%*[SS15900(R)01/96] *[SS16000(R)01/96]
*[SS16015(R)01/96]
*[SS16025(R)05/96]
*[SS16090(R)05/96] *[SS16250(R)01/96]
Seating and Safety Restraints
R WARNING
Do not leave children, unreliable adults, or pets unattended in your vehicle.
Safety Seats for Children
Use a safety seat that is recommended for the size and weight of the child. Always follow the safety seat manufacturer’s instructions when installing and using the safety seat.
Ford recommends the use of a child safety seat having a top tether strap. Install the child safety seat in a seating position which is capable of providing a tether anchorage. For more information on top tether straps see Attaching Safety Seats With Tether Straps in this chapter.
When installing a child safety seat, be sure to use the correct safety belt buckle for that seating position, and make sure the tongue is securely fastened in the buckle. For a shoulder/lap belt combination with a sliding tongue, make sure the retractor is in the automatic locking mode.
All child restraint systems are designed to be secured in vehicle seats by lap belts or by the lap portion of a lap-shoulder belt.
R WARNING
Seatbacks should be upright for use with child safety seats.
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R WARNING
Always keep the buckle release button pointing upward and away from the child seat, with the tongue button between the child seat and the release button as shown in the following illustration.
R WARNING
If you do not properly secure the safety seat, the child occupying the seat may be injured during a collision or sudden stop. An unsecured safety seat could also injure other passengers.
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R WARNING
Carefully follow all of the manufacturer’s instructions included with the safety seat you put in your vehicle. If you do not install and use the safety seat properly, the child may be injured in a sudden stop or collision.
[SS16390(R)05/96]
R WARNING
[SS16400(R)03/96]
[SS16500(R)03/96]
[SS16510(R)03/96]
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Rear-facing infant seats should not be placed in the front seat unless the passenger air bag deactivate switch is turned to OFF. In rear-facing infant seats, the infant’s head is closer to the passenger air bag. The force of the rapidly inflating air bag could push the top of the rear-facing seat against the vehicle seatback. Turning the passenger air bag deactivate switch to OFF will prevent the passenger air bag from deploying, avoiding any interaction between the passenger air bag and the rear-facing infant seat.
Installing Child Safety Seats in Combination Lap and Shoulder Belt Seating Positions
1. Position the child safety seat in a seat with a combination
lap and shoulder belt. If you choose to install a child safety seat in the front passenger seat, move the seat as far back as possible.
R WARNING
Keep the passenger air bag turned on unless there is a rear-facing infant seat installed in the front seat. When the passenger air bag switch is turned off, the passenger air bag will not inflate in a collision.
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2. Pull down on the shoulder belt and then grasp the shoulder
belt and lap belt together.
art:0011238-C
Pulling out belt webbing
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Seating and Safety Restraints
3. While holding the shoulder and lap belt portions together,
route the tongue through the child seat according to the child seat manufacturer’s instructions. Be sure the belt webbing is not twisted.
art:0011239-C
Routing the lap/shoulder belt
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4. Insert the belt tongue into the proper buckle for that seating position until you hear and feel the latch engage. Make sure the tongue is latched securely by pulling on it.
art:0011240-B
Buckling the belt
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Seating and Safety Restraints
5. Grasp the shoulder portion of the belt and pull downward until all of the belt retracted and a click is heard to put the retractor in the automatic locking mode.
art:0011241-B
Setting the retractor to automatic locking mode
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6. Allow the belt to retract. The belt will click as it retracts to
indicate it is in the automatic locking mode.
art:0011242-B
Allowing shoulder belt to retract
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7. Pull the lap belt portion across the child seat toward the
buckle and pull up on the shoulder belt while pushing down on the child seat.
art:0011243-A
Removing slack from the belt
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8. Allow the safety belt to retract to remove any slack in the
belt.
9. Before placing the child in the seat, forcibly tilt the seat
forward and back to make sure the seat is securely held in place.
Checking that the seat is secure
10. Try to pull belt out of the retractor to make sure the
retractor is in the automatic locking mode (you should not be able to pull more belt out). If the retractor is not locked, unbuckle the belt and repeat steps 2 through 9.
To remove the retractor from automatic locking mode, allow webbing to retract fully to its stowed position and the retractor will automatically switch back to the vehicle sensitive locking mode for normal adult usage.
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Seating and Safety Restraints
Attaching Safety Seats With Tether Straps
General Instructions
Some manufacturers make safety seats that include a tether strap that goes over the back of the vehicle seat and attaches to an anchoring point. Other manufacturers offer the tether strap as an accessory. Contact the manufacturer of your child safety seat for information about ordering a tether strap.
You can attach a tether strap anchor bracket to the cab inner back panel by using a tether anchor kit (613D74) available at no charge from any Ford dealer.
Read and follow the instructions provided with the kit carefully, for installation of the child tether strap anchor.
Follow the child seat manufacturer’s instructions to attach the tether strap to the tether bracket.
WARNING
Only use the tether attachment hole locations shown in the illustrations. The tether anchor may not perform properly if the wrong mounting location is used.
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In SuperCabs equipped with Center Facing Jump Seats, the tether strap anchor bracket should be installed only at the center of the cab’s back panel with the child seat in the front center seating position. Installing an anchor bracket at the right rear of the cab may increase risk of injury to an occupant of the right rear center facing jump seat in the event of a collision or sudden stop. If a tethered child seat is installed in the right front seating position, secure the tether strap to the webbing of the buckled right rear lap belt.
WARNING
Do not install a child seat in a center facing jump seat.
Safety Belts for Children Children who are too large for child safety seats should always wear safety belts. (See instructions with your child seat, or contact its manufacturer, to determine maximum size of child that will safely fit in the seat.)
WARNING
If safety belts are not properly worn and adjusted as described, the risk of serious injury to the child in a collision will be much greater.
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Seating and Safety Restraints
If the shoulder belt portion of one of the lap and shoulder belts can be positioned so that it does not cross or rest in front of the child’s face or neck, the child should wear the lap and shoulder belt. Moving the child closer to the center of the vehicle may help provide a good shoulder belt fit. To improve the fit of lap and shoulder belts on children who have outgrown child safety seats, Ford recommends use of a belt-positioning booster seat that is labelled as conforming to all Federal motor vehicle safety standards. Belt-positioning booster seats raise the child and provide a shorter, firmer seating cushion that encourages safer seating posture and better fit of lap and shoulder belts on the child. A belt-positioning booster should be used if the shoulder belt rests in front of the child’s face or neck, or if the lap belt does not fit snugly on both thighs, or if the thighs are too short to let the child sit all the way back on the seat cushion when the lower legs hang over the edge of the seat cushion. You may wish to discuss the specific needs of your child with your pediatrician. Lap belts and the lap belt portion of lap and shoulder belts should always be worn snugly and below the hips, touching the child’s thighs.
