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RWARNING
Modifications to the suspension spring rates and/or vehicle ride height may adversely affect vehicle stopping ability.
If Brakes Pull q Check tire pressure q Perform the self-adjustment procedure
described under If Brakes Do Not Grip Well or Pedal is “Low.”
If pull occurs during the first 500 miles (800 km), make 10 moderately fast stops from 40 mph (65 km/h) and then perform the self-adjustment procedure above. It may be necessary to repeat this operation to properly seat new brake linings and pads. Stopping Distances Stopping distances vary with different loads and driving conditions. Use caution when encountering new conditions and acquaint yourself with vehicle performance. Take full advantage of engine braking power when slowing down. Applying the Brakes Apply the brake pedal gradually. Use the “squeeze” technique — push on the brake pedal with a steadily increasing force. This allows the wheels to continue to roll while you are slowing down, which lets you steer properly.
RWARNING
Do not drive with your foot resting on the brake pedal. This will increase your vehicle’s stopping distance and may also cause brake damage.
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one third page art:0020893-A
RWARNING
If you are driving down a long or steep hill, shift to a lower gear. Do not apply your brakes continuously, as they may overheat and become less effective.
Using the Parking Brake The parking brake should be used whenever you park your vehicle.
The parking brake pedal is suspended just below the bottom of the instrument panel to the left of service brake and/or clutch pedals. To set the parking brake while parking your vehicle, press the brake pedal with your right foot and hold it while you push the parking brake pedal down firmly and fully with your left foot.
Parking Brake
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RWARNING
When parking, do not use the gearshift in place of the parking brake. Turn the key to LOCK whenever you leave your vehicle. Always set the parking brake fully and make sure that the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park) (automatic transmission) or in 1 (First) (manual transmission). Never leave your vehicle unattended while it is running. If you do not take these precautions, your vehicle may move unexpectedly and injure someone.
When the transfer case is in the N (Neutral) position, the engine and transmission are disconnected from the rest of the driveline. Therefore, the vehicle is free to roll even if the automatic transmission is in P (Park) or the manual transmission is in gear.
RWARNING
Do not leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the N (Neutral) position. Always set the parking brake fully and turn off the ignition when leaving the vehicle.
To release the parking brake, press the service brake pedal with your right foot and pull the parking brake release lever.
RWARNING
If the parking brake is fully released, but the Brake System light remains on, have the brakes checked immediately. They may not be working properly.
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The parking brake is not designed to stop a moving vehicle, but you can use the parking brake to stop your vehicle in an emergency if the normal brakes fail. However, since the parking brake applies only the rear brakes, the stopping distance will increase greatly and the handling of your vehicle will be adversely affected. Driving Under Special Conditions Tips for Safe Driving As with any new vehicle, yours may drive and handle differently from your previous vehicle. Use care until you become accustomed to its various features and driving characteristics. Operate your vehicle within reasonable limits. Sudden acceleration, deceleration, turning, or combinations of these maneuvers can cause a vehicle to behave differently than anticipated. Wheel Spin q Extreme acceleration can cause the rear
wheels to spin, perhaps resulting in reduced steering control.
If the wheels spin during vehicle start-up, shift to a different gear: q Automatic Overdrive 4R7OW: use 2 (Second) q Electronic 4-Speed Automatic Transmission
E4OD: use 2 (Second)
q Mazda R2 5-Speed Overdrive Manual: use 2
(Second)
Move forward slowly and evenly. If this does not work, try rocking the vehicle. For 4x4 vehicles, engage 4WD, and try to drive away.
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High Speed Driving
Ford Motor Company recommends obeying posted speed limits.
RWARNING
Driving too fast for conditions creates the possibility of loss of vehicle control. Driving at very high speeds for extended periods of time may result in damage to vehicle components.
Speed limiter
All models are equipped with an electronic engine control system (EEC) which limits the maximum engine speed and thus road speed in top gear. Vehicle operation is normal since the controlled maximum speed is above posted highway speeds in North America. Driving in Bad Weather
Slippery roads
Drive cautiously on wet or snowy roads: q Do not quickly move the steering wheel
unless necessary.
q Drive slower than you normally would. q Give your vehicle more distance to stop. q To stop on ice, shift to Neutral below 10 mph
(16 km/h) and gently pump brakes. (Except with 4WAL)
q Consider using one of the lower gears.
For 4x4 vehicles, engage 4WD, and try to drive slowly away.
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RWARNING
To avoid losing control on slippery roads, do not downshift into Low with the automatic transmission when moving faster than 20 mph (32 km/h). Do not downshift into First with the manual transmission when moving faster than 5 mph (8 km/h).
RWARNING
The rear antilock brake system may not prevent brake lock-up on extremely slippery surfaces. Rear brake lock-up may also occur while driving in four-wheel drive because the transfer case couples the front and rear axles together.
Traction-Lok Rear Axle (If equipped)
This axle provides added drive away traction on slippery surfaces, particularly when one or more wheels are on a surface with poor traction.
Extended use of other than matching size tires on a Traction-Lok rear axle could result in a permanent reduction in effectiveness. This loss of effectiveness does not affect normal driving and should not be noticeable to the driver.
