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type tire pressure gauge rather than a stick type tire pressure gauge. Use the recommended cold inflation pressure for optimum tire performance and wear. Under-inflation or over-inflation may cause uneven treadwear patterns.

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Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failures and may result in severe tire cracking, tread separation or ⬙blowout⬙,

with unexpected loss of vehicle control and increased risk of injury. Under-inflation increases sidewall flexing and rolling resistance, resulting in heat buildup and internal damage to the tire. It also may result in unnecessary tire stress, irregular wear, loss of vehicle control and accidents. A tire can lose up to half of its air pressure and not appear to be flat!

Always inflate your tires to the Ford recommended inflation pressure even if it is less than the maximum inflation pressure information found on the tire. The Ford recommended tire inflation pressure is found on the tire label or certification label which is located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door. Failure to follow the tire pressure recommendations can cause uneven treadwear patterns and adversely affect the way your vehicle handles. Maximum Permissible Inflation Pressure is the tire manufactures’ maximum permissible pressure and/or the pressure at which the maximum load can be carried by the tire. This pressure is normally higher than the manufacturer’s recommended cold inflation pressure which can be found on either the tire label or certification label which is located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door. The cold inflation pressure should never be set lower than the recommended pressure on the tire label or certification label. When weather temperature changes occur, tire inflation pressures also change. A 10° F (6° C) temperature drop can cause a corresponding drop of 1 psi (7 kPa) in inflation pressure. Check your tire pressures frequently and adjust them to the proper pressure which can be found on the tire label or certification label. If you are checking tire pressure when the tire is hot, (i.e. driven more than 1 mile [1.6 km]), never “bleed” or reduce air pressure. The tires are hot from driving and it is normal for pressures to increase above recommended cold pressures. A hot tire at or below recommended cold inflation pressure could be significantly under-inflated. To check the pressure in your tire(s): 1. Make sure the tires are cool, meaning they are not hot from driving even a mile. Note: If you have to drive a distance to get air for your tire(s), check and record the tire pressure first and add the appropriate air pressure

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when you get to the pump. It is normal for tires to heat up and the air pressure inside to go up as you drive. Never “bleed” or reduce air pressure when tires are hot. 2. Remove the cap from the valve on one tire, then firmly press the tire gauge onto the valve and measure the pressure. 3. Add enough air to reach the recommended air pressure Note: If you overfill the tire, release air by pushing on the metal stem in the center of the valve. Then recheck the pressure with your tire gauge. 4. Replace the valve cap. 5. Repeat this procedure for each tire, including the spare. Note: Some spare tires require higher inflation pressure than the other tires. Check the tire label on the B-pillar or the edge of the driver’s door for the recommended spare tire pressure. 6. Visually inspect the tires to make sure there are no nails or other objects embedded that could poke a hole in the tire and cause an air leak. 7. Check the sidewalls to make sure there are no gouges, cuts or bulges. TIRE REPLACEMENT REQUIREMENTS Your vehicle is equipped with tires designed to provide a safe ride and handling capability.

Only use replacement tires and wheels that are the same size and type (such as P-metric versus LT-metric or all-season versus

all-terrain) as those originally provided by Ford. Use of any tire or wheel not recommended by Ford can affect the safety and performance of your vehicle, which could result in an increased risk of loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal injury and death. Additionally the use of non-recommended tires and wheels could cause steering, suspension, axle or transfer case/power transfer unit failure. If you have questions regarding tire replacement, see an authorized Ford or Lincoln Mercury dealer.

Make sure all tires and wheels on the vehicle are of the same size, type, tread design, brand, load-carrying capacity and speed rating because it can affect the safety and performance of your vehicle, which could result in an increased risk of loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal injury and death. The tire pressure monitoring sensors mounted in the wheels (originally installed on your vehicle) are not designed to be used in after market wheels.

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The installation of replacement tires with steel cord body plies in the tire sidewall may cause malfunction of the Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS), and is not recommended (cord material information is molded on the tire sidewall). Additionally, if your vehicle was originally equipped with run-flat tires, replacing them with tires that are not identical to those originally fitted may cause malfunction of the TPMS, and is not recommended. Run-flat tires should not be used to replace regular tires. Always check your TPMS indicator immediately after replacing one or more tires on your vehicle. If the TPMS indicator is on, your TPMS is malfunctioning. Your replacement tire might be incompatible with your TPMS system, or some component of the TPMS system may be damaged. Important: Remember to replace the spare tire when you replace the road tires at the end of their useful life. Even if it has never been used, the spare tire should be replaced because tires degrade over time. Important: Remember to replace the wheel air valves when the road tires are replaced at the end of their useful life.

CHANGING THE TIRES If you get a flat tire while driving, do not apply the brake heavily. Instead, gradually decrease your speed. Hold the steering wheel firmly and slowly move to a safe place on the side of the road. Your vehicle may be equipped with a conventional spare tire that is different in one or more of the following: type, brand, size, speed rating and tread design. If this is the case, this dissimilar spare tire is still rated for your vehicle loads (GAWR and GVWR). Your vehicle is equipped with a spare wheel that does not match the road wheels and is not equipped with a Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) sensor.

The use of tire sealants may damage your tires. The use of tire sealants may also damage your Tire Pressure Monitoring System.

If your vehicle is equipped with a Tire Pressure Monitoring System, refer to Tire Pressure Monitoring System later in this chapter for important information. If the tire pressure monitor sensor becomes damaged, it will no longer function.

Dissimilar spare tire/wheel information (if equipped)

Failure to follow these guidelines could result in an increased risk of loss of vehicle control, injury or death.

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Your vehicle may be equipped with a dissimilar spare tire/wheel. A dissimilar spare tire/wheel is defined as a spare tire and/or wheel that is different in brand, size or appearance from the road tires and wheels. If you have a dissimilar spare tire/wheel, then it is intended for temporary use only. This means that if you need to use it, you should replace it as soon as possible with a road tire/wheel that is the same size and type as the road tires and wheels that were originally provided by Ford. If the dissimilar spare tire or wheel is damaged, it should be replaced rather than repaired. When driving with the dissimilar spare tire/wheel, do not: • Exceed 70 mph (113 km/h) • Use more than one dissimilar spare tire/wheel at a time • Use commercial car washing equipment • Use snow chains on the end of the vehicle with the dissimilar spare

tire/wheel

The usage of a dissimilar spare tire/wheel can lead to impairment of the following: • Handling, stability and braking performance • Comfort and noise • Ground clearance and parking at curbs • Winter weather driving capability • Wet weather driving capability • All-Wheel driving capability (if applicable) • Load leveling adjustment (if applicable) When driving with the dissimilar spare tire/wheel additional caution should be given to: • Towing a trailer • Driving vehicles equipped with a camper body • Driving vehicles with a load on the cargo rack Drive cautiously when using a dissimilar spare tire/wheel and seek service as soon as possible. Spare tire information Note: If your vehicle is equipped with the tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS), the system indicator light will illuminate when the spare is in use. To restore the full functionality of the TPMS system, all road wheels equipped with the tire pressure monitoring sensors must be mounted on the vehicle.

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If your vehicle is equipped with TPMS, have a flat tire serviced by a dealer or qualified technician in order to prevent damage to the TPMS sensor, refer to Changing tires with TPMS later in this chapter. Replace the spare tire with a road tire as soon as possible. Location of the spare tire and tools The spare tire and tools for your vehicle are stowed in the following locations:

Item

Spare tire

Location

Under the vehicle, just forward of the rear bumper

Jack tools and jacking instructions Under the access panel located in the floor compartment behind the rear seat

Removing the jack and tools 1. Open the liftgate, then locate the access panel on the floor behind the 3rd row seat. Unlatch and remove the panel. 2. Remove the jack and tools assembly tray from the compartment by turning the wing-nut counterclockwise to relieve tension against the jack assembly tray. 3. Unsnap the wheel lug nut wrench, jack extension and handle from the plastic tray. Remove the jack and instruction sheet from the tray assembly.

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Removing the spare tire 1. Fold the rear seat down. Refer to Rear seats in the Seating and safety restraints chapter. 2. Remove the jack handle and winch extension from the tray and assemble them. 3. Open the spare tire winch access plug in the bottom of the compartment located behind the 3rd row seat, very close to the jack and tools tray. 4. Insert the winch extension tool assembly through the access hole in the floor and engage the winch. 5. To remove the spare tire, turn the handle counterclockwise until the tire is lowered to the ground and the cable is slightly slack. 6. Slide the retainer through the center of the spare tire wheel. Tire change procedure

To help prevent the vehicle from moving when you change a tire, be sure the parking brake is set, then block (in both directions)

the wheel that is diagonally opposite (other side and end of the vehicle) to the tire being changed.

If the vehicle slips off the jack, you or someone else could be seriously injured.