WARNING
Children should always ride with the seatback in the fully upright position.
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Starting
Fuel-Injected Engines When starting a fuel-injected engine, the most important thing to remember is to avoid pressing down on the accelerator before or during starting. Only use the accelerator when you have problems getting your vehicle started. See Starting Your Engine in this chapter for details about when to use the accelerator while you start your vehicle. Starting Your Vehicle Preparing to Start Your Vehicle
WARNING
Do not start your vehicle in a closed garage or in other enclosed areas. Exhaust fumes can be toxic. Always open the garage door before you start the engine.
Before you start your vehicle, do the following: 1. Make sure all occupants in the vehicle buckle their safety
belts. See Safety Restraints in the Index for more details.
2. Make sure the headlamps and other accessories are turned
off when starting.
3. If you have an automatic transmission, make sure that the
gearshift lever is in P (Park) and the parking brake is set before you turn the key.
4. If you have a manual transmission, make sure that the
parking brake is fully set, push the clutch pedal to the floor, and put the gearshift into Neutral before you turn the key. (Remember, the starter will operate only if the clutch pedal is pushed in all the way).
Before you start your vehicle, you should test the warning lights on the instrument panel to make sure that they work. Refer to the Instrumentation chapter.
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Starting Your Engine To start your engine: 1. Follow the steps under Preparing to Start Your Vehicle at the
beginning of this section.
2. Turn the ignition key to the ON position. 3. DO NOT depress the accelerator pedal when starting your
engine. DO NOT use the accelerator while the vehicle is parked.
4. Turn the key to the START position (cranking) until the engine starts. Allow the key to return to the ON position after the engine has started. If you have difficulty in turning the key, rotate the steering wheel slightly because it may be binding.
For a cold engine: n At temperatures 10˚F (-12˚C) and below: If the engine does not start in fifteen (15) seconds on the first try, turn the key to OFF, wait approximately ten (10) seconds so you do not flood the engine, then try again.
n At temperatures above 10˚F (-12˚C): If the engine does not
start in five (5) seconds on the first try, turn the key to OFF, wait approximately ten (10) seconds so you do not flood the engine, then try again.
For a warm engine: n Do not hold the key in the START position for more than
five (5) seconds at a time. If the engine does not start within five (5) seconds on the first try, turn the key to the OFF position. Wait a few seconds after the starter stops, then try again.
Whenever you start your vehicle, release the key as soon as the engine starts. Excessive cranking could damage the starter.
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Starting
After starting, allow the engine to idle for a few seconds before driving away. If the engine does not start after two attempts: 1. Turn the ignition key to the OFF position. 2. Press the accelerator all the way to the floor and hold it. 3. Turn the ignition key to the START position. 4. Release the ignition key when the engine starts. 5. Release the accelerator gradually as the engine speeds up. If the engine still does not start, the fuel pump shut-off switch may have been activated. For directions on how to reset the switch see Fuel Pump Shut-Off Switch in the index. A computer system controls the engine’s idle speed. When you start your vehicle, the engine’s idle speed normally runs high. These faster engine speeds will make your vehicle coast slightly faster than its normal idle speed. It should, however, slow down after a short time. If it does not, have the idle speed checked. If the engine idle speed does not slow down automatically, do not allow your vehicle to idle for more than 10 minutes. Have the vehicle checked.
WARNING
Extended idling at high engine speeds can produce very high temperatures in the engine and exhaust system, creating the risk of fire or other damage.
WARNING
Do not park, idle, or drive your vehicle in dry grass or other dry ground cover. The emission system heats up the engine compartment and exhaust system, which can start a fire.
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If you consistently start your vehicle in subzero temperatures, use an engine block heater (if your vehicle has this option). Engine Block Heater (If equipped) Engine block heaters are strongly recommended if you live in a region where temperatures reach Ҁ20˚F (Ҁ29˚C) or below consistently during the winter months. An engine block heater warms the engine coolant, which improves starting, warms up the engine faster, and allows the heater-defrost system to respond quickly.
WARNING
To prevent electrical shock, do not use your heater with ungrounded electrical systems or two-pronged (cheater) adapters.
For best results, plug the heater in at least three hours before you start your vehicle. Using the heater for longer than three hours will not damage the engine, so you can plug it in at night to start your vehicle the following morning. NOTE: Be sure to disconnect the engine block heater before
driving your vehicle.
If the Engine Cranks but Does Not Start or Does Not Start After a Collision The Fuel Pump Shut-off Switch If the engine cranks but does not start or does not start even after a small collision, the fuel pump shut-off switch may have been activated. The shut-off switch is a device intended to stop the electric fuel pump when your vehicle has been involved in a substantial jolt. Refer to the Roadside emergencies section for more information. Once the shut-off switch is activated, you must reset the switch by hand before you can start your vehicle.
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Starting
Fuel pump shut-off switch location
WARNING
If you see or smell fuel, do not reset the switch or try to start your vehicle. Have all the passengers get out of the vehicle and call the local fire department or a towing service.
If your engine cranks but does not start after a collision or substantial jolt:
1. Turn the key in the ignition to OFF.
2. Check under the vehicle for leaking fuel.
3. If you do not see or smell fuel, push the red reset button
down. If the button is already set, you may have a different mechanical problem.
4. Turn the ignition key ON for a few seconds, then turn it
OFF.
5. Check under the vehicle again for leaking fuel. If you see or
smell fuel, do not start your vehicle again. If you do not see or smell fuel, you can try to start your vehicle again.
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6. Check all vehicle warning lights before driving your vehicle.
Reset button for fuel pump shut-off switch Guarding Against Exhaust Fumes Carbon monoxide, although colorless and odorless, is present in exhaust fumes. Take precautions to avoid its dangerous effects.
WARNING
Do not start your vehicle in a closed garage or in other enclosed areas. Exhaust fumes can be toxic. Always open the garage door before you start the engine.