RWARNING
To avoid injury, never run the engine with one wheel off the ground, such as when changing a tire.
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High water
Never attempt to cross water that is fast flowing or of unknown depth.
Do not drive through flooded areas unless you are sure that the water is below the bottom of the wheel hubs.
If you must drive through high water, drive slowly. You may have limited traction or wet brakes, so allow extra stopping distance because your vehicle will not stop as quickly as usual.
After you drive through the standing water, apply your brakes gently several times as your vehicle moves slowly. This helps to dry the brakes.
NOTE: If the transmission and transfer case is submerged in water, their fluids should be checked and changed, if necessary.
NOTE: All rear axle lube quantities must be
replaced every 100,000 miles (160,000 km) or if the axle has been submerged in water. Otherwise, the lube should not be checked or changed unless a leak is suspected or repair required.
Rocking the vehicle
For 4x4 vehicles, engage 4WD LOW, when the vehicle gets stuck and try to drive away.
If your vehicle gets stuck (for example, in mud or snow), you may rock it out of the spot. Shift in a steady rhythm between forward and reverse gears. Allow the transmission to fully engage, then press lightly on the accelerator. Do not rock the vehicle for more than a few minutes. This
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may overheat the engine and transmission, causing damage to both. In addition, other vehicle systems and components may also be damaged.
RWARNING
Do not spin the wheels at over 35 mph (56 km/h). The tires may fail and injure a passenger or bystander.
Driving With a Heavy Load There are limits to the amount of weight your vehicle can carry or tow. The total weight of your vehicle, plus the weight of the passengers and cargo, should never be more than the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). Also, the weight that your vehicle carries over the front axle and rear axle should never be more than the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) for the respective axle.
The weight limits of your vehicle’s tires affect the GVWR or GAWR limitations. Usage of replacement tires with higher weight limit than originals does not increase GVWR or GAWR. Usage of lower capacity replacement tires may lower GVWR and GAWR limitations.
RWARNING
If the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the Safety Compliance Certification Label is exceeded, your vehicle may be damaged or you may lose control and injure someone.
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Heavy duty front suspension package (option)
This optional front suspension package is designed to handle the additional loads that will be imposed on the vehicle by adding aftermarket equipment, such as a snowplow. Refer to the Safety Compliance Certification Label for details. Vehicle/Trailer Loads
All vehicles may tow a Class I trailer provided the Gross Combined Weight (GCW) is less than or equal to the GVWR shown on the Safety Compliance Certification Label. For heavier trailer applications, refer to the towing information found later in this chapter. Trailer Towing (may require trailer tow option package)
Towing a trailer puts additional loads on your vehicle’s engine, transmission, axle, brakes, tires and suspension. For your safety and for the good of your vehicle, use the right equipment for the type of trailer you tow.
If your trailer is equipped with electric brakes, auxiliary battery, or back-up lamps, the optional 7 wire trailer towing electrical hook-up will be required on the vehicle.
Your trailer towing capability will vary based on the standard and optional equipment on your vehicle. Refer to the following Vehicle Loading/Towing Information and the Trailer Towing Tables to determine the specific towing capability of your vehicle.
Stay within the load limits when you tow.
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q Carefully and thoroughly prepare your
vehicle for towing, making sure to use the right equipment and to attach it properly. (See Preparing to Tow in this chapter.)
q Use extra caution when driving your vehicle while you tow. (See Driving while you tow in this chapter.)
Service your vehicle more frequently if you tow a trailer. (See Servicing your vehicle if you tow in this chapter.)
Do not tow a trailer until your vehicle has been driven at least 500 miles (800 km). Vehicle Loading/Towing Information Your vehicle’s load capacity is designated by weight, not volume, so you cannot necessarily use all available space with large or heavy loads. Maximum safe vehicle weights as well as tire, rim sizes and inflation pressures are specified for your vehicle at the assembly plant on the Safety Compliance Certification Label. The Certification Label is located on the left front door lock facing or the door latch post pillar.
Trucks, unlike passenger cars, are basically custom vehicles designed to carry a load. Most owners start with a base vehicle and add production and dealer installed and/or aftermarket components to suit their tastes and purposes. Even trucks that are purchased for personal transportation only are likely to have considerable optional equipment, such as step bumpers and light bars, for example.
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RWARNING
Passengers should not be allowed to ride in the cargo area. Persons not riding in a seat with a fastened seat belt are much more likely to suffer serious injury in a collision. Cargo should always be secured to prevent it from shifting and causing damage to the vehicle or harm to passengers.
Each additional item of equipment affects how much cargo a vehicle can carry. If a vehicle is overloaded, performance will suffer and service concerns may arise.
