacement ...................9-23
Brakes ..............................9-24
Battery ..............................9-26
Headlamp Aiming Headlamp Aiming ..............9-27
Bulb Replacement Bulb Replacement .............9-29
Halogen Bulbs ..................9-29
Headlamps and Parking Lamps .............................9-29
Taillamps ..........................9-31
Replacement Bulbs ...........9-32
Electrical System Add-On Electrical Equipment .......................9-32
Headlamp Wiring ..............9-33
Windshield Wiper Fuses ....9-33Power Windows and Other Power Options .......9-33
Instrument Panel Fuse Block ...............................9-33
Engine Compartment Fuse Block ......................9-35
Rear Compartment Fuse Block ...............................9-38Tires Tires .................................9-39
Tire Sidewall Labeling .......9-40
Tire Terminology and Definitions .......................9-43
Inflation - Tire Pressure ....9-46
High-Speed Operation .......9-48
Tire Pressure Monitor System ............................9-49
Tire Pressure Monitor Operation ........................9-51
Tire Inspection and Rotation ..........................9-54
When It Is Time for New Tires .......................9-56
Buying New Tires .............9-56
Different Size Tires and Wheels ............................9-582008 - Pontiac G8 Owner Manual
Service For service and parts needs, visit your dealer/retailer. You will receive genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:
9-2
Vehicle Service and Care
Towing Towing Your Vehicle .........9-84
Shift Lock Manual Release ...........................9-84
Recreational Vehicle Towing ............................9-85
Towing a Trailer ................9-85
Appearance Care Interior Cleaning ................9-91
Exterior Cleaning ..............9-94
Sheet Metal Damage ........9-98
Finish Damage ..................9-98
Underbody Maintenance ....9-98
Chemical Paint Spotting ....9-98
Vehicle Care/Appearance Materials .........................9-99Uniform Tire Quality Grading ...........................9-59
Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance ...........................9-60
Wheel Replacement ..........9-61
Tire Chains .......................9-62
Tire Changing If a Tire Goes Flat ............9-62
Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit (V8 Engine) .....................9-64
Changing a Flat Tire (V6 Engine) .....................9-71
Removing the Spare Tire and Tools ........................9-72
Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the Spare Tire .......................9-73
Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools .................9-78
Compact Spare Tire ..........9-79
Jump Starting Jump Starting ...................9-802008 - Pontiac G8 Owner Manual
Vehicle Service and Care
9-3
Accessories and Modifications When non-dealer/non-retailer accessories are added to your vehicle they can affect your vehicle’s performance and safety, including such things as, airbags, braking, stability, ride and handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like antilock brakes, traction control and stability control. Some of these accessories could even cause malfunction or damage not covered by warranty. GM Accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on your vehicle. Your GM dealer/retailer can accessorize your vehicle using genuine GM Accessories. When you go to your
GM dealer/retailer and ask for GM Accessories, you will know that GM-trained and supported service technicians will perform the work using genuine GM Accessories. Also, see Adding Equipment to Your Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 1-30.
California Proposition 65
Warning Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems (including some inside the vehicle), many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals.California Perchlorate Materials Requirements Certain types of automotive applications, such as airbag initiators, seat belt pretensioners, and lithium batteries contained in remote keyless entry transmitters, may contain perchlorate materials. Special handling may be necessary. For additional information, see www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/ perchlorate.
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9-4
Vehicle Service and Care
Doing Your Own Service Work
{ CAUTION
You can be injured and your vehicle could be damaged if you try to do service work on a vehicle without knowing enough about it. (cid:129) Be sure you have sufficient knowledge, experience, the proper replacement parts, and tools before you attempt any vehicle maintenance task. (cid:129) Be sure to use the proper
nuts, bolts, and other fasteners. English and metric fasteners can be easily confused. If you use the wrong fasteners, parts can later break or fall off. You could be hurt.
If you want to do some of your own service work, you should use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service your vehicle than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 12-15. Your vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Airbag System Check on page 1-31. You should keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work you perform. See Maintenance Record on page 11-15.