On vehicles equipped with Air Suspension, turn OFF the Air Suspension switch prior to jacking, hoisting or towing your

vehicle.

If your vehicle is equipped with air suspension, refer to Air suspension (if equipped) in the Driving chapter for instructions on how to turn the system off. Refer to the instruction sheet (located in the rear floor compartment behind the 3rd row seat with the jack tray tools assembly kit) for detailed tire change instructions.

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1. Park on a level surface, activate hazard flashers and set the parking brake.

2. Place gearshift lever in P (Park), turn engine OFF and block the diagonally opposite wheel. (If changing the tire on a grade, block the diagonally opposite wheel on the downward side of the grade.) 3. Obtain the spare tire and jack tools from their storage locations. Turn off the air suspension switch (if equipped - the air suspension switch is located behind a trim panel on the left rear quarter trim panel. Refer to Air Suspension System in the Driving section for more information.). 4. Use the tip of the jack handle to remove any wheel trim. Loosen each wheel lug nut one-half turn counterclockwise but do not remove them until the wheel is raised off the ground.

5. Position the jack according to the jack locator arrows found on the frame and turn the jack handle and extension tool assembly clockwise. Note: Use the frame rail as the jacking location point, NOT the control arm.

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6. Lift the vehicle so the tire is no further than 1 inch (2.5 cm) off the ground when installing the spare tire.

When one of the rear wheels is off the ground, the transmission alone will not prevent the vehicle from moving or slipping off the

jack, even if the transmission is in P (Park). To prevent the vehicle from moving when you change the tire, be sure that the parking brake is set and the diagonally opposite wheel is blocked. If the vehicle slips off the jack, someone could be seriously injured.

• Front

• Rear

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To lessen the risk of personal injury, do not put any part of your body under the vehicle while changing a tire. Do not start the engine when your vehicle is on the jack. The jack is only meant for changing the tire.

• Never use the front or rear

differential as a jacking point.

7. Remove the lug nuts with the lug wrench. 8. Replace the flat tire with the spare tire, making sure the valve stem is facing outward. Reinstall the lug nuts until the wheel is snug against the hub. Do not fully tighten the lug nuts until the wheel has been lowered. 9. Lower the wheel by turning the jack handle counterclockwise. 10. Remove the jack and fully tighten the lug nuts in the order shown and reinstall the wheel cover. Refer to Wheel lug nut torque specifications later in this chapter for the proper lug nut torque specification. 11. Unblock the wheels. 12. Put flat tire, jack, lug wrench and tools away. Make sure the jack is fastened securely so it does not rattle when you drive. 13. Turn on the air suspension switch (if equipped). Stowing the spare tire 1. Lay the tire on the ground, near the rear of the vehicle, with the valve stem side facing up.

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2. Slide the wheel partially under the vehicle and install the retainer through the wheel center. After doing so, pull on the cable to align the components at the end of the cable. 3. Assemble the jack handle and winch extension (as shown in illustration), then insert the winch extension through the access hole behind the 3rd row seat and engage the winch. 4. Turn the jack handle clockwise until the tire is raised to its stowed position underneath the vehicle. The wrench will become harder to turn and the spare tire winch will ratchet or slip when the tire is raised to maximum tightness. A clicking sound will be heard from the winch indicating that the tire is properly stowed. 5. Disassemble the tools and snap them back into the tool tray. Close the access hole with the rubber plug. Reinstall the tray into the vehicle and secure it with the wing nut (turn clockwise until tight).

WHEEL LUG NUT TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS Retighten the lug nuts to the specified torque at 500 miles (800 km) after any wheel disturbance (tire rotation, changing a flat tire, wheel removal, etc.).

Bolt size

Wheel lug nut torque*

M14 x 2.0
* Torque specifications are for nut and bolt threads free of dirt and rust. Use only Ford recommended replacement fasteners.

lb.ft. 150

N•m 200

When a wheel is installed, always remove any corrosion, dirt or foreign materials present on the mounting surfaces of the wheel or the surface of the front disc brake hub and rotor that contacts the wheel. Installing wheels without correct metal-to-metal contact at the wheel mounting surfaces can cause the wheel nuts to loosen and the wheel to come off while the vehicle is in motion, resulting in loss of control.

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INFORMATION CONTAINED ON THE TIRE SIDEWALL Federal law requires tire manufacturers to place standardized information on the sidewall of all tires. This information identifies and describes the fundamental characteristics of the tire and also provides a U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number for safety standard certification and in case of a recall.

Information on “P” type tires P215/65R15 95H is an example of a tire size, load index and speed rating. The definitions of these items are listed below. (Note that the tire size, load index and speed rating for your vehicle may be different from this example.) 1. P: Indicates a tire, designated by the Tire and Rim Association (T&RA), that may be used for service on cars, SUVs, minivans and light trucks. Note: If your tire size does not begin with a letter this may mean it is designated by either ETRTO (European Tire and Rim Technical Organization) or JATMA (Japan Tire Manufacturing Association). 2. 215: Indicates the nominal width of the tire in millimeters from sidewall edge to sidewall edge. In general, the larger the number, the wider the tire. 3. 65: Indicates the aspect ratio which gives the tire’s ratio of height to width. 4. R: Indicates a “radial” type tire. 5. 15: Indicates the wheel or rim diameter in inches. If you change your wheel size, you will have to purchase new tires to match the new wheel diameter. 6. 95: Indicates the tire’s load index. It is an index that relates to how much weight a tire can carry. You may find this information in your Owner’s Guide. If not, contact a local tire dealer. Note: You may not find this information on all tires because it is not required by federal law.

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7. H: Indicates the tire’s speed rating. The speed rating denotes the speed at which a tire is designed to be driven for extended periods of time under a standard condition of load and inflation pressure. The tires on your vehicle may operate at different conditions for load and inflation pressure. These speed ratings may need to be adjusted for the difference in conditions. The ratings range from 81 mph (130 km/h) to 186 mph (299 km/h). These ratings are listed in the following chart. Note: You may not find this information on all tires because it is not required by federal law.

Letter rating

Speed rating - mph (km/h)

81 mph (130 km/h) 87 mph (140 km/h) 99 mph (159 km/h) 106 mph (171 km/h) 112 mph (180 km/h) 118 mph (190 km/h) 124 mph (200 km/h) 130 mph (210 km/h) 149 mph (240 km/h) 168 mph (270 km/h) 186 mph (299 km/h)

Note: For tires with a maximum speed capability over 149 mph (240
km/h), tire manufacturers sometimes use the letters ZR. For those with a maximum speed capability over 186 mph (299 km/h), tire manufacturers always use the letters ZR. 8. U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number (TIN): This begins with the letters “DOT” and indicates that the tire meets all federal standards. The next two numbers or letters are the plant code designating where it was manufactured, the next two are the tire size code and the last four numbers represent the week and year the tire was built. For example, the numbers 317 mean the 31st week of 1997. After 2000 the numbers go to four digits. For example, 2501 means the 25th week of 2001. The numbers in between are identification codes used for traceability. This information is used to contact customers if a tire defect requires a recall. 9. M+S or M/S: Mud and Snow, or AT: All Terrain, or AS: All Season.

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10. Tire Ply Composition and Material Used: Indicates the number of plies or the number of layers of rubber-coated fabric in the tire tread and sidewall. Tire manufacturers also must indicate the ply materials in the tire and the sidewall, which include steel, nylon, polyester, and others. 11. Maximum Load: Indicates the maximum load in kilograms and pounds that can be carried by the tire. Refer to the tire label or the safety certification label, which is located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door, for the correct tire pressure for your vehicle. 12. Treadwear, Traction and Temperature Grades • Treadwear: The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the

wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150
would wear one and one-half (11⁄2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. • Traction: The traction grades, from highest to lowest are AA, A, B,

and C. The grades represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance.

• Temperature: The temperature grades are A (the highest), B and C, representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel.

13. Maximum Permissible Inflation Pressure: Indicates the tire manufacturers’ maximum permissible pressure and/or the pressure at which the maximum load can be carried by the tire. This pressure is normally higher than the manufacturer’s recommended cold inflation pressure which can be found on either the tire label or certification label which is located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door. The cold inflation pressure should never be set lower than the recommended pressure on the vehicle label. The tire suppliers may have additional markings, notes or warnings such as standard load, radial tubeless, etc.

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Additional information contained on the tire sidewall for “LT” type tires “LT” type tires have some additional information beyond those of “P” type tires; these differences are described below: 1. LT: Indicates a tire, designated by the Tire and Rim Association (T&RA), that is intended for service on light trucks. 2. Load Range/Load Inflation Limits: Indicates the tire’s load-carrying capabilities and its inflation limits. 3. Maximum Load Dual lb. (kg) at psi (kPa) cold: Indicates the maximum load and tire pressure when the tire is used as a dual; defined as four tires on the rear axle (a total of six or more tires on the vehicle). 4. Maximum Load Single lb. (kg) at psi (kPa) cold: Indicates the maximum load and tire pressure when the tire is used as a single; defined as two tires (total) on the rear axle.