The following is a typical example of a Safety Compliance Certification Label and an explanation of how this information should be used:
Safety Compliance Certification Label
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Do not use the sample numbers on the Safety Compliance Certification Label shown. Use the actual numbers from your vehicle certification label. Understanding Loading/Towing Information The following terms are used to describe the ability to carry or tow a load: q Base Curb Weight q Payload q GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight) q GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating) q GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating) q GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating) q Maximum Trailer Weight Rating q Maximum Trailer Weight q Trailer Weight Range Base Curb Weight The Base Curb Weight is the weight of the vehicle including fuel, coolants, lubricants, emergency tools, spare wheel and tire. It also includes any equipment that is standard on that model. It does not include passengers, cargo or optional equipment installed by factory, dealer, aftermarket supplier or customer. Payload Payload is the combined, maximum allowable weight of cargo, occupants and optional equipment that the truck is designed to carry. It is Gross Vehicle Weight Rating minus the base curb weight.
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Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) If you add base curb weight and the weight of a load (including passengers, cargo and optional equipment) being carried at a particular time, you get the Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW). It is important to remember that GVW is not a limit or a specification. If an owner loads up a vehicle and weighs it, that’s the GVW at that moment. If the owner piles on more of a load and weighs it again, that becomes the GVW...until such time as the vehicle is unloaded. Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) To avoid overloading a vehicle, the owner should observe the manufacturer’s specified Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. The GVWR is the maximum total weight of base vehicle, passengers, optional components and cargo that a particular vehicle was designed to carry. Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) We have all seen a car or a truck that is loaded down in the rear and riding high in the front. This is a dangerous condition that usually means that the rear suspension components are under severe strain and that vehicle handling is impaired. There is more to carrying a load than just payload or GVWR. Your Safety Compliance Certification Label not only gives the GVWR, it also gives the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) which is the carrying capacity for each axle system. For trucks, the rear axle will be designed to carry more weight than the front. The rating is based on the carrying capacity of the lowest rated axle and suspension component as well as other factors. This is why it’s so important to observe vehicle loading ratings.
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Overloading a vehicle punishes components and can lead to shortened service life or outright failure. The capacity of the tires is included as part of the axle and suspension system, which is to be considered when determining the lowest rated component. Tires are rated to carry a specific maximum load at a specific maximum tire pressure. Passenger car type tires when installed on light trucks and multipurpose passenger vehicles are rated at 10% lower load carrying capacity due to the differences in vehicle usages. The vehicle must not be loaded to both the front and rear GAWR because the GVWR will be exceeded. The GAWR of the front and rear axles exceed the GVWR when added together to allow flexibility in fore and aft loading of cargo. With the tires inflated to the specified pressure the total weight of your vehicle must not exceed the GVWR and GAWR specified on the Safety Compliance Certification Label. This includes full fuel tank(s), vehicle equipment, and occupants as well as the cargo load. GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating) GCWR is the maximum combined weight of the towing vehicle (including passengers and cargo) and the loaded trailer. The GCWR is specified by the manufacturer to indicate the combined maximum loaded weight that the vehicle is designed to tow. Maximum Trailer Weight Rating The maximum weight of a trailer the vehicle is permitted to tow. The maximum trailer weight rating is specified by the manufacturer and is determined by subtracting the vehicle curb
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weight for each engine/transmission combination, any required option weight for trailer towing and the weight of the driver from the GCWR for the towing vehicle.
Maximum Trailer Weight
The maximum weight of a trailer the loaded vehicle is permitted to tow. The maximum weight of the trailer is determined by subtracting the weight of the loaded towing vehicle (including passengers and cargo) from the GCWR for the towing vehicle.
Trailer Weight Range
The trailer weight range is a specified range by weight, which the trailer must fall within, ranging from zero to the maximum trailer weight rating. Calculating The Load
To know how much weight your vehicle can carry: q Obtain ratings from your Safety Compliance
Certification Label, and the Trailer towing specifications in the owner guide (refer to the Index)
— Refer to the following sample illustration
to locate the various ratings on your Safety Compliance Certification Label.
— If you do not plan on pulling a trailer, do
not include these ratings into your calculations.
q Weigh your vehicle as you customarily
operate the vehicle without cargo.
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Subtract the total weight of passengers, driver and optional equipment added by the factory, dealer or aftermarket supplier to determine how much cargo weight you can carry.
Sample label
If you suspect that your payload is excessive, have your vehicle weighed at a highway weigh station or appropriate commercial facility. Weigh the total vehicle and trailer (if applicable), then separately weigh the vehicle at the front and rear wheels. And finally, weigh the trailer separately if applicable.
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Use this chart to perform your calculations.
NOTE: The Truck Safety Compliance
Certification Label has two weight related entries that sometimes cause confusion.