Adding Equipment to the Outside of the Vehicle Things you might add to the outside of your vehicle can affect the airflow around it. This can cause wind noise and can affect fuel economy and windshield washer performance. Check with your dealer/retailer before adding equipment to the outside of your vehicle.
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Owner Checks { CAUTION
Hood Release To open the hood:
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9-5
An electric fan under the hood can start up and injure you even when the engine is not running. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.
{ CAUTION
Things that burn can get on hot engine parts and start a fire. These include liquids like fuel, oil, coolant, brake fluid, windshield washer and other fluids, and plastic or rubber. You or others could be burned. Be careful not to drop or spill things that will burn onto a hot engine.
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1. Pull the release handle with the above symbol on it. It is located below the instrument panel to the left of the steering wheel.
2. Pull up on the secondary hood
release. The lever is located near the middle of the hood.
3. Lift the hood. 4. Release the hood prop rod from
its retainer and put it into the slot in the hood. To insert the hood prop rod into the slot.
Before closing the hood, be sure all the filler caps are on properly. Make sure to return the hood prop rod carefully back to its retainer to avoid damaging the vehicle.
9-6
Vehicle Service and Care
Engine Compartment Overview When you open the hood, this is what you will see:
V6 Engine
A. Engine Compartment Fuse
Block. See Engine Compartment Fuse Block on page 9-35.
B. Coolant Reservoir and Dipstick.
See Cooling System on page 9-17.
C. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See “When to Add Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 9-8.
D. Engine Oil Dipstick (Out of View). See “Checking Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 9-8.
E. Brake Master Cylinder Reservoir.
See “Brake Fluid” under Brakes on page 9-24.
F. Power Steering Reservoir.
See Power Steering Fluid on page 9-21.
G. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter.
See Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on page 9-11.
H. Windshield Washer Fluid
Reservoir. See Windshield Washer Fluid on page 9-22. I. Radiator Pressure Cap. See
Cooling System on page 9-17.
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Vehicle Service and Care
9-7
A. Engine Compartment Fuse
Block. See Engine Compartment Fuse Block on page 9-35.
B. Coolant Reservoir and Dipstick.
See Cooling System on page 9-17.
C. Engine Oil Dipstick. See
“Checking Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 9-8.
D. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See “When to Add Oil” under Engine Oil on page 9-8.
E. Power Steering Reservoir. See
Power Steering Fluid on page 9-21.
F. Brake Master Cylinder Reservoir.
See “Brake Fluid” under Brakes on page 9-24.
G. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter. See
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on page 9-11.
H. Windshield Washer Fluid
Reservoir. See Windshield Washer Fluid on page 9-22. I. Radiator Pressure Cap. See
Cooling System on page 9-17.
V8 Engine
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Vehicle Service and Care
When to Add Engine Oil If the oil is below the MIN (minimum) mark, add at least one quart/liter of the recommended oil. This section explains what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 10-2. Notice: Do not add too much oil. If the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the upper mark that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged.
See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for the location of the engine oil fill cap. Be sure to add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when you are through.
Engine Oil Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil every time you get fuel. In order to get an accurate reading, the oil must be warm and the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a yellow loop. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6
for the location of the engine oil dipstick. 1. Turn off the engine and give the oil several minutes to drain back into the oil pan. If you do not do this, the oil dipstick might not show the actual level.2. Pull the dipstick and clean it with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down and check the level.
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What Kind of Engine Oil to Use
Vehicle Service and Care
9-9
Look for three things: (cid:129) GM6094M
Your vehicle’s engine requires oil meeting GM Standard GM6094M. Look for and use only an oil that meets GM Standard GM6094M.
(cid:129) SAE 5W-30
As shown in the viscosity chart, SAE 5W-30 is best for your vehicle. These numbers on an oil container show its viscosity, or thickness. Do not use other viscosity oils such as SAE 20W-50.
(cid:129) Oils meeting these requirements
should have the starburst symbol on the container. This symbol indicates that the oil has been certified by the American Petroleum Institute (API).
Look for this information on the oil container, and use only those oils that are identified as meeting GM Standard GM6094M and have the starburst symbol on the front of the oil container. Notice: Use only engine oil identified as meeting GM Standard GM6094M and showing the American Petroleum Institute Certified For Gasoline Engines starburst symbol. Failure to use the recommended oil can result in engine damage not covered by your warranty.