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Information on “T” type tires “T” type tires have some additional information beyond those of “P” type tires; these differences are described below: T145/80D16 is an example of a tire size. Note: The temporary tire size for your vehicle may be different from this example. 1. T: Indicates a type of tire, designated by the Tire and Rim Association (T&RA), that is intended for temporary service on cars, SUVs, minivans and light trucks. 2. 145: Indicates the nominal width of the tire in millimeters from sidewall edge to sidewall edge. In general, the larger the number, the wider the tire. 3. 80: Indicates the aspect ratio which gives the tire’s ratio of height to width. Numbers of 70 or lower indicate a short sidewall. 4. D: Indicates a “diagonal” type tire. R: Indicates a “radial” type tire. 5. 16: Indicates the wheel or rim diameter in inches. If you change your wheel size, you will have to purchase new tires to match the new wheel diameter.

Location of the tire label You will find a tire label containing tire inflation pressure by tire size and other important information located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door. Refer to the payload description and graphic in the Vehicle loading — with and without a trailer section.

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TIRE CARE Improper or inadequate vehicle maintenance can also cause tires to wear abnormally. Here are some of the important maintenance items: Tire wear Measure and inspect the tire tread on all your tires periodically. Advanced and unusual tire wear can reduce the ability of tread to grip the road in adverse (wet, snowy, etc.) conditions. Visually check your tires for uneven wear, looking for high and low areas or unusually smooth areas. Also check for signs of tire damage. When the tread is worn down to 1/16th of an inch (2 mm), tires must be replaced to prevent your vehicle from skidding and hydroplaning. Built-in treadwear indicators, or “wear bars”, which look like narrow strips of smooth rubber across the tread will appear on the tire when the tread is worn down to 1/16th of an inch (2 mm). When the tire tread wears down to the same height as these “wear bars”, the tire is worn out and should be replaced. Inspect your tires frequently for any of the following conditions and replace them if one or more of the following conditions exist: • Fabric showing through the tire • Bulges in the tread or sidewalls • Cracks or cuts on the sidewalls • Cracks in the tread groove • Impact damage resulting from use • Separation in the tread • Separation in the sidewall • Severe abrasion on the sidewall If your vehicle has a leak in the exhaust system, a road tire or the spare tire may be exposed to hot exhaust temperatures requiring the tire to be replaced.

rubber

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Safety practices Driving habits have a great deal to do with your tire mileage and safety. • Observe posted speed limits • Avoid fast starts, stops and turns • Avoid potholes and objects on the road • Do not run over curbs or hit the tire against a curb when parking

If your vehicle is stuck in snow, mud, sand, etc., do not rapidly spin the tires; spinning the tires can tear the tire and cause an

explosion. A tire can explode in as little as three to five seconds.

Never spin the tires in excess of the 35 mph (55 km/h) point indicated on the speedometer.

Highway hazards No matter how carefully you drive there’s always the possibility that you may eventually have a flat tire on the highway. Drive slowly to the closest safe area out of traffic. This may further damage the flat tire, but your safety is more important. If you feel a sudden vibration or ride disturbance while driving, or you suspect your tire or vehicle has been damaged, immediately reduce your speed. Drive with caution until you can safely pull off the road. Stop and inspect the tires for damage. If a tire is under-inflated or damaged, deflate it, remove wheel and replace it with your spare tire and wheel. If you cannot detect a cause, have the vehicle towed to the nearest repair facility or tire dealer to have the vehicle inspected.

Tire and wheel alignment A bad jolt from hitting a curb or pothole can cause the front end of your vehicle to become misaligned or cause damage to your tires. If your vehicle seems to pull to one side when you’re driving, the wheels may be out of alignment. Have a qualified technician at a Ford or Lincoln/Mercury dealer check the wheel alignment periodically. Wheel misalignment in the front or the rear can cause uneven and rapid treadwear of your tires and should be corrected by a qualified technician at a Ford or Lincoln/Mercury dealer. Front wheel drive (FWD) vehicles and those with an independent rear suspension (if equipped) may require alignment of all four wheels.

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The tires should also be balanced periodically. An unbalanced tire and wheel assembly may result in irregular tire wear.

Tire rotation Rotating your tires at the recommended interval (as indicated in the scheduled maintenance information that comes with your vehicle) will help your tires wear more evenly, providing better tire performance and longer tire life. Unless otherwise specified, rotate the tires approximately every 5,000 miles (8,000 km). • Front Wheel Drive (FWD)

vehicles (front tires at top of diagram)

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Tires, Wheels and Loading • Rear Wheel Drive (RWD) vehicles/Four Wheel Drive (4WD)/ All Wheel Drive (AWD) vehicles (front tires at top of diagram)

Sometimes irregular tire wear can be corrected by rotating the tires. Note: If your tires show uneven wear ask a qualified technician at a Ford or Lincoln/Mercury dealership to check for and correct any wheel misalignment, tire imbalance or mechanical problem involved before tire rotation. Note: Your vehicle may be equipped with a dissimilar spare tire/wheel. A dissimilar spare tire/wheel is defined as a spare tire and/or wheel that is different in brand, size or appearance from the road tires and wheels. If you have a dissimilar spare tire/wheel it is intended for temporary use only and should not be used in a tire rotation. Note: After having your tires rotated, inflation pressure must be checked and adjusted to the vehicle requirements.

TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM (TPMS)(IF EQUIPPED) When the Tire Pressure Monitoring System warning light is lit, one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated. You should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure as indicated on the vehicle’s tire

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information placard (label). Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can eventually lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle’s handling and stopping ability. Even if your vehicle is equipped with a Tire Pressure Monitoring System, it is still important that you manually check the inflation pressure of your tires regularly. Each tire, including the spare, should be checked monthly when cold and set to the recommended inflation pressure which can be found on either the tire label or certification label which is located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door.

The Tire Pressure Monitoring System is NOT a substitute for manually checking tire pressure. The tire pressure should be

checked periodically (at least monthly) using a tire gauge, see Inspecting and inflating your tires in this chapter. Failure to properly maintain your tire pressure could increase the risk of tire failure, loss of control, vehicle rollover and personal injury.

Changing tires with TPMS It is recommended that you always have your tires serviced by a dealer or qualified technician. Each road tire is equipped with a tire pressure sensor mounted on the wheel inside the tire connected to the valve stem. The tire pressure sensor must be unbolted from the wheel prior to tire removal. The sensor can be removed by loosening the nut at the valve stem. Failure to remove the sensor may damage it. The rubber grommet (washer) between the wheel and the tire pressure sensor needs to be replaced whenever the sensor is removed to minimize air leaks. The tire pressure should be checked periodically (at least monthly) using an accurate tire gauge, refer to Inspecting and inflating your tires in this chapter.

Understanding your Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) The Tire Pressure Monitoring System measures pressure in your four road tires and sends the tire pressure readings to your vehicle every minute while you are driving and once an hour when your vehicle is

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parked. The Low Tire Warning Lamp will turn ON if the tire pressure is 25% below the pressure listed on the tire label (approximately 6 to 9 psi below the manufacturer’s recommend tire pressure). If the tire pressure increases 2 psi above the “Light ON” threshold, then the TPMS light will turn OFF. Once the light is illuminated, your tires are under inflated and need to be inflated to the manufacturer’s recommended tire pressure. Even if the light turns ON and a short time later turns OFF, your tire pressure still needs to be checked. In short, once the light has turned ON, at least one tire may be under inflated. When your temporary spare tire is installed When one of your road tires needs to be replaced with the temporary spare, the TPMS system will continue to identify an issue to remind you that the damaged road wheel/tire needs to be repaired and put back on your vehicle. During this time, the low tire warning light can periodically return or stay on, depending on the state of the damaged road wheel/tire. This will include the message center messages (if equipped). To restore the full functionality of the Tire Pressure Monitoring System, have the damaged road wheel/tire repaired and remounted on your vehicle. For additional information, refer to Changing tires with TPMS in this section. When you believe your system is not operating properly The main function of the Tire Pressure Monitoring System is to warn you when your tires need air. It can also warn you in the event the system is no longer capable of functioning as intended. Please refer to the following chart for information concerning your Tire Pressure Monitoring System:

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Low Tire Warning Light Solid Warning Light

Flashing Warning Light (flashes for 20 to 30
seconds either at start-up or while driving)

Tires, Wheels and Loading

Customer Action Required

1. Check your tire pressure to ensure they are properly inflated, refer to Inspecting and inflating your tires in this chapter. Ford recommends the use of a digital or dial type tire pressure gauge rather than a stick type tire pressure gauge for increased accuracy. 2. After inflating your tires to the manufacturer’s recommended air pressure as shown on the Tire Label (located on the driver’s door or the B-Pillar), the vehicle must be driven for at least two minutes at 20 mph (32 km/h) to guarantee that the light will turn off. 3. If the light remains on even after these steps have been taken, have the system inspected by your servicing dealership 1. Your spare tire is in use. Repair the damaged road wheel and re-mount it on the vehicle to restore system functionality. For a description of how the system functions under these conditions, refer to When You Have a Flat Tire in this section. 2. If your tires are inflated to the manufacturer’s recommended tire pressure, and your spare tire is not in use, and a flashing low time warning light is still present, have the system inspected by your servicing dealership.