Front Axle Reserve Capacity in Pounds: On the sample label, this value is given as 83 pounds (38 kgs). Does this mean that you are limited to adding only 83 pounds (38 kgs) of accessories to the front end capacity? Not exactly. This says that you can load 83 pounds (38 kgs) of options on the front axle, add 150 pound (68 kgs)
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passengers to all seating positions, and add evenly distributed cargo in the box without exceeding the GAWR F. It is possible to hang heavier equipment on the front as long as the vehicle owner/operator compensates. This can be accomplished, if necessary, by carrying fewer passengers, less cargo or positioning cargo more toward the rear, which has the effect of reducing the load on the front. Keep in mind that the GAWR F, GAWR R, nor the GVWR should ever be exceeded. Total Accessory Reserve Capacity in Pounds: On the sample label this value is given as 112
pounds (51 kgs). This is a number that is related to government crash test standards, and only indirectly reflects on the amount of accessory weight that can be carried. In the case of both these numbers (83 and 112
pounds) (38 and 51 kgs), the important thing to remember is that for safe operation, an owner/operator should calculate the amount and the distribution of all weights (passengers, accessory equipment and cargo). These combined weights should fall below the vehicle’s GVWR and GAWR. Trailers Towing a trailer safely means having the proper weight on the tongue (usually 10% of the trailer weight). Load-equalizing hitches on large rigs may transfer weight to each of the vehicle’s axles. This weight must be included in capacity calculations when determining if the vehicle is loaded within safe limits. If your vehicle exceeds the GVWR, remove cargo from your vehicle accordingly. If your vehicle exceeds the GAWR for either axle, shift the load or remove cargo accordingly.224
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RWARNING
If the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the Safety Compliance Certification Label is exceeded, your vehicle may be damaged or you may lose control and injure someone.
RWARNING
Towing trailers beyond the maximum recommended gross trailer weight could result in engine damage, transmission/axle damage, structural damage, loss of control, and personal injury.
Using the Safety Compliance Certification Label find the axle code number and the engine type for your vehicle.
Use the appropriate Maximum Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR) chart to find the Maximum GCWR for your type engine and rear axle ratio.
Subtract your Loaded Vehicle Weight from the Maximum GCWR found in the chart. This is the maximum trailer weight your vehicle can tow and must fall below the maximum shown under Trailer Weight on the chart.
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thirty pica chart:0020159-C
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Automatic Transmissions
twenty-two pica chart:0020160-E
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Manual Transmissions
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Required equipment
Super Cooling is required with trailers over 2,000 lb (907 kg).
Super Cooling and Handling/Suspension Package or trailer towing package is required with trailers over 3,500 lb (1587 kg).
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Preparing to Tow
For your safety and for the good of your vehicle, use the right equipment for the type of trailer you tow. Also, make sure that all towing equipment is properly attached to your vehicle. If you are not certain that you are using the right equipment in the proper manner, see your Ford or Lincoln-Mercury dealer.
Hitches
Do not install a single or multi-clamp type bumper hitch, or a hitch which attaches to the axle. Underbody mounted hitches are acceptable if installed properly. Follow towing instructions of a reputable rental agency.
Whenever a trailer hitch and hardware are removed, make sure all mounting holes in the underbody are properly sealed to prevent noxious gases or water from entering.
Trailer Tow/Step bumper
The step bumper has a built-in hitch and only requires a ball with a one inch shank diameter. The step bumper has a limited Class III capability (4,000 lb/1814 kg trailer weight and 400 lb/180 kg tongue weight).
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NOTE: The rated capacities (as shown in this
guide) for trailer towing with the factory bumper are only valid when the trailer hitch ball is installed directly into the ball hole in the bumper. Addition of bracketry to either lower the hitch ball position or extend the hitch ball rearward will significantly increase the loads on the bumper and its attachments. This can result in the failure of the bumper or the bumper attachments. Use of any type of hitch extensions should be considered abuse.
If it is necessary to relocate the trailer hitch ball position a frame mounted trailer hitch must be installed.
Safety Chains
Always use safety chains between your vehicle and trailer. Cross chains under the trailer tongue and allow slack for turning corners. Connect safety chains to the vehicle frame or hook retainers. Never attach chains to the bumper.
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Trailer Brakes Separate trailer brakes are required on most towed vehicles weighing over 1,500 lb (680 kg).
RWARNING
Do not connect a trailer’s hydraulic brake system directly to your vehicle’s brake system. Your vehicle may not have enough braking power and your chances of having a collision greatly increase.
Trailer Lamps Make sure your trailer lamps conform to Federal and local regulations. Your vehicle has been equipped for use with a 4-wire trailer tow electrical system (running lamps, right hand stop/turn, left hand stop/turn, and ground). Class I and Class II Trailer Tow electrical wiring provides two circuits (right hand and left hand) to operate trailer stop/turn tail lamps. Each stop/turn circuit will operate one combination stop/turn light bulb (# 1157, 3157, 2357, or 3357) on the trailer. Never add more than one trailer light bulb to one circuit. A wire harness (Ford part number F5TB-13A576-A) has been provided that connects to the frame wire harness at the rear of the vehicle and is compatible with most 4-wire trailer tow electrical systems. Always check trailer and vehicle functions (i.e., stop/turn signal, and running lights) before operating your vehicle and trailer. If your vehicle fails to function properly, do not operate your vehicle and trailer until corrections are made.
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*[DR38700( ALL)03/94]
*[DR38800( ALL)10/94]
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[DR38811(B F )05/95]
RWARNING
Always replace a fuse with one that has the specified amperage rating. Using a fuse with a higher amperage rating can cause severe wire damage and could start a fire.
Driving while you tow
Be especially careful when driving while you tow a trailer. Never drive faster than 45 mph (70 km/h) when you tow in hilly country on hot days. Also, anticipate stops so that you can brake gradually.