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Vehicle Service and Care
If you are in an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −20°F (−29°C), it is recommended that you use either an SAE 5W-30 synthetic oil or an SAE 0W-30 oil. Both provide easier cold starting and better protection for the engine at extremely low temperatures.
Engine Oil Additives Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils with the starburst symbol that meet GM Standard GM6094M are all you need for good performance and engine protection.
Engine Oil Life System When to Change Engine Oil Your vehicle has a computer system that lets you know when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on engine revolutions and engine temperature, and not on mileage. Based on driving conditions, the
mileage at which an oil change will be indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, you must reset the system every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it will indicate that an oil change is necessary. The Service Engine Oil message will be displayed. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 600 miles (1 000 km). It is possible that, if you are driving under the best conditions, the oil life system might not indicate that an oil change is necessary for over a year. However, the engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and at this time the system must be reset. Your dealer/retailer has trained service people who will perform this work using genuine parts and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly and keep it at the proper level.
If the system is ever reset accidentally, you must change the oil at 3,000 miles (5 000 km) since your last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed. How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System The Engine Oil Life System calculates when to change the engine oil and filter based on vehicle use. Whenever the oil is changed, reset the system so it can calculate when the next oil change is required. If a situation occurs where you change the oil prior to the Service Engine Oil message being displayed, reset the system.
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9-11
water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer’s warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Instead, recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil. If you have a problem properly disposing of used oil, ask your dealer/retailer, a service station, or a local recycling center for help.
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for the location of the engine air cleaner/filter. When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Inspect the air cleaner/filter at the Maintenance II intervals and replace it at the first oil change after each 50,000 mile (83 000 km) interval. See “Schedule Maintenance” in Service and Maintenance for more information. If you are driving in dusty/dirty conditions, inspect the filter at each engine oil change.
After changing the engine oil, reset the system: 1. Turn the ignition key to ON/RUN
with the engine off.
2. Fully press and release the
accelerator pedal three times within five seconds. If the Service Engine Oil message does not appear, the system is reset.
If the Service Engine Oil message displays, you will need to reset the system again.
What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and
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Vehicle Service and Care
How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter To inspect the air cleaner/filter, remove the filter from the vehicle and lightly shake the filter to release loose dust and dirt. If the filter remains caked with dirt, a new filter is required. To inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter: 1. Open the hood. See Hood
Release on page 9-5.
2. Locate the air filter housing on
the front of the driver side of the engine compartment. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6.
3. On the V8 engine, remove the
airflow sensor connector by pushing in the tab and pulling straight back.
4. Remove the five retaining clips
on the air filter housing.
5. Pull straight up on cover, while
holding the cover remove the air filter.
6. Install the air filter. 7. Close the air filter housing cover
and clip the five retaining clips. 8. On the V8 engine push in the
airflow sensor connector. { CAUTION
Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. If it is not there and the engine backfires, you could be burned. Do not drive with it off, and be careful working on the engine with the air cleaner/filter off.
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If the air cleaner/filter is
Notice: off, a backfire can cause a damaging engine fire. And, dirt can easily get into your engine, which will damage it. Always have the air cleaner/filter in place when you are driving.
Automatic Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take your vehicle to a dealer/retailer and have it repaired as soon as possible. Change the fluid and filter at the intervals listed in the Maintenance Schedule. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 11-4. Be sure to use the transmission fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12.
Notice: Use of the incorrect automatic transmission fluid may damage your vehicle, and the damages may not be covered by your warranty. Always use the automatic transmission fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12.
Engine Coolant The cooling system in your vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL® engine coolant. This coolant is designed to remain in your vehicle for five years or 150,000 miles (240 000 km), whichever occurs first, if you add only DEX-COOL® extended life coolant. The following explains your cooling system and how to add coolant when it is low. If you have a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 9-16.
A 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant will: (cid:129) Give freezing protection down
to −34°F (−37°C).
(cid:129) Give boiling protection up to
265°F (129°C).