When inflating your tires When putting air into your tires (such as at a gas station or in your garage), the Tire Pressure Monitoring System may not respond immediately to the air added to your tires. Here are the details: • The tire pressure monitor sensors mounted in your wheels updates your vehicle with tire pressure information only once every minute,

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therefore it may take up to a minute for the light to turn off after you have filled your tires to the recommended tire pressure.

• If your vehicle has been parked for over 15 minutes, the sensors go into a low power mode to conserve battery life and therefore only transmit about once an hour. If you inflate your tires under these conditions, the light could take up to an hour to turn off after you have filled your tires to the recommended tire pressure.

For these reasons, the low tire warning light is NOT a substitute for using an accurate tire gauge when checking and filling your tires. The best way to turn off the low tire warning light is to fill your tires to the recommended tire pressure and drive your vehicle — the tire pressure sensors in your wheels will update your vehicle with the updated tire pressure when your vehicle reaches a speed of 20 mph (32 km/h) for at least a minute. How temperature affects your tire pressure The Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) monitors tire pressure in each pneumatic tire. The pressure in each tire is dependent upon several factors, one of them being the contained air temperature (temperature of the air inside the tire). As the contained air temperature increases, the tire pressure also increases. While driving in a normal manner, a typical passenger tire inflation pressure may increase approximately 2 to 4 psi (14 to 28 kPa) from a cold start situation. This increase in tire pressure is due to an increase in the contained air temperature. Contained air temperature is dependent upon several factors such as rate of tire rotation, tire deflection, amount of braking, etc. In similar manner, the tire pressure will decrease if the contained air temperature decreases. For example, if the vehicle is stationary over night with the outside temperature significantly lower than the daytime temperature, the tire pressure may decrease approximately 3 psi (20.7 kPa) for a drop of 30° F (16.6° C) in ambient temperature. This lower pressure value may be detected by the TPMS as being significantly lower than the cold pressure indicated on your vehicles tire label, and activate the TPMS warning for low tire pressure. If the low warning light is on, visually check each tire to verify that no tire is flat. If one or more tires are flat, repair as necessary. If all tires appear to be inflated, carefully drive the vehicle to the nearest location where air can be added to the tires. Turn the ignition to the “off” position. Inflate all the tires to the recommended cold pressure. The Tire Pressure Monitoring System complies with part 15 of the FCC rules and with RS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful

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interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

The Tire Pressure Monitoring System is NOT a substitute for manually checking tire pressure. The tire pressure should be

checked periodically (at least monthly) using a tire gauge, see Inspecting and inflating your tires in this chapter. Failure to properly maintain your tire pressure could increase the risk of tire failure, loss of control, vehicle rollover and personal injury.

SNOW TIRES AND CHAINS

Snow tires must be the same size and grade as the tires you currently have on your vehicle.

The tires on your vehicle have all weather treads to provide traction in rain and snow. However, in some climates, you may need to use snow tires and chains. Follow these guidelines when using snow tires and chains: • Use only cable type chains or chains offered by Ford as an accessory or equivalent. Other conventional link type chains may contact and cause damage to the vehicle’s wheel house and/or body. • Do not install chains on the front wheels. Chains on the front wheels • Install chains securely, verifying that the chains do not touch any • Drive cautiously. If you hear the chains rub or bang against your

may interfere with suspension components.

wiring, brake lines or fuel lines.

tire chains on dry roads.

vehicle, stop and re-tighten the chains. If this does not work, remove the chains to prevent damage to your vehicle.

• If possible, avoid fully loading your vehicle. • Remove the tire chains when they are no longer needed. Do not use • The suspension insulation and bumpers will help prevent vehicle damage. Do not remove these components from your vehicle when using snow tires and chains. • Do not exceed 30 mph (48 km/h) with tire chains on your vehicle. VEHICLE LOADING – WITH AND WITHOUT A TRAILER This section will guide you in the proper loading of your vehicle and/or trailer, to keep your loaded vehicle weight within its design rating

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capability, with or without a trailer. Properly loading your vehicle will provide maximum return of vehicle design performance. Before loading your vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms for determining your vehicle’s weight ratings, with or without a trailer, from the vehicle’s Safety Certification Label and Tire Label: Base Curb Weight – is the weight of the vehicle including a full tank of fuel and all standard equipment. It does not include passengers, cargo, or optional equipment. Vehicle Curb Weight – is the weight of your new vehicle when you picked it up from your dealer plus any aftermarket equipment.

Payload – is the combined weight of cargo and passengers that the vehicle is carrying. The maximum payload for your vehicle can be found on the Tire Label on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door. Look for “THE COMBINED WEIGHT OF OCCUPANTS AND CARGO SHOULD NEVER EXCEED XXX kg OR XXX lb.” for maximum payload. The payload listed on the tire label is the maximum payload for the vehicle as built by the assembly plant. If any aftermarket or dealer installed equipment has been installed on the vehicle, the weight of the equipment must be subtracted from the payload listed on the tire label in order to determine the new payload.

The appropriate loading capacity of your vehicle can be limited either by volume capacity (how much space is available) or by payload capacity (how much weight the vehicle should carry). Once you have reached the maximum payload of your vehicle, do not add more cargo, even if there is space available. Overloading or improperly loading your vehicle can contribute to loss of vehicle control and vehicle rollover.

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Example only:

Cargo Weight – includes all weight added to the Base Curb Weight, including cargo and optional equipment. When towing, trailer tongue load or king pin weight is also part of cargo weight.

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GAW (Gross Axle Weight) – is the total weight placed on each axle (front and rear) – including vehicle curb weight and all payload. GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating) – is the maximum allowable weight that can be carried by a single axle (front or rear). These numbers are shown on the Safety Compliance Certification Label located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door. The total load on each axle must never exceed its GAWR.

Exceeding the Safety Certification Label axle weight rating limits could result in substandard vehicle handling or performance,

engine, transmission and/or structural damage, serious damage to the vehicle, loss of control and personal injury.

Note: For trailer towing information refer to Trailer towing found in this chapter or the RV and Trailer Towing Guide provided by your dealership.

GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight) – is the Vehicle Curb Weight + cargo + passengers.

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GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating) – is the maximum allowable weight of the fully loaded vehicle (including all options, equipment, passengers and cargo). The GVWR is shown on the Safety Compliance Certification Label located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door. The GVW must never exceed the GVWR.

Exceeding the Safety Certification Label vehicle weight rating limits could result in substandard vehicle handling or

performance, engine, transmission and/or structural damage, serious damage to the vehicle, loss of control and personal injury.

GCW (Gross Combined Weight) – is the weight of the loaded vehicle (GVW) plus the weight of the fully loaded trailer. GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating) – is the maximum allowable weight of the vehicle and the loaded trailer – including all cargo and passengers – that the vehicle can handle without risking damage. (Important: The towing vehicle’s braking system is rated for operation at GVWR, not at GCWR.) Separate functional brakes should be used for safe control of towed vehicles and for trailers where the GCW of the towing vehicle plus the trailer exceed the GVWR of the towing vehicle. The GCW must never exceed the GCWR. Maximum Loaded Trailer Weight – is the highest possible weight of a fully loaded trailer the vehicle can tow. It assumes a vehicle with only

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mandatory options, no cargo (internal or external), a tongue load of 10–15% (conventional trailer) or king pin weight of 15–25% (fifth wheel trailer), and driver only (150 lb. [68 kg]). Consult your dealership (or the RV and Trailer Towing Guide provided by your dealership) for more detailed information. Tongue Load or Fifth Wheel King Pin Weight – refers to the amount of the weight that a trailer pushes down on a trailer hitch. Examples: For a 5,000 lb. (2,268 kg) conventional trailer, multiply 5,000
by 0.10 and 0.15 to obtain a proper tongue load range of 500 to 750 lb. (227 to 340 kg). For an 11,500 lb. (5,216 kg) fifth wheel trailer, multiply by 0.15 and 0.25 to obtain a proper king pin load range of 1,725 to 2,875
lb. (782 to 1,304 kg)

Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the certification label.

Do not use replacement tires with lower load carrying capacities than the originals because they may lower the vehicle’s GVWR and GAWR limitations. Replacement tires with a higher limit than the originals do not increase the GVWR and GAWR limitations.