WARNING
If you smell exhaust fumes inside your vehicle, have your dealer inspect your vehicle immediately. Do not drive if you smell exhaust fumes.
Have the exhaust and body ventilation systems checked whenever: n your vehicle is raised for service n the sound of the exhaust system changes n your vehicle has been damaged in a collision Improve your ventilation by keeping all air inlet vents clear of snow, leaves, and other debris.
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Starting
If the engine is idling while you are stopped in an open area for long periods of time, open the windows at least one inch (2.5 cm). Also, adjust the heating or air conditioning system to bring in outside air. n HEATING — Set fan speed to medium or high, the function
control knob on any position except OFF and the temperature control knob on any desired position.
n AIR CONDITIONING — Set fan speed to medium or high with the function control knob on any position (except OFF or MAX A/C) and the temperature control knob at a comfortable level.
Removing the Key From the Ignition Procedures for removing your key from the ignition will vary, depending on the type of gearshift your vehicle has. Gearshift levers may be mounted on the steering column or on the floor or console.
If you have a manual transmission, you have a key release lever which allows you to remove your key from the ignition. The key release lever is on the upper right of the steering column, just above the key lock cylinder.
If your vehicle’s gearshift lever is mounted on the column:
1. Put the gearshift in P (Park).
2. Set the parking brake fully before removing your foot from
the service brake. (This will avoid “binding” or “loading” the park gear if you park on a grade.)
3. Turn the ignition key to LOCK.
4. Remove the key.
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If your vehicle’s gearshift lever is mounted on the floor:
1. Put the gearshift in 1 (First).
2. Turn the ignition key to OFF.
3. Set the parking brake fully before removing your foot from
the service brake.
4. Push and hold in the key release button.
5. Turn the key to LOCK.
6. Remove the key.
WARNING
Always set the parking brake fully and make sure that the gearshift is latched in P (Park) (automatic transmission) or 1 (First) (manual transmission).
WARNING
Do not leave children, unreliable adults, or pets unattended in your vehicle.
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Driving
Brakes Front Disc Brakes The front disc brakes are self-adjusting. They do not require service other than periodic inspection for pad wear. Rear Drum Brakes The rear drum brakes are self-adjusting. Automatic adjustment occurs when the brakes are applied while “backing up.” If normal operation does not include much backing, adjust the brakes when they seem “low,” using the procedure under If Brakes Do Not Grip Well or Pedal is “Low” in this chapter. Hydraulic Power Brakes The hydraulic brake system is made up of two independent hydraulic circuits. One hydraulic circuit supplies fluid to the front disc brakes and the other hydraulic circuit supplies fluid to the rear drum or disc brakes. These two circuits are supplied by a common hydraulic brake fluid reservoir, with a fluid level sensor. Occasional brake noise is normal and does not indicate a performance concern with the vehicle’s brake system. In normal operation, automotive brake systems may emit occasional or intermittent squeal or groan noises when the brakes are applied. Such noises are usually heard during the first few brake applications in the morning; however, they may be heard at any time while braking and can be aggravated by environmental conditions such as cold, heat, moisture, road dust, salt or mud. If a “metal-to-metal” or “continuous grinding” sound is present while braking, the brake linings may be worn-out and should be inspected by a qualified service technician. The brake light in the instrument cluster will light for low brake fluid in the common brake fluid reservoir.
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WARNING
An increase in pedal travel will result in reduced braking capability. The brake system should be checked immediately.
Rear Anti-lock Brakes Your vehicle may be equipped with a Rear Anti-lock Brake System. This system prevents at least one and often both rear wheels from completely locking up when the brakes are applied in a panic stop, for example. On vehicles equipped with an antilock braking system (ABS), a noise from the hydraulic pump motor and pulsation in the pedal may be observed during ABS braking events. Pedal pulsation coupled with noise while braking under panic conditions or on loose gravel, wet or snowy roads is normal and indicates proper functioning of the vehicle’s antilock brake system. If the vehicle has continuous vibration or shudder while braking, felt mainly in the steering wheel, the vehicle most likely needs service. Even with the Anti-lock Brake System, you should be careful when braking. Front brake lock up on any surface, even on smooth pavement causes loss of steering control. Heavy braking on roads with loose surfaces such as snow or gravel, or severe pavement irregularities could also cause you to lose steering control of your vehicle.
WARNING
If the anti-lock brake system warning light remains on or comes on while driving, have the braking system checked by a qualified service technician as soon as possible.
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Driving
NOTE: If a fault occurs in the anti-lock system, and the brake
warning light is not lit, the anti-lock system is disabled but normal brake function remains operational.
Four Wheel Anti-lock Brake System Your vehicle may be equipped with a Four Wheel Anti-lock Braking System (4WABS). The 4WABS helps the driver to maintain vehicle control by preventing wheel lockup during hard braking. The 4WABS operates with a computer that is able to optimize vehicle control during braking on varying tire and road conditions by modulating the brake pressure at each of the front wheels and the rear axle. This “pumping action” is similar to the driver “pumping” the brakes but happens at a much faster rate.
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WARNING
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The Anti-lock system does NOT assist the vehicle in stopping quickly on wet or icy surfaces. Heavy braking combined with poor road conditions could cause you to lose steering control of your vehicle.
Using anti-lock brakes The operation of a vehicle with 4WABS is not similar to the operation of normal brakes. Some differences exist and are listed below: n Apply the brake steadily. In the event of a panic stop, do NOT “pump” the brakes. “Pumping” the brakes during an Anti-lock stop will diminish braking effectiveness.
n During an Anti-lock stop, the driver will notice a brake
pedal pulsation and hear some noise from the engine compartment. This is an indication that the 4WABS system is working correctly and is normal.
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The Anti-lock system does NOT decrease the time necessary to apply the brakes. Always leave enough room between the vehicle in front of you and your vehicle.
4WABS driver warning light The 4WABS computer continuously monitors the system while driving for any electrical faults or system malfunctions. In addition, the 4WABS computer performs an initial system check called bulb proveout when the vehicle ignition is switched on. During bulb proveout, the ABS light on the instrument cluster will momentarily illuminate and then go out. NOTE: After starting the vehicle and upon initial drive-off,
the driver may notice a single pulse of the brake pedal and a noise from the engine compartment. This is part of the initial system check and is normal.