If you use the speed control while you are towing on very long, steep grades, the speed control may shut off.
If your vehicle is equipped with an Electronic 4-Speed Automatic (E4OD or 4R70W) transmission, operate in Overdrive. Refer to the automatic transmission operation earlier in this chapter.
When descending a steep grade with a trailer, operate in Drive rather than Overdrive. If additional braking is needed, shift the automatic transmission gearshift into 2 (Second) gear or 1
(Low).If your vehicle is equipped with a manual 5-speed transmission, operate in 4th gear. Overdrive (5th) gear should not be used when towing.
If additional braking is needed when descending a steep grade with a trailer, downshift the transmission into 3rd gear.
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*[DR39200( ALL)05/90]
*[DR39300( ALL)11/89]
*[DR39400( ALL)11/89]
*[DR39500( ALL)05/95]
Servicing your vehicle if you tow
If you tow a trailer for a long distance, your vehicle will need to be serviced more frequently than usual. Refer to the Maintenance Schedule and Record booklet for additional information. Trailer towing tips
Before starting on a trip, practice turning, stopping and backing in an area away from heavy traffic. Get to know the “feel” of the vehicle/trailer combination.
Practice backing up. Back up very slowly, with someone outside at the rear of your trailer to guide you. Place your hand at the bottom of the steering wheel and move it in the direction you want the rear of the trailer to swing. Slight movement of the steering wheel results in a much larger movement of the rear of the trailer.
Allow more room for stopping with a trailer attached. Trailer brakes should be applied first, whether manually or automatically controlled, when approaching a stop.
For a good handling truck-trailer combination, the trailer tongue load should be approximately 10-15% of the loaded trailer weight.
Make a thorough check of your equipment before starting out on the road. After you have traveled about 50 miles (80 km) stop in a protected area and double-check your hitch and electrical connections. Also check trailer wheel lug nuts for tightness.
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*[DR40200( ALL)11/89]
*[DR40300(B F )03/91]
*[DR40400(B F )08/94]
When turning, drive slightly beyond the normal turning point so the trailer wheels will clear curbs or other obstructions.
When stopped in traffic for long periods of time in hot weather, place the gearshift selector lever in P (Park) to increase the engine idle speed. This aids in engine cooling and air conditioner efficiency. If the engine overheats, move the function selector knob to VENT to stop the compressor and increase the engine speed for a short time.
Vehicles with trailers should not be parked on a grade. However, if you must park on a grade, place wheel chocks under the trailer’s wheels as follows: q Apply the foot service brakes and hold. q Have another person place the wheel chocks
under the trailer wheels.
q With the chocks in place, release the foot service brakes, making sure the chocks are holding.
For automatic transmissions — apply the parking brake by pressing the service brake pedal down firmly with your right foot while applying the parking brake pedal with your left foot.
For manual transmissions — apply the service brake and shift into N (NEUTRAL) while still maintaining pressure on the service brake pedal. Set the parking brake fully.
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*[DR41260(B F )02/92] *[DR41275(B )01/93]
Shift an automatic transmission into Park (P). Put the gearshift of a manual transmission in Reverse. If your vehicle is equipped with four-wheel drive make sure the transfer case is not in Neutral.
To start, after being parked on a grade: q Apply the foot service brakes and hold
Start the engine Shift transmission into gear and release the parking brake
q Release the foot service brakes and move the
vehicle uphill to free the wheel chocks
q Apply the foot service brakes and hold while
another person retrieves the chocks.
Snowplowing
RWARNING
Do not use this vehicle for snowplowing.
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%*[RE00900( ALL)05/95]
Roadside Emergencies
Jump-Starting Your Vehicle Your vehicle’s battery may die if you leave the lights on or any electrical equipment on after you turn the engine off. If this happens, you may be able to jump-start from a booster battery to start your vehicle.
RWARNING
The gases around the battery can explode if exposed to flames, sparks, or lit cigarettes. An explosion could result in injury or vehicle damage.
RWARNING
To protect yourself when charging a battery, always shield your face and eyes. Make sure that you can breathe fresh air.
RWARNING
Applying too much pressure on the ends when lifting a battery could cause acid to spill. Lift the battery with a carrier or with your hands on the opposite corners.
RWARNING
Batteries contain sulfuric acid which burns skin, eyes, and clothing.
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*[RE01300( ALL)03/95]
*[RE01400( ALL)04/95]
If the acid touches someone’s skin, eyes, or clothing, immediately flush the area with water for at least 15 minutes. If someone swallows the acid, have him or her drink lots of milk or water first, then Milk of Magnesia, a beaten egg, or vegetable oil. Call a doctor immediately.
RWARNING
Do not push-start your vehicle. You could damage the catalytic converter. For further information, see Jumper Cables in the Index.
To avoid damaging your vehicle or your battery, and to avoid injury to yourself, follow these directions for preparing your vehicle to jump-start and connecting the jumper cables in the order they are given. If in doubt, call for road service. Preparing Your Vehicle
1. Your vehicle has a 12-volt starting system, so
you need to use a 12-volt jumper system. You will damage your starting motor, ignition system, and other electrical parts if you connect them to a 24-volt power supply (either two 12-volt batteries in series or a 24-volt generator set).