Exceeding any vehicle weight rating limitation could result in serious damage to the vehicle and/or personal injury.

Steps for determining the correct load limit: 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle. 3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs. 4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1,400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400–750 (5 x 150) = 650 lb.). In metric units (635–340 (5 x 68) = 295 kg.) 5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.

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6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle. The following gives you a few examples on how to calculate the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity: • Another example for your vehicle with 1400 lb. (635 kg) of cargo and luggage capacity. You decide to go golfing. Is there enough load capacity to carry you, 4 of your friends and all the golf bags? You and four friends average 220 lb. (99 kg) each and the golf bags weigh approximately 30 lb. (13.5 kg) each. The calculation would be: 1400 – (5 x 220) – (5 x 30) = 1400 – 1100 – 150 = 150 lb. Yes, you have enough load capacity in your vehicle to transport four friends and your golf bags. In metric units, the calculation would be: 635 kg — (5
x 99 kg) — (5 x 13.5 kg) = 635 — 495 — 67.5 = 72.5 kg. • A final example for your vehicle with 1400 lb. (635 kg) of cargo and luggage capacity. You and one of your friends decide to pick up cement from the local home improvement store to finish that patio you have been planning for the past 2 years. Measuring the inside of the vehicle with the rear seat folded down, you have room for 12-100
lb. (45 kg) bags of cement. Do you have enough load capacity to transport the cement to your home? If you and your friend each weigh 220 lb. (99 kg), the calculation would be: 1400 – (2 x 220) – (12 x 100) = 1400 – 440 – 1200 = – 240 lb. No, you do not have enough cargo capacity to carry that much weight. In metric units, the calculation would be: 635 kg — (2 x 99 kg) — (12 x 45 kg) = 635 — 198 — 540 = —103 kg. You will need to reduce the load weight by at least 240 lb. (104 kg). If you remove 3-100 lb. (45 kg) cement bags, then the load calculation would be: 1400 – (2 x 220) – (9 x 100) = 1400 – 440 – 900 = 60 lb. Now you have the load capacity to transport the cement and your friend home. . In metric units, the calculation would be: 635 kg — (2 x 99 kg) — (9
x 45 kg) = 635 — 198 — 405 = 32 kg.

The above calculations also assume that the loads are positioned in your vehicle in a manner that does not overload the Front or the Rear Gross Axle Weight Rating specified for your vehicle on the Certification label found on the edge of the driver’s door.

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Special loading instructions for owners of pickup trucks and utility-type vehicles

For important information regarding safe operation of this type of vehicle, see the Preparing to drive your vehicle section in

the Driving chapter of this owner guide.

Loaded vehicles, with a higher center of gravity, may handle differently than unloaded vehicles. Extra precautions, such as

slower speeds and increased stopping distance, should be taken when driving a heavily loaded vehicle.

Your vehicle has the capability to haul more cargo and people than most passenger cars. Depending upon the type and placement of the load, hauling cargo and people may raise the center of gravity of the vehicle.

TRAILER TOWING Trailer towing puts additional loads on your vehicle’s engine, transmission, axle, brakes, tires, and suspension. For your safety and to maximize vehicle performance, be sure to use the proper equipment while towing. Follow these guidelines to ensure safe towing procedure: • Stay within your vehicle’s load limits. If exceeded, cargo should be

removed from the trailer and/or the vehicle until all weights are within specified limits.

tow in this chapter.

while you tow in this chapter.

• Thoroughly prepare your vehicle for towing. Refer to Preparing to • Use extra caution when driving while trailer towing. Refer to Driving • Service your vehicle more frequently if you tow a trailer. Refer to the • Do not tow a trailer until your vehicle has been driven at least 500
miles (800 km). Additionally, during the first 500 miles (800 km) that you tow a trailer, do not drive over 70 mph (112 km/h) and do not make starts at full throttle. • Refer to the instructions included with towing accessories for the

severe duty schedule in the scheduled maintenance guide.

proper installation and adjustment specifications.

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Trailer towing (standard equipment): Your vehicle is equipped with a integrated trailer hitch and a Class I (4-pin) trailer electrical connector. The 4-pin connector supplies power to tail lamps, stop lamps, and turn lamps. See the trailer towing chart for the trailer towing weight recommendation. Trailer towing (optionally equipped trailer tow package): The optional trailer tow package includes heavy duty trailer tow wiring. Both a Class I (4-pin) and IV (7-pin) trailer electrical connector are provided. Under the instrument panel a electrical connector is provided for a customer supplied aftermarket electronic brake controller. For installing a customer supplied electronic brake controller, a electrical jumper harness and trailer tow electrical instructions are included with the optional trailer tow package. The kit containing a electrical jumper and trailer tow electrical instructions may be purchased from any Ford, Lincoln, or Mercury dealership (Part number 4L1Z-14A348-AA) Note: Before towing a trailer, make sure the trailer brakes (if equipped) and lamps are properly connected and functional. Electronic trailer brakes (if equipped) refer to the instructions provided by the aftermarket electronic brake controller manufacture for determining trailer brake functionality.

Rear axle

Maximum GCWR -

kg (lb.)

4x2

Trailer weight

range (0 -

maximum) kg (lb.)

Engine

5.4L with standard trailer tow package 5.4L with optional trailer tow package

ratio

All

All

5351 (11800)

0–2721 (0–6000)

6576 (14500)

0–4037 (0–8900)

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Rear axle

Maximum GCWR -

kg (lb.)

4x4

Trailer weight

range (0 -

maximum) kg (lb.)

5397 (11900)

0–2721 (0–6000)

6576 (14500)

0–3901 (0–8600)

Engine

5.4L with standard trailer tow package 5.4L with optional trailer tow package

ratio

All

All

Note: For vehicles not equipped with the optional trailer tow package, the maximum frontal area of trailer should not exceed the frontal area of the vehicle (3.4 square meters [36.5 square feet]). Note: For vehicles equipped with the optional trailer tow package, the maximum frontal area of trailer should not exceed 5.6 square meters (60 square feet). Do not exceed the maximum loads listed on the Safety Compliance Certification label. For load specification terms found on the label, refer to Vehicle loading in this chapter. Remember to figure in the tongue load of your loaded trailer when figuring the total weight.

Towing trailers beyond the maximum recommended gross trailer weight exceeds the limit of the vehicle and could result in engine damage, transmission damage, structural damage, loss of control, vehicle rollover and personal injury.

If your vehicle is equipped with AdvanceTrac娂 with RSC, you may experience AdvanceTrac娂 with RSCactivations during typical cornering maneuvers with a heavily loaded trailer; this is normal. Cornering at a slower speed while towing will reduce the tendency of the AdvanceTrac娂 stability enhancement system to activate. Integrated hitch rating The standard integrated hitch has two ratings depending on mode of operation: • Weight carrying - requires a draw bar and hitch ball. The draw bar

supports all the vertical tongue load of the trailer.

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• Weight distributing - requires an aftermarket weight distributing system which includes draw bar, hitch ball, spring bars and snap-up brackets. The vertical tongue load of the trailer is distributed between the truck and the trailer by this system.

Mode

Maximum

Gross Trailer Weight - kg

Maximum

Tongue Weight

- kg (lb.)

(lb.)

272 (600) Weight carrying Weight distributing 406 (895) These are hitch ratings only; actual vehicle ratings are dependent on engine, transmission and axle combinations.

2721 (6000) 4060 (8950)

Towing trailers beyond the maximum tongue weight exceeds the limit of the towing system and could result in vehicle structural

damage, loss of vehicle control and personal injury.

Preparing to tow Use the proper equipment for towing a trailer and make sure it is properly attached to your vehicle. See your dealer or a reliable trailer dealer if you require assistance.

Hitches Do not use hitches that clamp onto the vehicle’s bumper or attach to the axle. You must distribute the load in your trailer so that 10%–15% of the total weight of the trailer is on the tongue.

Load equalizing hitch When hooking up a trailer using a load equalizing hitch, always use the following procedure: 1. Park the unloaded vehicle on a level surface. With the ignition in the ON position, apply the brake and place the gearshift lever in (Overdrive) for 10 seconds, then return the gearshift lever to P (Park) and release the brake. With the ignition still in the ON position, and all doors closed, allow the vehicle to stand (without passengers) for several minutes so that it can level. 2. Turn the air suspension (if equipped) control to OFF. 3. Measure the height of a reference point on the front and rear bumpers at the center of the vehicle.

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4. Attach the trailer to the vehicle and adjust the hitch equalizers so that the front bumper height is within a 1⁄2” (13 mm) of the reference point. After proper adjustment, the rear bumper should be no higher than in Step 3. 5. Turn the air suspension (if equipped) control to ON. Note: Adjusting an equalizing hitch so the rear bumper of the vehicle is higher than it was unloaded will defeat the function of the load equalizing hitch and may cause unpredictable handling.