(cid:129) Protect against rust and
corrosion.
(cid:129) Help keep the proper engine
temperature.
(cid:129) Let the warning lights and gages
work as they should.
Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant may require changing sooner, at the first maintenance service after each 30,000 miles (50 000 km) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL® (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.
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Vehicle Service and Care
What to Use Use a mixture of one-half clean, drinkable water and one-half DEX-COOL® coolant which will not damage aluminum parts. If you use this coolant mixture, you do not need to add anything else. { CAUTION
Adding only plain water to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other liquid such as alcohol, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will.
(Continued)
CAUTION (Continued)
The vehicle’s coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50
mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant.If an improper coolant
Notice: mixture is used, the engine could overheat and be badly damaged. The repair cost would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts.
If you use extra
If you have to add coolant more than four times a year, have your dealer/retailer check your cooling system. Notice: inhibitors and/or additives in your vehicle’s cooling system, you could damage your vehicle. Use only the proper mixture of the engine coolant listed in this manual for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12 for more information.
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3. When the engine is cold, the coolant level should be at or above the Min mark on the dipstick. After the vehicle has been driven and the engine is at normal operating temperature, the level should be somewhere between half full and the Max mark.
4. If the coolant level is correct, replace the dipstick and turn the cap one-eighth of a turn clockwise.
Adding Coolant If you need more coolant, add the proper DEX-COOL® coolant mixture at the coolant reservoir, but only when the engine is cool. If the coolant reservoir is empty, a special fill procedure is necessary. See Engine Overheating on page 9-16
for instructions on “How to Add Coolant to the Cooling System.”{ CAUTION
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol, and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.
When replacing the coolant reservoir cap, make sure it is hand-tight and fully seated.
Radiator Pressure Cap Notice: The radiator cap on your vehicle is a pressure-type cap and must be tightly installed to prevent coolant loss and possible engine damage from overheating. Be sure the cap is properly closed. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for more information on location.
Checking Coolant The coolant reservoir and dipstick is located in the engine compartment on the passenger side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for more information on location. 1. Turn off the ignition.
2. Turn the coolant dipstick cap one-eighth of a turn counterclockwise and slowly pull the dipstick straight up.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Engine Overheating There is an engine coolant temperature warning light on your vehicle’s instrument panel. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gage on page 4-17. If Steam Is Coming From Your Engine
{ CAUTION
Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood.
(Continued)
CAUTION (Continued)
If you keep driving when your engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop your engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.
If the engine catches fire
Notice: because of being driven with no coolant, your vehicle can be badly damaged. The costly repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. If No Steam Is Coming From Your Engine An engine coolant temperature warning can indicate a serious problem. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gage on page 4-17.
If you get an engine coolant temperature warning, but see or hear no steam, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when you: (cid:129) Climb a long hill on a hot day. (cid:129) Stop after high-speed driving. (cid:129) Idle for long periods in traffic. If you get the engine coolant temperature warning with no sign of steam, try this for a minute or so: 1. If your air conditioner is on, turn
it off.
2. In heavy traffic, let the engine idle
in N (Neutral) while stopped. If it is safe to do so, pull off the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) and let the engine idle.
3. Turn on your heater to full hot at the highest fan speed and open the windows as necessary.
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Cooling System When you decide it is safe to lift the hood, this is what you see:
V6 Engine
A. Coolant Reservoir and Dipstick B. Radiator Pressure Cap
If you no longer have the overheat warning, you can drive. Just to be safe, drive slower for about 10 minutes. If the warning does not come back on, you can drive normally. If the warning continues and you have not stopped, pull over, stop, and park your vehicle right away. If there is still no sign of steam, you can idle the engine for three minutes while you are parked. If you still have the warning, turn off the engine and get everyone out of the vehicle until it cools down. You may decide not to lift the hood but to get service help right away.
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Vehicle Service and Care
V8 Engine
A. Coolant Reservoir and Dipstick B. Radiator Pressure Cap
{ CAUTION
An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.
The coolant level should be at or above the top mark on the coolant reservoir dipstick. If it is not, you may have a leak at the radiator pressure cap or in the radiator hoses, heater hoses, radiator, water pump, or somewhere else in the cooling system.