2. Do not disconnect the battery of the disabled
vehicle. You could damage the vehicle’s electrical system.
3. Park the booster vehicle close to the hood of the disabled vehicle. Make sure the vehicles do not touch each other. Set the parking brake on both vehicles and stay clear of the engine cooling fan and other moving parts.
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4. Check all battery terminals and remove any
excessive corrosion before you attach the jumper cables.
5. Turn on the heater fan in both vehicles.
Turning on the fan helps protect the electrical system from voltage surges. Turn off all other switches and lights in both vehicles to prevent possible damage to either vehicle’s electrical systems.
Connecting the jumper cables
1. Connect one end of the first jumper cable to
the positive (+) terminal of the discharged battery. (You can connect either jumper cable to the positive (+) terminal, as long as you use the same cable for both positive terminals.) Most jumper cables have a red cable and a black cable. The red cable is generally used for the positive terminals and the black for the negative ones.
2. Connect the other end of the first cable to
the positive (+) terminal of the booster battery.
3. Connect one end of the second cable to the negative (-) terminal of the booster battery — NOT to the discharged battery.
4. Connect the other end of the second cable to
a good metallic surface on the engine or frame of the disabled vehicle.
RWARNING
Do not connect the end of the second cable to the negative (-) terminal of the battery to be jumped. A spark may cause an explosion of the gases that surround the battery.
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Attaching jumper cables Jump-Starting 1. Make sure that the jumper cables are not in the way of moving engine parts, then start the booster vehicle. Run the engine at a moderate speed.
2. Let the discharged battery charge for a few minutes and then start the disabled vehicle. It may take a couple of tries before the vehicle starts. If the vehicle does not start after several attempts, there may be a different problem.
3. When both vehicles are running, let them
idle for a few minutes to charge the discharged battery.
Removing jumper cables 1. Always remove the jumper cables in the
reverse order. Remove the negative (Ҁ) end of the jumper cable from the metallic surface on the engine or frame of the disabled vehicle.
2. Remove the negative (Ҁ) cable from the
booster battery.
3. Remove the positive (+) cable from the
booster battery.
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*[RE04280(BEF )10/94]
4. Remove the other end of the positive (+)
cable from the discharged battery.
After the vehicle is started, let it idle for a while to let the engine “relearn” its idle conditions. Drive it around for a while with all electrical accessories turned off to let the battery recharge. You may need to use a battery charger to fully recharge the battery.
If you need to replace your battery, see Battery in the Servicing Your Vehicle chapter. Changing a Tire If you get a flat tire while you are driving, do not apply the brake heavily. Instead, gradually decrease the speed. Hold the steering wheel firmly and slowly move to a safe place on the side of the road. Park on a level spot, turn off the ignition, set the parking brake, and turn on the hazard flashers. The Conventional Spare Tire
If you have the conventional spare tire, you can use it as a spare or as a regular tire. This spare tire is identical to the other tires that come with your vehicle, although the wheel may not match.
RWARNING
To avoid injury, never run the engine with one wheel off the ground, such as when changing a tire.
Extended use of other than matching size spare tires on a Traction-Lok axle could result in a permanent reduction in effectiveness. This loss of effectiveness does not affect normal driving and should not be noticeable to the driver.
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Spare Tire Location The spare tire for your Bronco is mounted inside on a carrier at the right rear quarter panel unless you have an optional outside mounted spare tire. To remove the spare tire, remove the wing nut and plate. If so equipped, use a door key to unlock the lock assembly and remove the plate. To stow the spare tire, place the wheel on the bolt and tighten the plate and wing nut, or lock assembly, if so equipped.
[RE08100(B )05/90]
Inside spare tire assembly
one third page art:0020322-C
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Spare tire mount The optional outside mounted spare tire is mounted on a swing-away carrier that hinges on the outside right rear corner of the truck.
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To remove the outside mounted spare tire:
Removal and installation of spare tire cover
1. Lift the edge of the spare tire cover behind the top of the tire and slide the cover over the tire and downward.
2. Remove the security lock, retaining nut and
mounting plate.
3. Slide the tire outward and lift off the carrier.
If you have difficulty removing the retaining nut, turn the nut counterclockwise by using the tapered end of the lug nut wrench in one of the slots at either end of the retaining nut.
To stow the outside mounted spare tire:
1. Place the spare tire on the carrier over the
bolt, styled side in.
2. Place the plate on the bolt and tighten the
retaining nut securely.
3.
Install security lock.
4. Position the cover over the edge of the tire
with the drainage eyelet at the bottom. Slide the cover upward, wrapping it around the edge of the tire until the cover is completely fitted.
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*[RE15335(B F )12/91]
NOTE: If your truck has optional aluminum
wheels, you should slip the anti-scratch spacer over the “J” bolt between the tire and carrier to prevent scratching the aluminum styled-side surface.