Safety chains Always connect the trailer’s safety chains to the frame or hook retainers of the vehicle hitch. To connect the trailer’s safety chains, cross the chains under the trailer tongue and allow slack for turning corners. If you use a rental trailer, follow the instructions that the rental agency gives to you. Do not attach safety chains to the bumper.

Trailer brakes Electric brakes and manual, automatic or surge-type trailer brakes are safe if installed properly and adjusted to the manufacturer’s specifications. The trailer brakes must meet local and Federal regulations.

Do not connect a trailer’s hydraulic brake system directly to your vehicle’s brake system. Your vehicle may not have enough

braking power and your chances of having a collision greatly increase.

The braking system of the tow vehicle is rated for operation at the GVWR not GCWR.

Trailer lamps Trailer lamps are required on most towed vehicles. Make sure all running lights, brake lights, turn signals and hazard lights are working. See your dealer or trailer rental agency for proper instructions and equipment for hooking up trailer lamps.

Driving while you tow When towing a trailer: • Turn off the speed control. The speed control may shut off automatically when you are towing on long, steep grades.

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Tires, Wheels and Loading • Consult your local motor vehicle speed regulations for towing a trailer. • To eliminate excessive shifting, use a lower gear. This will also assist in transmission cooling. (For additional information, refer to Understanding the gearshift positions of the 4–speed automatic transmission in the Driving chapter. • Anticipate stops and brake gradually. • Do not exceed the GCWR rating or transmission damage may occur. Servicing after towing If you tow a trailer for long distances, your vehicle will require more frequent service intervals. Refer to your Scheduled Maintenance Information for more information.

Trailer towing tips • Practice turning, stopping and backing up before starting on a trip to get the feel of the vehicle trailer combination. When turning, make wider turns so the trailer wheels will clear curbs and other obstacles. • Allow more distance for stopping with a trailer attached. • If you are driving down a long or steep hill, shift to a lower gear. Do not apply the brakes continuously, as they may overheat and become less effective.

• The trailer tongue weight should be 10–15% of the loaded trailer • After you have traveled 50 miles (80 km), thoroughly check your • To aid in engine/transmission cooling and A/C efficiency during hot • Vehicles with trailers should not be parked on a grade. If you must

hitch, electrical connections and trailer wheel lug nuts.

weather while stopped in traffic, place the gearshift lever in P (Park).

weight.

park on a grade, place wheel chocks under the trailer’s wheels.

Launching or retrieving a boat Disconnect the wiring to the trailer before backing the trailer into the water. Reconnect the wiring to the trailer after the trailer is removed from the water. When backing down a ramp during boat launching or retrieval: • do not allow the static water level to rise above the bottom edge of • do not allow waves to break higher than 6 inches (15 cm) above the

the rear bumper.

bottom edge of the rear bumper.

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Exceeding these limits may allow water to enter vehicle components: • causing internal damage to the components. • affecting driveability, emissions and reliability. Replace the rear axle lubricant any time the axle has been submerged in water. Rear axle lubricant quantities are not to be checked or changed unless a leak is suspected or repair required.

RECREATIONAL TOWING (ALL WHEELS ON THE GROUND) An example of recreational towing would be towing your vehicle behind a motorhome. Follow these guidelines if you have the need for recreational towing your vehicle with all four wheels on the ground. These guidelines are designed to ensure that your transmission is not damaged. 2WD vehicles (with automatic transmissions): • Place the transmission in N (Neutral) • Maximum speed is 35 mph (56 km/h) • Maximum distance is 50 miles (80 km) If a distance of 50 miles (80 km) or a speed of 35 mph (56 km/h) must be exceeded, the drive shaft will have to be removed before the vehicle is towed. Ford recommends the driveshaft be removed/installed only by a qualified technician. See your local dealer for driveshaft removal/installation. Improper removal/installation of the driveshaft can cause transmission fluid loss, damage to the driveshaft and internal transmission components. Vehicles equipped with Control Trac four-wheel drive system: Vehicles equipped with the Control Trac four-wheel drive system cannot be towed with any wheels on the ground. See your local dealer if you must flat-tow a vehicle equipped with the Control Trac four-wheel drive system.

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Driving

STARTING

Positions of the ignition 1. OFF/LOCK, locks the steering wheel, automatic transmission gearshift lever and allows key removal. 2. ACCESSORY, allows the electrical accessories such as the radio to operate while the engine is not running. 3. ON, all electrical circuits operational. Warning lights illuminated. Key position when driving. 4. START, cranks the engine. Release the key as soon as the engine starts.

Preparing to start your vehicle Engine starting is controlled by the powertrain control system. This system meets all Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment standard requirements regulating the impulse electrical field strength of radio noise. When starting a fuel-injected engine, avoid pressing the accelerator before or during starting. Only use the accelerator when you have difficulty starting the engine. For more information on starting the vehicle, refer to Starting the engine in this chapter.

Extended idling at high engine speeds can produce very high temperatures in the engine and exhaust system, creating the risk

of fire or other damage.

Do not park, idle, or drive your vehicle in dry grass or other dry ground cover. The emission system heats up the engine

compartment and exhaust system, which can start a fire.

Do not start your vehicle in a closed garage or in other enclosed areas. Exhaust fumes can be toxic. Always open the garage door before you start the engine. See Guarding against exhaust fumes in this chapter for more instructions.

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Driving

If you smell exhaust fumes inside your vehicle, have your dealer inspect your vehicle immediately. Do not drive if you smell

exhaust fumes.

Important safety precautions A computer system controls the engine’s idle revolutions per minute (RPM). When the engine starts, the idle RPM runs higher than normal in order to warm the engine. If the engine idle speed does not slow down automatically, have the vehicle checked. Do not allow the vehicle to idle for more than 10 minutes at the higher engine RPM. Before starting the vehicle: 1. Make sure all vehicle occupants have buckled their safety belts. For more information on safety belts and their proper usage, refer to the Seating and Safety Restraints chapter. 2. Make sure the headlamps and vehicle accessories are off. 3. Make sure the gearshift is in P (Park).

4. Make sure the parking brake is set.

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5. Turn the key to 3 (ON) without turning the key to 4 (START).

Driving

Make sure the corresponding lights illuminate or illuminate briefly. If a light fails to illuminate, have the vehicle serviced. • If the driver’s safety belt is fastened, the

light may not illuminate.

Starting the engine Note: Whenever you start your vehicle, release the key as soon as the engine starts. Excessive cranking could damage the starter. 1. Turn the key to 4 (START) without pressing the accelerator pedal and release as soon as the engine starts. The key will return to 3 (ON).

2. When the engine starts, release the key.

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3. After idling for a few seconds, apply the brake, shift into gear and drive. Note: If the engine does not start within five seconds on the first try, turn the key to OFF, wait 10 seconds and try again. If the engine still fails to start, press the accelerator to the floor and try again; this will allow the engine to crank with the fuel shut off in case the engine is flooded with fuel.

Using the engine block heater (if equipped) If your vehicle is factory equipped with an engine block heater, a rubber cap/plug assembly will be visibly attached to the grille on the front of the vehicle. For factory-equipped, this assembly is loose-shipped in-vehicle for dealerhip installation. If not factory-equipped, the engine block heater can be purchased through dealership accessories. Replacement rubber caps are available through the dealer, 3L1Z-6E088-AA. Use of an engine block heater is strongly recommended if you live in a region where temperatures reach -10°F (-23°C) or below. For best results, plug the heater in at least three hours before starting the vehicle (the heater can be plugged in the night before starting the vehicle). To plug the heater in, remove the cap from the plug and insert the plug into a 110 volt grounded outlet. Be sure to re-attach the cap onto the plug when the heater is not in use.

To reduce the risk of electrical shock, do not use your heater with ungrounded electrical systems or two-pronged (cheater)

adapters.

Guarding against exhaust fumes Carbon monoxide is present in exhaust fumes. Take precautions to avoid its dangerous effects.

If you smell exhaust fumes inside your vehicle, have your dealer inspect your vehicle immediately. Do not drive if you smell

exhaust fumes.

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Important ventilating information If the engine is idling while the vehicle is stopped for a long period of time, open the windows at least one inch (2.5 cm) or adjust the heating or air conditioning to bring in fresh air.

Driving

BRAKES Your service brakes are self-adjusting. Refer to the scheduled maintenance information for scheduled maintenance. Occasional brake noise is normal and often does not indicate a performance concern with the vehicle’s brake system. In normal operation, automotive brake systems may emit occasional or intermittent squeal or groan noises when the brakes are applied. Such noises are usually heard during the first few brake applications in the morning; however, they may be heard at any time while braking and can be aggravated by environmental conditions such as cold, heat, moisture, road dust, salt or mud. If a “metal-to-metal,” “continuous grinding” or “continuous squeal” sound is present while braking, the brake linings may be worn-out and should be inspected by a qualified service technician. Refer to Brake system warning light in the Instrument Cluster chapter for information on the brake system warning light.