Should a malfunction in the 4WABS system occur, the ABS light on the instrument cluster will come on and stay on indicating that the anti-lock system has been shut down and the vehicle needs to be serviced. Normal braking is not affected unless the brake warning light is also illuminated. NOTE: It is important to note that when the ABS Warning
Light is illuminated the ABS system is disabled. The vehicle must be serviced immediately to restore the benefits of the Anti-lock system.
NOTE: Mobile phones or radio transmitters not installed by
Ford Motor Company may interfere with the Anti-lock System. Should the Anti-lock system activate unexpectedly or the Anti-lock Warning Light illuminate after installation of such a unit, have the installation of the unit checked.
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Driving
If Brakes Do Not Grip Well or Pedal is “Low” If brakes do not grip well, it may indicate the rear drum brakes need adjustment. To do this, drive the vehicle in reverse at 5 mph (8 km/h) on level, dry pavement. Stop the vehicle by firmly applying the brakes. Repeat this procedure four or five times. If during normal operation the brake pedal seems “low”, it may indicate the need for a brake system inspection and/or service. You should have your brakes checked as soon as possible. Occasional brake squeal during light to moderate stops does not affect the function of the brake system and is normal. However, if the squeal becomes louder or more frequent, have your brakes inspected by your dealer or a qualified service technician.
WARNING
Modifications to the suspension spring rates and/or vehicle ride height may adversely affect vehicle stopping ability.
If Brakes Pull n Check tire pressure. n Perform the self-adjustment procedure described under If
Brakes Do Not Grip Well or Pedal is “Low.”
If pull occurs during the first 500 miles (800 km), make 10
moderately fast stops from 40 mph (65 km/h) and then
perform the self-adjustment procedure above. It may be
necessary to repeat this operation to properly seat new brake
linings and pads.
Stopping Distances
Stopping distances vary with different loads and driving
conditions. Use caution when encountering new conditions and
acquaint yourself with vehicle performance. Take full advantage
of engine braking power when slowing down.
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Applying the Brakes Apply the brake pedal gradually. Use the “squeeze” technique — push on the brake pedal with a steadily increasing force. This allows the wheels to continue to roll while you are slowing down, which lets you steer properly. Do not drive with your foot resting on the brake pedal. This will increase your vehicle’s stopping distance and may also cause brake damage.
WARNING
If you are driving down a long or steep hill, shift to a lower gear. Do not apply your brakes continuously, as they may overheat and become less effective.
Using the Parking Brake The parking brake should be used whenever you park your vehicle. The parking brake pedal is suspended just below the bottom of the instrument panel to the left of service brake and/or clutch pedals. To set the parking brake while parking your vehicle, press the brake pedal with your right foot and hold it while you push the parking brake pedal down firmly and fully with your left foot.
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Driving
Parking brake
WARNING
Always set the parking brake fully and make sure that the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park) (automatic transmission) or in 1 (First) (manual transmission).
With the transfer case in N (Neutral), the vehicle is free to move with either the automatic transmission in P (Park) or with the manual transmission in any driving gear.
WARNING
Do not leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the N (Neutral) position. Always set the parking brake fully and turn off the ignition when leaving the vehicle.
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To release the parking brake, press the brake pedal with your right foot and hold the parking brake pedal down with your left foot while you pull the parking brake release lever. Lift your foot from the parking brake pedal after it is released.
WARNING
If the parking brake is fully released, but the Brake System light remains on, have the brakes checked immediately. They may not be working properly.
The parking brake is not designed to stop a moving vehicle, but you can use the parking brake to stop your vehicle in an emergency if the normal brakes fail. However, since the parking brake applies only the rear brakes, the stopping distance will increase greatly and the handling of your vehicle will be adversely affected. Steering Your Vehicle Your Ranger may have optional power steering. Power steering uses energy from the engine to help steer your vehicle. If the amount of effort needed to steer your vehicle changes at a constant vehicle speed, have the power steering system checked. If the power steering system breaks down (or if the engine is turned off), you can steer the vehicle manually but it takes more effort. Never hold the steering wheel to the extreme right or left for more than five seconds if the engine is running. This can damage the power steering pump. NOTE: After any severe impact such as striking large
potholes, sliding into curbs on icy roads, or a collision involving the front end, observe the steering wheel alignment. If the spokes of the steering wheel seem to be in a different position while going straight down the road, have the front suspension and steering checked for possible damage.
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Driving
Automatic Transmission Operation (4R44E/5R55E) If your vehicle is equipped with an automatic transmission, it will be either a four speed overdrive transmission (4R44E) or a five speed overdrive transmission (5R55E). All 2.3L and 3.0L engines use the 4R44E transmission, while all 4.0L engines use the 5R55E transmission. Both transmission types have a lockup torque converter. Transmission operation is controlled by the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). The PCM will automatically adjust transmission operation to make up for varying conditions. Several sensors located on the engine and transmission such as throttle position, engine speed, vehicle speed and transmission temperature are used by the PCM to shift the transmission into a higher or lower gear when required for the best performance and fuel economy. For example, you may notice that the transmission will upshift to a higher gear more quickly when the vehicle has not reached normal operating temperature. The PCM also controls the transmission’s Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) to further raise vehicle performance and fuel economy. The TCC will engage when the transmission operating temperature and other conditions determined by the PCM have been met. Engagement of the clutch may be noted as a decrease in engine speed. To help in troubleshooting, the PCM continually performs self-tests on the electronic control system and, if any faults are detected, stores them in memory. The Transmission Control Indicator Light (TCIL) (O/D OFF), which is located on the instrument cluster, may flash steadily if a malfunction has been detected. If the TCIL is flashing, contact your Ford dealer as soon as possible. If this condition persists, damage to the transmission could occur.
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art:0021373-A
Speed limiter All models are equipped with a Powertrain Control Module (PCM) which limits the maximum engine speed and thus road speed in top gear. Vehicle operation is normal since the controlled maximum speed is above posted highway speeds in North America. Power Braking Increasing the engine speed above idle without vehicle movement (such as holding the brake) in a forward or reverse gear causes transmission stall. NOTE: Continued operation in the stall condition can result
in transmission overheat, malfunction or fluid expulsion.
Automatic Overdrive Transmission Putting Your Vehicle in Gear Your vehicle’s gearshift is on the steering column. The transmission control switch is located on the end of the gearshift lever. You can put the gearshift in any of the several positions.