Optional outside mounted spare tire and carrier
RWARNING
Make sure the spare tire and jacking equipment are stowed and secured in the proper storage location.
Preparing to Change the Tire NOTE: To lift your vehicle by other than the front or rear jacking points, be sure to use only hoist adapters with a wide contact surface.
1. Make sure that your vehicle will not move
or roll. If you have an automatic transmission, put the gearshift in Park. If you have a manual transmission, put the gearshift in Reverse. Set the parking brake and block the wheel that is diagonally opposite the tire that you are changing.
NOTE: Make sure the ignition is in the OFF
position.
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If you have a four-wheel drive vehicles with manual locking hubs, put transfer case lever in 2H, 4H, or 4L.
When one of the back wheels is off the ground, the transmission alone will not prevent the vehicle from moving or slipping off the jack, even if the vehicle is in P (Park) or 1 (First). To prevent the vehicle from moving when you change a tire, be sure the parking brake is set, then block the wheel (both directions) that is diagonally opposite (other side and end of the vehicle) to the tire that is being changed.
RWARNING
If the vehicle slips off the jack, you or someone else could be seriously injured.
When the transfer case is in the N (Neutral) position, the engine and transmission are disconnected from the rest of the driveline. Therefore, the vehicle is free to roll even if the automatic transmission is in P (Park) or the manual transmission is in gear.
RWARNING
Do not leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the N (Neutral) position. Always set the parking brake fully and turn off the ignition when leaving the vehicle.
2. Get out the spare tire and jack.
The jack and lug wrench are stowed under the hood on the right front fender inner panel, and the jack handle is on the radiator support.
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Jack and assembly location
3. Use the tapered end of the lug nut wrench
to unscrew wheel ornaments attached by retaining screws. Remove any wheel trim. Insert the tapered end of the lug nut wrench behind wheel covers or hubcaps and twist off.
4. Loosen the wheel nuts by pulling up on the handle of the lug nut wrench about one-half turn (counterclockwise). Do not remove the wheel lug nuts until you raise the tire off the ground.
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one third page art:0020295-A
Removing and Replacing the Tire
1.
Insert the jack handle into the jack and use the handle to slide the jack under the vehicle.
RWARNING
To avoid injury, never run the engine with one wheel off the ground, such as when changing a tire.
RWARNING
To lessen the risk of personal injury, do not put any part of your body under the vehicle while changing a tire. Do not start the engine when your vehicle is on the jack. The jack is only meant for changing the tire.
2. Positioning the jack
a. To raise a front wheel or a rear wheel,
place the jack as shown in the following illustrations.
Jacking point
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Jacking point
b. Turn the jack handle clockwise until the
wheel is completely off the ground.
3. Remove the lug nuts with the lug nut
wrench.
4. Replace the flat tire with the spare tire. 5. Thread the lug nuts on the wheel studs with
the beveled face toward the wheel. Use the lug nut wrench to screw the lug nut snug against the wheel but do not tighten.
6. Lower the vehicle by turning the jack handle
counterclockwise.
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7. Remove the jack and fully tighten the lug nuts in the order shown in the following illustration.
Lug nut tightening sequence
RWARNING
Use of wheels or lug nuts other than original equipment could cause damage to the wheel or mounting system and allow the wheels to come off while the vehicle is in motion.
8. Replace any wheel covers, ornaments, or hub
caps that your vehicle has. Make sure that they are screwed or snapped into place.
9. Put the tire, jack, and wrench away. (Make sure jack is securely fastened so it doesn’t rattle when you drive.) The carrier is designed to hold the temporary spare which comes with your vehicle. The stowage of a full size tire in the spare tire carrier may damage the tire or the vehicle. The flat full size tire should be stowed securely in the vehicle until it can be repaired.
10. Unblock the wheels.
Retighten the wheel lug nuts to the specified torque at 500 miles (800 km) of new vehicle operation and at intervals specified in the Maintenance Schedule and Record booklet.
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Also retighten to the specified torque at 500
miles (800 km) of operation after any wheel change or any time the lug nuts are loosened.RWARNING
Failure to retighten wheel lug nuts at mileages specified could allow wheels to come off while the vehicle is in motion.
If the Engine Cranks But Does Not Start or Does Not Start After a Collision The Fuel Pump Shut-off Switch
If the engine cranks but does not start or if you have had a collision, the fuel pump shut-off switch may have been triggered. The shut-off switch is a device that stops the fuel pump when your vehicle has been involved in a substantial jolt.
For information on how to check and reset the fuel pump shut-off switch, see Fuel pump shut-off switch in the Index.
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Towing Your Vehicle If you need to have your vehicle towed, contact a professional towing service or, if you are a member, your roadside assistance center. Recommended towing options include wheel lift towing or flat bed towing.