BRAKE

If you are driving down a long or steep hill, shift to a lower gear. Do not apply your brakes continuously, as they may overheat

and become less effective.

Anti-lock brake system (ABS) On ABS-equipped vehicles, a noise from the hydraulic pump motor and pulsation in the pedal may be observed during ABS braking events. Pedal pulsation coupled with noise while braking under panic conditions or on loose gravel, bumps, wet or snowy roads is normal and indicates proper functioning of the vehicle’s anti-lock brake system. The ABS performs a self-check after you start the engine and begin to drive away. A brief mechanical noise may be heard during this test. This is normal. If a malfunction is found, the ABS warning light will come on. If the vehicle has continuous vibration or shudder in the steering wheel while braking, the vehicle should be inspected by a qualified service technician.

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The ABS operates by detecting the onset of wheel lockup during brake applications and compensates for this tendency. The wheels are prevented from locking even when the brakes are firmly applied. Using ABS • In an emergency or when maximum efficiency from the four-wheel

ABS is required, apply continuous force on the brake. The four wheel ABS will be activated immediately, thus allowing you to retain steering control of your vehicle and, providing there is sufficient space, will enable you to avoid obstacles and bring the vehicle to a controlled stop.

• The anti-lock system does not always reduce stopping distance.

Always leave enough room between your vehicle and the vehicle in front of you to stop.

• We recommend that you familiarize yourself with this braking

technique. However, avoid taking any unnecessary risks.

ABS

ABS warning lamp The ABS warning lamp in the instrument cluster momentarily illuminates when the ignition is turned on. If the light does not illuminate momentarily at start up, remains on or continues to flash, the ABS needs to be serviced. With the ABS light on, the anti-lock brake system is disabled and normal braking is still effective unless the brake warning light also remains illuminated with parking brake released. (If your brake warning lamp illuminates, have your vehicle serviced immediately.) Brake Assist (if equipped) The Brake Assist system provides full braking force during panic braking situations. It detects a rapid application of the brake pedal and maximizes the amount of brake booster assist, helping the driver to achieve maximum braking pressure. Once a panic brake application is detected, the system will remain activated as long as the brake pedal is depressed. The system is deactivated by releasing the brake pedal. When the system activates, the brake pedal will travel with very little effort; this is normal.

BRAKE

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Parking brake Apply the parking brake whenever the vehicle is parked. To set the parking brake, press the parking brake pedal down until the pedal stops.

The BRAKE warning lamp in the instrument cluster illuminates and remains illuminated (when the ignition is turned ON) until the parking brake is released.

BRAKE

If the parking brake is fully released, but the brake warning lamp remains illuminated, the brakes may not be working properly.

See your dealer or a qualified service technician.

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure that the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park).

The parking brake is not recommended to stop a moving vehicle. However, if the normal brakes fail, the parking brake can be used to stop your vehicle in an emergency. Since the parking brake applies only the rear brakes, the vehicle’s stopping distance will increase greatly and the handling of your vehicle will be adversely affected.

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Pull the release lever to release the brake. Driving with the parking brake on will cause the brakes to wear out quickly and reduce fuel economy.

STEERING Your vehicle is equipped with power steering. Power steering uses energy from the engine to decrease the driver’s effort in steering the vehicle. To prevent damage to the power steering pump: • Never hold the steering wheel to the extreme right or the extreme left • Do not operate the vehicle with the power steering pump fluid level

for more than a few seconds when the engine is running.

below the MIN mark on the reservoir.

If the power steering system breaks down (or if the engine is turned off), you can steer the vehicle manually, but it takes more effort. If the steering wanders or pulls, check for: • Underinflated tire(s) on any wheel(s) • Uneven vehicle loading • High crown in center of road • High crosswinds • Wheels out of alignment • Loose or worn suspension components AIR SUSPENSION SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED) The air suspension system is designed to improve ride comfort, vehicle handling and general vehicle performance by adjusting the vehicle’s ride height according to vehicle speed, weight added to or removed from the vehicle and four-wheel drive (if equipped) operation. Normal vehicle operation does not require any action by the driver. When you enter the vehicle and the ignition is off, the air suspension will have automatically lowered the vehicle to its lowest height to provide

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easier entry. When a door or the liftgate is opened, the system memorizes and maintains that height until either all doors are closed or the vehicle’s speed exceeds 15 mph (24 km/h). The air suspension system will then raise the vehicle’s height to its normal position when the ignition is turned on, all doors are closed and the transmission is shifted from P (Park). When the vehicle is in motion, the air suspension will adjust the vehicle ride height to normal operating position to maximize your ride comfort. If your vehicle is equipped with four-wheel drive and you shift into 4WD LOW, the air suspension will not move to it’s lowest position; instead, the ride height is raised above the normal ride height position (at speeds below 35 mph [56 km/h]) to improve ground clearance. If a load is added to, or removed from the vehicle, the load leveling feature of the air suspension system will adjust the suspension to keep the vehicle at a constant level. When exiting the vehicle, the air suspension will automatically lower the vehicle to its lowest height to provide easier exit. You may hear a buzz or click from the air suspension system when the ignition is turned off. The air suspension system will stay active for 40 minutes after the ignition is turned off to accommodate any load changes. (The air compressor may run when the vehicle is off; this is normal.) The air suspension shut-off switch is located behind an access panel on the left rear quarter trim panel, near the liftgate. To remove the panel, turn the control counterclockwise.

On vehicles equipped with air suspension, turn the air suspension and the ignition switch off prior to jacking, hoisting or towing your vehicle.

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Press the bottom portion of the switch to turn off the air suspension.

LIMITED-SLIP AXLE (IF EQUIPPED) This axle provides added traction on slippery surfaces, particularly when one wheel is on a poor traction surface. Under normal conditions, the limited slip axle functions like a standard rear axle. Extended use of other than the manufacturer’s specified size tires on a limited slip rear axle could result in a permanent reduction in effectiveness. This loss of effectiveness does not affect normal driving and should not be noticeable to the driver.

PREPARING TO DRIVE YOUR VEHICLE

Utility vehicles have a significantly higher rollover rate than other types of vehicles.

In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt.

Your vehicle has special design and equipment features to make it capable of performing in a wide variety of circumstances. These special design features, such as larger tires and increased ground clearance, give the vehicle a higher center of gravity than a passenger car.

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Vehicles with a higher center of gravity such as utility and four-wheel drive vehicles handle differently than vehicles with a

lower center of gravity. Utility and four-wheel drive vehicles are not designed for cornering at speeds as high as passenger cars any more than low-slung sports cars are designed to perform satisfactorily under off-road conditions. Avoid sharp turns, excessive speed and abrupt maneuvers in these vehicles. Failure to drive cautiously could result in an increased risk of loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal injury and death.

Loaded vehicles, with a higher center of gravity, may handle differently than unloaded vehicles. Extra precautions, such as

slower speeds and increased stopping distance, should be taken when driving a heavily loaded vehicle.

Your vehicle has the capability to haul more cargo and people than most passenger cars. Depending upon the type and placement of the load, hauling people and cargo may raise the center of gravity of the vehicle. Use extra caution while becoming familiar with your vehicle. Know the capabilities and limitations of both you as a driver and your vehicle.

ADVANCETRAC姞 WITH ROLL STABILITY CONTROL (RSC) STABILITY ENHANCEMENT SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED) The AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system provides stability enhancement features such as Roll Stability Control, AdvanceTrac威 with RSC and traction enhancement for certain driving situations when driver assistance is needed. It helps your vehicle maintain traction, when driving on slippery and/or hilly road surfaces, by detecting and controlling wheel spin. Excessive wheel spin is controlled by momentarily reducing engine power and rapidly applying the anti-lock brakes. The system is a driver aid which makes your vehicle easier to handle primarily on snow and ice-covered roads. If your vehicle should become stuck in deep snow or mud, try switching the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system off by pressing the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC button. This will allow your tires to “dig” for traction. If the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system is activated and deactivated excessively in a short period of time, the brake portion of the system will shut down to allow the brakes to cool down. A limited AdvanceTrac威 with RSC function using only engine power reduction will still help control the wheels from over-spinning. When the brakes have cooled

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down, the system will again function normally. Anti-lock braking is not affected by this condition and will function normally during the cool-down period. The AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system enhances your vehicle’s stability during maneuvers that require all available tire traction, like in wet/snowy/icy road conditions and/or when performing emergency maneuvers. In an emergency lane-change, the driver will experience better overall vehicle traction, and have better control of the vehicle. The AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system helps the driver maintain steering control if the vehicle begins to slide excessively left or right or spin out. AdvanceTrac威 with RSC will attempt to correct the sliding motion by applying brake force at individual tires and, if necessary, by reducing engine power. Driving conditions, which may activate the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system, include: • Taking a turn too fast • Maneuvering quickly to avoid an accident, pedestrian or obstacle • Hitting a patch of ice • Changing lanes on a snow-rutted road • Entering a snow-free road from a snow-covered side street, or vice • Entering a paved road from a gravel road, or vice versa • Hitting a curb while turning • Driving on slick surfaces • Cornering while towing a heavily loaded trailer (refer to Trailer

versa

Towing in this chapter)

The RSC feature works to further enhance the vehicle’s overall stability during aggressive maneuvers. The RSC feature helps maintain roll stability of the vehicle during aggressive maneuvers by applying brake force to one or more wheels. The AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system automatically turns on when the engine is started. However, the system does not function when the vehicle is traveling in R (Reverse) or, if equipped with four-wheel drive, in 4L (4X4 LOW). In R (Reverse) or in 4L (4X4 LOW), ABS and the traction enhancement feature will continue to function.