The positions of the column-mounted gearshift
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Driving
Transmission control switch (located on the end of the gearshift lever)
WARNING
Hold the brake pedal down while you move the gearshift lever from position to position. If you do not hold the brake pedal down, your vehicle may move unexpectedly and injure someone.
Once you place the gearshift securely into position, gradually release the brake pedal and use the accelerator as necessary. NOTE: Your vehicle is equipped with a brake-shift interlock feature. This feature prevents you from shifting from P (Park) unless you have the brake pedal depressed. (The ignition must be in the ON position.) If you cannot shift from P (Park) with the brake pedal depressed:
1. Apply the parking brake. 2. Remove the key. 3. Insert the key and rotate it one position clockwise (ignition
in the OFF position).
4. Apply the brake pedal and shift to N (Neutral). (If the vehicle is shifted back to P [Park], you must repeat the previous steps.) 5. Start the vehicle.
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If you need to shift out of P (Park) by using the alternate procedure described above, it is possible that a fuse has blown and that your brakelamps may also not be functional. Please refer to the chapter titled Roadside Emergencies in this Owner Guide for instructions on checking and replacing fuses.
WARNING
DO NOT DRIVE YOUR VEHICLE UNTIL YOU VERIFY THAT THE BRAKELAMPS ARE WORKING.
P (Park) Always come to a complete stop before you shift into P (Park). This position locks the transmission and prevents the rear wheels from turning. To securely latch the gearshift in the P (Park) position, pull it toward you, push it completely counterclockwise against the stop, and then push it toward the instrument panel. The gearshift is securely latched in P (Park) if you cannot rotate it in a clockwise direction without lifting it toward you.
WARNING
Always set the parking brake fully and make sure the gearshift is latched in P (Park). Turn off the ignition whenever you leave your vehicle.
WARNING
Never leave your vehicle unattended while it is running.
R (Reverse) With the gearshift in the R (Reverse) position, the vehicle will move backward. You should always come to a complete stop before shifting into or out of R (Reverse).
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Driving
N (Neutral) With the gearshift in the N (Neutral) position, the vehicle can be started and is free to roll. Hold the brake pedal down while in this position. With the transfer case in N (Neutral), the vehicle is free to move with either the automatic transmission in P (Park) or with the manual transmission in any driving gear.
WARNING
Do not leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the N (Neutral) position. Always set the parking brake fully and turn off the ignition when leaving the vehicle.
Driving (4R44E Transmission) When to usej (Overdrive) This is the normal driving position. As the vehicle picks up speed, automatic upshifts to second, third and fourth gears will occur when j (Overdrive) is chosen on the selector and the transmission control switch has not been pressed. The transmission will shift into the correct gear when the right speed is achieved, for the accelerator pedal position you have chosen. When to use Drive You will note there is not a drive position on your gearshift indicator. However, you will find a transmission control switch labeled O/D ON/OFF located on the end of the gearshift lever. Press this switch and the O/D OFF indicator light will illuminate on the instrument cluster. With overdrive cancelled and the O/D OFF indicator light illuminated, the transmission will operate in gears one through three. This is useful if you experience frequent downshift/upshift conditions, when operating with a heavy load or in hilly terrain, or if additional
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engine braking is useful. However, shift back to j (Overdrive) whenever practical for optimum powertrain cooling and fuel economy. This can be accomplished by pushing the transmission control switch again, to cancel the O/D OFF control and light.
Transmission control switch (located on the end of the gearshift lever) When starting your vehicle, the overdrive system will automatically be in the normal overdrive mode. When to use 2 (Second) Use 2 (Second) to start-up on slippery roads or to provide additional engine braking on downgrades. This position provides 2 (Second) gear operation only. When to use 1 (Low) Use 1 (Low) to provide maximum engine braking on steep downgrades. Upshifts from 1 (Low) can be made by manually shifting to 2 (Second) or j (Overdrive). Selection of 1 (Low) gear provides only low gear operation from start-up. Selection of 1 (Low) while at higher speeds provides a shift to second gear, and a shift to first gear will occur after the vehicle decelerates to the proper speed. Forced Downshifts To gain extra acceleration in j (Overdrive) or Drive (O/D OFF), push the accelerator to the floor. The transmission will automatically downshift to the appropriate gear: third, second or first.
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Driving
Driving (5R55E Transmission) When to use j (Overdrive) This is the normal driving position. As the vehicle picks up speed, automatic upshifts to second, third, fourth and fifth gears will occur when j (Overdrive) is chosen on the selector and the transmission control switch has not been pressed. The transmission will shift into the correct gear when the right speed is achieved, for the accelerator pedal position you have chosen. When to use Drive You will note there is not a drive position on your gearshift indicator. However, you will find a transmission control switch labeled OD ON/OFF located on the end of the gearshift lever. With overdrive canceled and the OD ON/OFF illuminated, the transmission will operate in gears one through four. This is useful if you experience frequent downshift/upshift conditions, when operating a heavy load or in hilly terrain, or if additional engine braking is useful. However, shift back to j (Overdrive) whenever practical for optimum powertrain cooling and fuel economy. This can be accomplished by pushing the transmission control switch again, to cancel the OVERDRIVE OFF control and light. When to use 2 (Second) With the gearshift in the 2 (Second) position, more engine braking is provided. Use the 2 (Second) position to drive up moderately steep grades, to start up slippery roads, or to provide moderate engine braking on downgrades. DO NOT GO FASTER THAN 55 mph (88 km/h) IN THIS GEARSHIFT POSITION.
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When to use 1 (Low)
With the gearshift in the 1 (First) position, maximum engine
braking is provided. This position provides 1 (First) gear
operation only with no automatic upshifts. To obtain upshifts,
the gearshift must be moved out of this position. Use the 1
(First) position to drive up steep grades or to provide maximum
engine braking on downgrades.
Forced Downshifts
To gain acceleration in j (Overdrive) or Drive (O/D OFF)
when passing another vehicle, push the accelerator to the floor.
The transmission will downshift to the appropriate gear: fourth,
third, second or first gear.
Traction-Lok Rear Axle (If equipped)
This axle provides added drive away traction on slippery
surfaces, particularly when one or more wheels are on a surface
with poor traction.
Extended use of other than matching size tires on a
Traction-Lok rear axle could result in a permanent reduction in
effectiveness. This loss of effectiveness does not affect normal
driving and should not be noticeable to the driver.