*[RE24950( ALL)]
When calling for a tow truck, tell the operator what kind of vehicle you have. A towing
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*[RE26475(B F )06/94]
*[RE26500(B F )06/94] *[RE26615(B F )03/91]
manual is available from Ford Motor Company for all authorized tow truck operators. Have your tow truck driver refer to this manual for the proper hook-up and towing procedures for your vehicle. Towing Four-Wheel Drive Vehicles With a Lever-Operated Transfer Case q Place transmission gearshift (automatic or
manual) in N (Neutral).
q Lock steering wheel straight ahead if vehicle
is to be towed with rear wheels off the ground. Set manual locking hubs in FREE position or disengage the automatic locking hubs by shifting the transfer case to 2H and drive the vehicle in the opposite direction for a minimum of 10 feet (3 meters) in a straight line.
NOTE: Confirm by observation that the front
driveshaft is not rotating prior to towing with the rear wheels off the ground.
q Place transfer case in N (Neutral). NOTE: The transfer case neutral setting is
located between 4H and 4L. In order to place the transfer case in neutral, first place the lever in the 4H position, then push down (toward the ground) on the shift knob and at the same time pull slightly rearward until the lever is between the 4H and 4L position. With the ignition in the on position, both 4x4 and LOW RANGE indicator lights will be off when the transfer case is in neutral. These lights will also be off when the transfer case is in the 2H position.
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*[RE27301(B F )06/94]
*[RE27350(B F )06/94]
There are no wrecker or recreational vehicle towing restrictions on method or distance if the above preparations are made. q Vehicle speed should not exceed 55 mph
(88 km/h). This applies with the front wheels off the ground, the rear wheels off the ground, or both front and rear wheels on the ground.
Towing Four-Wheel Drive Vehicles With Touch Drive Electric Shift Transfer Case q Place transmission gearshift (automatic or
manual) in N (Neutral).
q Place transfer case in 2H. NOTE: Both the 4 x 4 and LOW RANGE
indicator lights in the instrument panel will be off when the transfer case is in 2H.
q Lock steering wheel straight ahead if vehicle
is to be towed with rear wheels off the ground.
q When towing your vehicle with the rear
wheels off the ground, the front axle automatic locking hubs must first be disengaged by shifting the transfer case to 2H and moving the vehicle forward for a minimum of 10 feet (3 meters) in a straight line. Do not exceed a vehicle speed of 55 mph (88 km/h) while towing.
NOTE: Confirm by observation that the front
driveshaft is not rotating prior to towing with the rear wheels off the ground.
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q When towing your vehicle with the rear
wheels on the ground or all four wheels on the ground and the driveshafts connected, do not exceed 35 mph (56 km/h) or transmission damage could result. If a distance of 50 miles (80 km) is exceeded, disengage the automatic locking hubs and disconnect the rear driveshaft from the axle and secure. (Max speed 55 mph [88 km/h] with driveshafts disconnected.)
RWARNING
Never use a tow bar that attaches to the bumper when you tow your vehicle. This could damage the bumper and cause an accident.
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Customer Assistance
Roadside Assistance Ford Motor Company has set up a 24-hour, seven-day-a-week hotline with trained operators that put you in touch with the help you need if you experience a problem with your vehicle. This complimentary service is provided to you throughout your warranty period of 3 years or 36,000 miles (3 years or 60,000 km), whichever comes first. To purchase Roadside Assistance coverages beyond this period, through Ford Auto Club, contact your Ford or Lincoln-Mercury dealer (not available in Canada).
Roadside Assistance will cover the following: q Mount your spare if you have a flat tire.
Jump-start your battery if it is dead.
q Unlock your vehicle if you are locked out. q Bring you fuel if you run out. q Tow your vehicle if you are stranded. Even non-warranty related tows, like accidents or getting stuck in mud or snow, are covered (some exclusions apply, such as impound towing and repossession).
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How to use Roadside Assistance
Your Roadside Assistance identification card can be found in the Owner Guide portfolio in your glove compartment. Complete the card and place it in your wallet for quick reference.
To receive roadside assistance in the United States call 1-800-241-FORD (in Canada call 1-800-665-2006).
Should you need to arrange for roadside assistance yourself, Ford Motor Company will reimburse the reasonable cost. To obtain information about reimbursement call 1-800-241-FORD (in Canada call 1-800-665-2006). If You Have a Service Problem Ford Motor Company has authorized Ford and Lincoln-Mercury dealerships that can service your vehicle for you. This chapter tells you how to get service or maintenance for your vehicle. Service/Maintenance Concerns (U.S. or Canada)
Ford recommends taking your vehicle to your selling dealer who wants to ensure your continued satisfaction. You may, however, take your vehicle to any authorized Ford or Lincoln-Mercury dealer. In most cases, your dealer will be able to resolve your concern.
If you are not satisfied with the service you received from your dealership’s service department, talk to the service manager at the dealership. If you still are not satisfied, talk to the owner or general manager of the dealership. In most cases, you will have your concern resolved at this level.
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If you are away from home when your vehicle needs to be serviced, or if you need more help than the dealer gave you, contact the Ford Customer Assistance Center to find an authorized dealership that may be able to help.
In the U.S., contact:
If you live in Canada and have any questions or concerns that the dealership cannot answer, contact the Customer Assistance Centre.
Please have the following information available when contacting Ford Customer Assistance:
your telephone number (both business and home)
the name of the dealer and the city where the dealership is located
the year and make of your vehicle