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The AdvanceTrac威 with RSC button allows the driver to control the availability of the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system. The RSC system status is indicated by a warning indicator light with a “sliding car” icon in the instrument cluster that will flash when the system is activated and an indicator light in the control button that will illuminate when the system is turned off. In vehicles with a message center, the message “ADVANCETRAC OFF” will be displayed. If a failure is detected in the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system, the warning indicator light in the instrument cluster will stay on. If the warning indicator light in the instrument cluster remains on while the engine is running, have the system serviced immediately. Pressing the button once will disable the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC stability enhancement system and the engine power reduction portion of the traction enhancement feature; the brake portion of the traction enhancement feature will still function normally. Pressing and holding the button for more than five seconds will disable the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC stability enhancement and traction enhancement feature. If the vehicle is stuck in snow or mud or when driving in deep sand, switching off the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system may be beneficial so the wheels are allowed to spin. If your vehicle seems to lose engine power while driving in deep sand or very deep snow, switching off the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC stability enhancement system will restore full engine power and will enhance momentum through the obstacle. Some drivers may notice a slight movement of the brake pedal when the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC performs a system self-check. During AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system operation you may experience the following: • A rumble or grinding noise • A slight deceleration of the vehicle • The AdvanceTrac威 with RSC indicator light will flash • If your foot is on the brake pedal, you will feel a vibration in the • If the driving condition is severe and your foot is not on the brake, the brake pedal will move to apply higher brake forces. You may also hear a whoosh of air from under the instrument panel during this severe condition.

pedal.

All these conditions are normal during AdvanceTrac威 with RSC operation.

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Do not alter or modify your vehicle’s suspension or steering; the resulting changes to the vehicle’s handling can adversely affect the AdvanceTrac威 with Roll Stability Control system. Also, do not install a stereo loudspeaker near the front center console or under either front seat. The speaker vibrations can adversely affect the AdvanceTrac威 with Roll Stability Control sensors located in this area. Note: Pressing the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC button will disable the AdvanceTrac威 with RSC system.

Aggressive driving in any road conditions can cause you to lose control of your vehicle increasing the risk of severe personal

injury or property damage. The occurrence of an AdvanceTrac威 with Roll Stability Control event is an indication that at least some of the tires have exceeded their ability to grip the road; this may lead to an increased risk of loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal injury and death. If you experience a severe road event, SLOW DOWN.

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION OPERATION

Brake-shift interlock This vehicle is equipped with a park/brake-shift interlock feature that prevents the gearshift lever from being moved from P (Park) when the ignition is in the ON position unless brake pedal is depressed. If you cannot move the gearshift lever out of P (Park) with ignition in the ON position and the brake pedal depressed, or when the ignition is in the OFF position, it is possible that a fuse has blown or the vehicle’s brakelamps are not operating properly. Refer to Fuses and relays in the Roadside Emergencies chapter. If the fuse is not blown, perform the following procedure: 1. Apply the parking brake, turn the ignition to OFF, then remove the key. 2. Push the tilt steering lever down and tilt the steering column all the way up.

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3. Locate the round access plug on the underside of the steering column cover.

Driving

4. Remove the access plug using a flat-head screwdriver, then insert your finger and pull the override button toward you. With the button pulled toward you, apply the brake pedal and shift the transmission into N (Neutral). 5. Reinstall the access plug cover, start the vehicle and release the parking brake.

Do not drive your vehicle until you verify that the brakelamps are working.

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure the gearshift is latched in P (Park). Turn the ignition to the LOCK position and

remove the key whenever you leave your vehicle.

If the parking brake is fully released, but the brake warning lamp remains illuminated, the brakes may not be working properly.

See your dealer or a qualified service technician.

Driving with a 4–speed automatic transmission Your vehicle’s automatic transmission is equipped with a special shift strategy that insures maximum heater performance during cold weather operation. When ambient temperature is 23°F (–5°C) or below and the engine coolant temperature is below 100°F (38°C), light throttle upshifts may be

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slightly delayed. Once the engine coolant temperature reaches 160°F (71°C) the normal shift strategy will resume. This is normal operation and will not affect the function or the durability of the transmission. If the normal shift strategy does not resume once the engine coolant temperature reaches the normal operating temperature, or if the downshifts and other throttle conditions do not function normally, see your dealer or a qualified service technician as soon as possible. Understanding gearshift positions To put your vehicle in gear, start the engine, depress the brake pedal, then move gearshift lever out of P (Park).

Hold the brake pedal down while you move the gearshift lever from P (Park) to another position. If you do not hold the brake pedal down, your vehicle may move unexpectedly and injure someone.

P (Park) Always come to a complete stop before shifting into P (Park). Make sure the gearshift lever is securely latched in P (Park). This position locks the transmission and prevents the rear wheels from turning.

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure the gearshift is latched in P (Park). Turn the ignition to the LOCK position and

remove the key whenever you leave your vehicle.

R (Reverse) With the gearshift lever in R (Reverse), the vehicle will move backward. Always come to a complete stop before shifting into and out of R (Reverse). N (Neutral) With the gearshift lever in N (Neutral), the vehicle can be started and is free to roll. Hold the brake pedal down while in this gear.

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D (Drive) with Overdrive The normal driving position for the best fuel economy. Transmission operates in gears one through four.

D (Drive) without Overdrive D (Drive) with Overdrive can be deactivated by pressing the transmission control switch (TCS) on the end of the gearshift lever.

The transmission control indicator light (TCIL) will illuminate in the instrument cluster.

O/D OFF

Transmission operates in gears one through three. D (Drive) without Overdrive provides more engine braking than D (Drive) with Overdrive and is useful when: • driving with a heavy load. • towing a trailer up or down steep hills. • additional engine downhill braking is desired. If towing a trailer, refer

to Driving while you tow in the Trailer towing section.

To return to D (Drive) with Overdrive mode, press the transmission control switch (TCS). The TCIL will no longer be illuminated. Each time the vehicle is started, the transmission will automatically return to normal overdrive mode. Every time the vehicle is shut off and restarted, you must press the transmission control switch to cancel overdrive operation if driving in overdrive is not desired. 2 (Second) Use 2 (Second) to start-up on slippery roads or to provide additional engine braking on downgrades.

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1 (First) Use 1 (Low) to provide maximum engine braking on steep downgrades. Upshifts can be made by shifting to 2 (Second) or to D (Drive). Selecting 1 (Low) at higher speeds causes the transmission to shift to a lower gear, and will shift to 1
(Low) after vehicle decelerates to the proper speed. Forced Downshifts To gain acceleration in D (Drive) with Overdrive or D (Drive) without Overdrive (O/D OFF) when passing another vehicle, push the accelerator to the floor. The transmission will downshift to the appropriate gear: third, second or first gear.

If your vehicle gets stuck in mud or snow If your vehicle gets stuck in mud or snow, it may be rocked out by shifting between forward and reverse gears, stopping between shifts in a steady pattern. Press lightly on the accelerator in each gear. Do not rock the vehicle if the engine is not at normal operating temperature or damage to the transmission may occur. Do not rock the vehicle for more than a minute or damage to the transmission and tires may occur, or the engine may overheat. If your vehicle is equipped with AdvanceTrac威 with RSC, it may be beneficial to turn the system off so the wheels are allowed to spin.

REVERSE SENSING SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED) The RSS sounds a tone to warn the driver of obstacles near the rear bumper when R (Reverse) is selected. The RSS will assist the driver in detecting certain objects while: • the vehicle is moving toward a stationary object at a speed of 3 mph • the vehicle is in R (Reverse) but not moving backward (the brake pedal is depressed or the parking brake is applied), and a moving object is approaching the rear of the vehicle at a speed of 3 mph (5
km/h) or less.

• the vehicle is moving in reverse at a speed of less than 3 mph (5