Manual Transmission Operation
Using the Clutch
Make sure the gearshift lever is in the N (Neutral) position and
your right foot is holding down the brake pedal. Then press the
clutch pedal to the floor with your left foot. Manual
transmission vehicles have a starter interlock switch. The starter
will not crank until the clutch pedal is fully depressed. Start the
engine and allow it to idle for a few seconds. Move the
gearshift into 1 (First) or R (Reverse).
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Driving
To move the vehicle, release the clutch slowly and at the same time press down slowly on the accelerator so that the vehicle accelerates. Do not drive with your foot resting on the clutch pedal and do not use the clutch to hold your vehicle at a standstill while waiting on a hill. These actions will seriously reduce clutch life. Driving with your foot resting on the clutch may cause the vehicle to jerk sharply when pressing or removing your other foot from the accelerator. Shifting the Gears The gearshift for a manual transmission is mounted on the floor. The gearshift pattern consists of seven positions: Neutral, five forward gears, and Reverse.
5-Speed Overdrive manual transmission shift pattern Backing up To shift into R (Reverse): 1. Push the clutch pedal in all the way to the floor and hold it. If you do not hold the clutch pedal in all the way, you may hear a grinding noise when you shift.
2. Bring your vehicle to a complete stop. Failure to do so may cause synchronizer teeth damage, reducing the useful life of your transmission.
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3. Put the gearshift in Neutral and wait at least 3 seconds
before shifting into R (Reverse) to prevent a grinding noise. Do not release the clutch.
4. Push the gearshift all the way to the right and pull it back
into Reverse.
With the 5-speed transmission you can engage R (Reverse) only by moving the gearshift from the left of 3 (Third) and 4 (Fourth) gears before you shift into R (Reverse). This is a special lockout feature that protects you from accidentally shifting into R when you downshift from 5 (Fifth) gear. 5. Once R (Reverse) is engaged, slowly release the clutch pedal
from the floor.
If R (Reverse) is not engaged, continue to push the clutch pedal in while you put the gearshift back into Neutral. Then, release the clutch pedal for a moment and repeat steps 2 through 5. Upshifting/downshifting Upshift and downshift at the speeds that are specified in the charts.
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Recommended Shift Speeds Engines with 5-Speed Manual Overdrive Transmission
Driving
thirty pica
chart:0021181-E
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When you slow down or climb a steep hill, always downshift before the engine starts to lose power. Downshifting reduces the chance of stalling and gives your vehicle better acceleration to increase speed again. When you drive down steep hills, downshifting helps you keep a safe speed and helps prevent unnecessary wear on the brakes. When you come to a stop, do not downshift through each gear. Disengage the clutch and use the brake as necessary. Downshifting through the gears decreases your vehicle’s fuel economy.
WARNING
Continued use of a damaged or worn clutch, prolonged clutch slippage or downshifting at excessive speeds can result in a failure of the engine, transmission or clutch components.
Transmission Function Upshift at the speeds specified in the chart. All forward gears are synchronized allowing you to shift into them with your vehicle in motion. The clutch pedal should be fully depressed when shifting. NOTE: Shifting during extremely low RPMs can result in a
momentary audible rattle which disappears as vehicle RPMs are increased. Shifting at higher speeds will eliminate this sound.
Parking To park your vehicle, apply the service brake pedal, and shift into N (Neutral) while still maintaining pressure on the service brake. Set the parking brake fully. Shift into first and turn off the ignition.
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Driving
WARNING
Do not park your vehicle in Neutral, it may move unexpectedly and injure someone. Use 1 (First) gear and set the parking brake fully.
With the transfer case in N (Neutral), the vehicle is free to move with either the automatic transmission in P (Park) or with the manual transmission in any driving gear.
WARNING
Do not leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the N (Neutral) position. Always set the parking brake fully and turn off the ignition when leaving the vehicle.
Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) System (If equipped) When you select the 4WD mode, your vehicle uses all four wheels to power itself. This increases traction, enabling you to drive your 4x4 over terrain and road conditions not travelled normally by two-wheel drive vehicles. Power is supplied to all four wheels through a transfer case that allows you to select four-wheel drive when necessary. Methods for engaging and disengaging 4WD and low range will depend on which system your vehicle has. 4WD Systems — Select Drive Electric Shift The select drive electric shift system functions in three modes. In two-wheel drive mode, power is delivered only to the rear axle at normal road speed. The 4x4 HIGH position provides four-wheel drive with power delivered to the front and rear axles for increased traction. The 4x4 LOW position provides four-wheel drive with power delivered to the front and rear axles when above average power is required at reduced speeds.
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Four-wheel drive operation (4x4 HIGH or 4x4 LOW) on dry pavement is not recommended. Operating the vehicle in four-wheel drive on dry pavement will increase noise, vibration, tire wear, decrease fuel economy, and make four-wheel drive disengagement difficult for the transfer case. Electric shift system indicator lights A 4WD indicator light and a 4WD LOW indicator light are located in the instrument cluster. If either light flashes, take your vehicle in for service. n Two-Wheel Drive mode — Neither the 4WD nor the 4WD
LOW lights are lit.
n 4WD High — Only the 4WD light is lit. n 4WD LOW mode — Both the 4WD and 4WD LOW lights
are lit.
To shift from Two-Wheel Drive to 4WD High: To shift into 4WD High rotate the 4WD switch located on the instrument panel to 4x4 High. This shift can be done at a stop or at speeds up to 55 miles per hour (88 km/h). When the vehicle is driven, the automatic locking hubs will engage. If the vehicle is stopped while in 4WD and the vehicle direction is reversed from the previous direction, the automatic locking hubs will momentarily disengage and re-engage. The automatic locking hubs may click as they automatically engage in the new direction.
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Driving
Select drive rotary switch
At extremely low temperatures, it may be necessary to slow
down or even stop to shift from two wheel drive to 4WD.
The initial shift from two-wheel drive to 4WD while the vehicle
is moving can cause some momentary clunk and ratcheting
sounds. This is the front drivetrain coming up to speed and the
automatic locking hubs engaging and is not a cause for concern.
Because of possible damage to powertrain components, never
shift from two-wheel drive to 4WD with the rear wheels
slipping.