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Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner, at 30,000 miles (50 000 km) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL® (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle. How to Add Coolant to the Cooling System Notice: This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged.
If no coolant is visible in the coolant reservoir, add coolant as follows:
{ CAUTION
Adding only plain water to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other liquid such as alcohol, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The vehicle’s coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50
mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant.{ CAUTION
Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.
If there seems to be no leak, with the engine on, check to see if the electric engine cooling fans are running. If the engine is overheating, both fans should be running. If they are not, your vehicle needs service. Notice: Engine damage from running the engine without coolant is not covered by the warranty.
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Vehicle Service and Care
In cold weather, water
Notice: can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core and other parts. Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture.
{ CAUTION
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.
1. Check the engine coolant reservoir (A) level and, if required, top with coolant. See Engine Coolant on page 9-13.
2. Locate the radiator pressure
cap (B).
{ CAUTION
Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. They are under pressure, and if you turn the radiator pressure cap — even a little — they can
(Continued)
CAUTION (Continued)
come out at high speed. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the radiator pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and radiator pressure cap to cool if you ever have to turn the pressure cap.
3. Cover the cap with a thick
cloth and turn it slowly counterclockwise and remove.
4. If there is no coolant or the level
is low, slowly fill the system through the radiator pressure cap opening with a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and a DEX-COOL® coolant until full. Wait 30 seconds for coolant to settle and top off if the level drops. Do not spill coolant on the accessory drive belts. If a spill occurs, rinse the belt with fresh water.
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5. Start the engine. 6. With the engine idling, top off the
coolant through the radiator pressure cap opening until full. Wait 30 seconds for the coolant to settle and top off, if the level drops.
7. Once the system is full, put the radiator pressure cap back on by turning clockwise. 8. Turn off the ignition. 9. Check the coolant level in the
reservoir and fill it until the level is at the top of the dipstick.
Power Steering Fluid Power Steering Fluid Level Power steering fluid is used in all vehicles. Check the level after the vehicle has been driven for at least twenty minutes so the fluid is warm. How to Check Power Steering Fluid To check the power steering fluid, do the following: 1. Turn the key off and let the
engine compartment cool down.
2. The power steering fluid reservoir
is located on the driver side toward the front of the engine compartment. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6.
3. Wipe the cap and the top of the
reservoir clean.
V6 Engine
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Vehicle Service and Care
V8 Engine
4. Turn the cap counterclockwise
and pull it straight up.
5. When the engine is hot, the level
should be at the hot MAX level. When the engine is cold, the fluid level should be between MIN and MAX on the dipstick.
6. Replace the cap.
Adding Power Steering Fluid To determine what kind of fluid to use, see Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12. Always use the proper fluid. Failure to use the proper fluid can cause leaks and damage hoses and seals. 1. Turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF. 2. Top off with power steering
fluid. Do not overfill the reservoir.
3. Push the cap straight down
and turn clockwise to tighten.
Windshield Washer Fluid What to Use When you need windshield washer fluid, be sure to read the manufacturer’s instructions before use. If you will be operating your vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing.
Adding Washer Fluid
Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6
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Windshield Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear or cracking. To replace the windshield wiper blades: 1. Turn the wiper switch to the off
position.
2. Turn the ignition to the
LOCK/OFF position.
4. Press the two clips at either side
of the wiper blade then tilt the wiper blade at 90° to the wiper arm and remove.
5. Replace the wiper blade by
pressing in the clip and turning the blade toward the arm to reset the clip with the wiper arm.
6. Lower the wiper arm on to the
windshield.
3. Raise the wiper arm away from
the windshield.
Notice: (cid:129) When using concentrated
washer fluid, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adding water.
(cid:129) Do not mix water with
ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage your washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system. Also, water does not clean as well as washer fluid.
(cid:129) Fill the washer fluid tank only
three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.
(cid:129) Do not use engine coolant
(antifreeze) in your windshield washer. It can damage the vehicle’s windshield washer system and paint.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Brakes Brake Fluid
The brake master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT-4 brake fluid. There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down. The first is that the