To shift from 4WD High to Two-Wheel Drive:
Rotate the 4WD switch to 2WD; the 4WD light on the
instrument cluster will go out, indicating the vehicle is in
two-wheel drive. This can be done at any speed. To disengage
the automatic locking hubs, operate the vehicle in two-wheel
drive in the opposite direction for approximately 10 feet (3
meters) in a straight line.
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For example:
If you were driving the vehicle forward in 4WD, the automatic locking hubs will disengage the next time the vehicle is driven in reverse in two-wheel drive for approximately 10 feet (3 meters) in a straight line. If you were driving the vehicle in reverse in 4WD, the automatic locking hubs will disengage the next time the vehicle is driven forward in two-wheel drive for approximately 10 feet (3 meters) in a straight line.
Operating in two-wheel drive mode with the hubs locked
increases fuel consumption, noise, vibration, and wear. For
prolonged two-wheel drive operation on dry pavement,
disengagement of the automatic locking hubs, which is not
required for two-wheel drive operation, stops all movement of
front-wheel drive components while operating in two-wheel
drive.
During axle break-in or operation in extremely cold
temperatures, the automatic locking hubs may not release
completely. It may be necessary to drive the vehicle for 10 to 15
minutes before repeating the release procedure.
To shift from 4x4 HIGH or 2WD to 4x4 LOW:
Stop the vehicle, depress the brake and place the automatic
transmission in N (Neutral) or depress the clutch on vehicles
with a manual transmission. Rotate the 4WD switch on the
instrument panel to 4x4 LOW. Both the 4WD and 4WD LOW
lights are now lit.
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Driving
To shift from 4x4 LOW to 4x4 HIGH or 2WD: Stop the vehicle, depress the brake and place the automatic transmission into N (Neutral) or depress the clutch on vehicles with a manual transmission. Rotate the 4WD switch on the instrument panel to 4x4 HIGH or 2WD. It is not recommended to operate the vehicle in the 4WD modes with a temporary spare. If 4WD operation is necessary, do not operate at speeds above 10 mph or for distances above 50 miles. Extended operation in 4WD with a temporary spare may result in damage to drivetrain components. 4x4 Systems — Lever Operated The lever operated transfer case can be placed into four positions. The 2H position is the two-wheel drive position in which power is delivered only to the rear axle. The 4H position provides four-wheel drive with power delivered to the front and rear axles for increased traction. The 4L position provides four-wheel drive with power delivered to the front and rear axles when the above average power is required at reduced speeds. In the N (neutral) position, there is no power delivered to either axle.
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[GF17020(R)05/96]
24 pica art:0090170-A
*[GF17030(R)05/96]
Transfer case selections Four-wheel drive operation (4H or 4L) on dry pavement is not recommended. Operating the vehicle in four-wheel drive on dry pavement will increase tire wear, decrease fuel economy, and make four-wheel drive disengagement difficult for the transfer case.
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[GF17040(R)05/96]
[GF17050(R)05/96]
[GF17060(R)05/96]
[GF17070(R)05/96]
[GF17080(R)05/96]
[GF17090(R)05/96]
*[GF17100(R)05/96] *[GF17110(R)05/96]
[GF17120(R)05/96]
10-1/2 pica
art:0021182-A
[GF17130(R)05/96]
Driving
4WD system indicator lights A 4WD light and a 4WD LOW light are located in the instrument cluster. n 2H position — Neither the 4WD or the 4WD LOW lights are
lit.
n 4H position — Only the 4WD light is lit. n N position — Neither the 4WD or 4WD LOW lights are lit. n 4L position — Both the 4WD and the 4WD LOW lights are
lit.
To shift from 2H to 4H: Stop the vehicle and engage the manual locking hubs by turning both hub lock selector knobs clockwise to the LOCK position. Move the transfer case shift lever straight back to the 4H position. After both hubs have been turned to the LOCK position, shifts between 2H and 4H (or 4H to 2H) may take place at any speed.
Locking hub positions
NOTE: Do not drive the vehicle in 4H or 4L with the manual
locking hubs in the FREE position.
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[GF17140(R)05/96]
*[GF17150(R)05/96] *[GF17160(R)05/96]
*[GF17170(R)05/96]
*[GF17180(R)05/96] [GF17190(R)05/96]
[GF17200(R)05/96]
[GF17210(R)05/96]
NOTE: Do not drive the vehicle with the left and right manual locking hubs set to different positions.
To shift from 4H to 2H: Move the transfer case shift lever forward to the 2H position. This can be done at any speed. However, the front driveline will remain engaged to the front wheels until the manual locking hubs are disengaged. To disengage the manual locking hubs, stop the vehicle and rotate both hub lock selector knobs counterclockwise to the FREE position. Operating in 2H with the hubs in the LOCK position increases fuel consumption, noise, vibration, and wear. For prolonged 2H operation on dry pavement, set the manual locking hubs to the FREE position. To shift between 4H and 4L: Stop the vehicle and place the automatic transmission into N (Neutral) or depress the clutch on vehicles with a manual transmission. Pull the transfer case shift lever to the left and shift the transfer case to the desired 4H or 4L position. This shift should be with one continuous motion without pausing in the N position. Pausing in the neutral position can result in gear clash and difficult shifting. If while shifting between 4H and 4L, the transfer case gets stuck in the N position or is difficult to shift into either 4H or 4L, it may be necessary to let the vehicle roll slightly and/or turn off the engine (particularly on vehicles equipped with automatic transmissions). To shift between N (Neutral) and either 4H or 4L To shift into N (Neutral), stop the vehicle and engage the parking brake. Place the automatic transmission into N (Neutral) or depress the clutch on manual transmission vehicles. From either the 4H or 4L position, pull the transfer case shift lever to the left and move the transfer case shift lever to the N (Neutral) position. The N (Neutral) position should only be used for vehicle towing.
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*[GF17220(R)05/96]
*[GF17230(R)05/96]
*[GF17240(R)05/96]
[GF19200(R)05/96]
[GF19300(R)05/96]
[GF19500(R)01/96]
*[GF19600(R)01/96] *[GF19700(R)01/96]
Driving
With the transfer case in N (Neutral), the vehicle is free to move with either the automatic transmission in P (Park) or with the manual transmission in any driving gear.
WARNING
Do not leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the N (Neutral) position. Always set the parking brake fully and turn off the ignition when leaving the vehicle.
To shift from N (Neutral) to either 4H or 4L, stop the vehicle and engage the parking brake. Place the automatic transmission into N (Neutral) or depress the clutch on manual transmission vehicles. Push the transfer case shift lever to the desired position. If it is difficult to shift into either 4H or 4L, it may be necessary to let the vehicle roll slightly and/or turn off the engine (particularly on vehicles equipped with automatic transmissions). Driving Off Road with 4-Wheel Drive Vehicles equipped with four-wheel drive are especially equipped for driving on sand, snow, mud, or rough terrain and have operating characteristics that are somewhat different from conventional vehicles, both off and on the road. The driving tips below will help you learn to use four-wheel drive. n Do not use four-wheel drive on dry, hard-surfaced roads,
especially with a temporary spare tire in use.
n Special maintenance procedures are necessary after operating
with drive components in water.
n Manual locking hubs must be in LOCK position before
shifting into four-wheel drive.
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[GF19800(R)05/96]
*[GF19900(R)01/96]
[GF19925(R)01/96]
*[GF19930(R)05/96] [GF19940(R)05/96]
[GF19950(R)05/96]
*[GF19960(R)05/96]
When using four-wheel drive, maintain steering wheel control at all times, especially in rough terrain. Since sudden changes in terrain can result in abrupt steering wheel motion, make sure you grip the steering wheel rim from the outside. Do not grip the spokes. Drive cautiously to avoid vehicle damage from concealed objects such as rocks and stumps. Know the terrain or examine maps of the area in question before driving. Map out your route beforehand. To maintain steering and braking control of your vehicle, you must have all four tires on the ground, and they must be rolling, not sliding or spinning. Transmission upshift in 4WD with transfer case in 4WD LOW may be quite firm due to large total gear reduction. This condition is normal. Rocking the Vehicle If your vehicle gets stuck, engage 4WD LOW (for 4x4-equipped vehicles) and try to drive away. If your vehicle gets stuck in mud or snow, you may rock it out of the spot. Shift in a steady rhythm between forward and reverse gears. Allow the transmission to fully engage, then press lightly on the accelerator. Do not rock the vehicle for more than a few minutes. This may overheat the engine and transmission, causing damage to both. In addition, other vehicle systems and components may also be damaged.
WARNING
Do not spin the wheels at over 35 mph (55 km/h). The tires may fail and injure a passenger or bystander.
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*[GF20000(R)01/96] *[GF20100(R)01/96]
*[GF20200(R)01/96] *[GF20300(R)01/96]
*[GF20400(R)01/96]
*[GF20500(R)01/96]
*[GF20525(R)03/96]
Driving
Sand When driving over sand, try to keep all four wheels of the vehicle on the most solid area of the trail. Do not reduce the tire pressures but shift to a lower gear and drive steadily through the terrain. Apply accelerator slowly and avoid spinning the wheels. Mud and Water When driving through water, determine the depth; avoid water higher than the bottom of the hubs (if possible) and proceed slowly. If the ignition system gets wet, the vehicle may stall. Once through water, always try the brakes. Wet brakes do not stop the vehicle as effectively as dry brakes. Drying can be improved by moving your vehicle slowly, while applying light pressure on the brake pedal. After driving through mud, clean off residue stuck to rotating driveshafts and tires. Excess mud stuck on tires and rotating driveshafts causes an imbalance which could damage drive components. NOTE: If the transmission and transfer case is submerged in water, their fluids should be checked and changed, if necessary.
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*[GF20900(R)01/96]
*[GF21000(R)01/96]
*[GF21101(R)01/96] [GF21200(R)01/96]
*[GF21300(R)01/96]
*[GF21310(R)01/96]
Additional Special Driving Instructions for 4-Wheel Drive Vehicle Operators Driving on Hill or Slope Terrain When driving on a hill, avoid driving crosswise or turning on steep slopes; you could lose traction and slip sideways. Drive straight up, straight down or avoid the hill completely. Know the conditions on the other side of a hill before driving over the crest. When climbing a steep hill, start in a lower gear, rather than finding it necessary to downshift from a higher gear after the ascent has started. This reduces strain on the engine and the possibility of stalling. When descending a steep hill avoid sudden braking. Rapid pumping of the brake pedal will help slow the vehicle and still maintain steering control. Driving on Snow or Ice A four-wheel drive or all-wheel drive vehicle has advantages over two-wheel drive vehicles in snow and ice but can skid like any other vehicle. If so equipped, keep the vehicle in four-wheel drive if icy or slippery conditions exist. Avoid sudden applications of power and quick changes of direction on snow or ice. Apply the accelerator slowly and steadily when starting from a full stop. All utility-type and Four-Wheel Drive vehicles have special design and equipment features to make them capable of performing in a wide variety of off-road applications. Specific design characteristics give them higher centers of gravity than ordinary passenger cars.
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*[GF21325(R)01/96]
%*[GF28050(R)01/96] *[GF28101(R)01/96]
*[GF28150(R)01/96]
*[GF28201(R)01/96]
*[GF28350(R)05/96] [GF28400(R)01/96]
[GF28425(R)06/96]
Driving
WARNING
Utility and four-wheel drive vehicles are NOT designed for cornering at speeds as high as passenger cars any more than low-slung sports cars are designed to perform satisfactorily under off-road conditions. Avoid sharp turns or abrupt maneuvers in these vehicles.
Driving With a Heavy Load There are limits to the amount of weight your vehicle can carry or tow. The total weight of your vehicle, plus the weight of the passengers and cargo, should never be more than the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). Also, the weight that your vehicle carries over the front axle and rear axle should never be more than the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) for the respective axle. The weight limits of your vehicle’s tires affect the GVWR or GAWR limitations. Usage of replacement tires with higher weight limits than originals does not increase GVWR or GAWR. Usage of lower capacity replacement tires may lower GVWR and GAWR limitations.
WARNING
Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the Safety Compliance Certification Label.
Securing Loads in Cargo Area To prevent damage to the pickup box and cab, secure any movable cargo pieces using ropes or straps and the tie down holes in the stake pockets of the steel pickup box or the tie- down brackets inside the pickup box. The Splash pickup box contains additional tie-down hooks to secure cargo.
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[GF28450(R)01/96]
[GF28500(R)05/96]
17-1/2 pica
Secure all items in cargo area to prevent them from falling out and creating a safety hazard on the roadway.
art:0090120-D
[GF28575(R)01/96]
Cargo tie-down holes and brackets
10-1/2 pica
art:0020968-B