2007 Dodge Durango Owners Manual

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sooner by pushing any button except the POWER/FAN knob, the rear button, the driver/passenger temp rocker buttons. NOTE: The display will show “REAR OFF.” 240 INSTRUMENT PANEL AND CONTROLS REAR AUTO This mode places the rear system in automatic tempera- ture control. Rear temperature can be set as desired (72 recommended for average person) and will be displayed digitally on the front control when in rear mode. Rear Window Defrosting and Rear Window Washer/Wiper See the “Rear Window Features” section of this book. Rear Zone Climate Control — If Equipped Headliner air comes from the outlets in the headliner. Each of these outlets can be individually adjusted to direct the flow of air. Moving the air vane knobs on the outlets to one side will shut off the airflow. The rear compartment control uses two rotary knobs: one for the temperature control and the other for the fan speed control. The mode for the rear air conditioning and INSTRUMENT PANEL AND CONTROLS 241 heating system is always controlled by the front control unit. Fan and temperature can be controlled from the front control unit or the rear control unit. Rear Rotary Blower Control The second row seat occupants have control of the rear blower speed, only when the front control unit is in the “REAR CONTROL” position or CONTROL IN REAR⬙ for ATC.⬙ The rear blower switch has an “Off” position and a range of blower speeds. Rotating the rear blower control clock- wise will increase the blower speed. Rear Rotary Temperature Control The second row seat occupants have contorl of the rear temperature only when the front control unit is in the ⬙REAR CONTROL⬙ position. 242 INSTRUMENT PANEL AND CONTROLS To change the temperature in the rear of the vehicle, rotate the temperature control knob to the right or left. The blue area indicates cooler temperatures while the red area indicates warmer temperatures. NOTE: For best operation, make sure that ventilation grilles located in the rear storage area are not obstructed by stowed articles. Front Unit to Rear Unit Chart If the Front Control is selected Panel Bi-Level Floor Mix Defrost Operating Tips Rear Airflow will come from Headliner Headliner Floor Floor Floor Fast Cooldown For a fast cooldown, set the blower fan to the highest setting, set the mode control to the panel fresh position, press the snowflake button to turn on the air condition- ing, and drive with the windows open for the first few minutes. Once the hot air has been expelled, close the windows and set the mode selector to the Recirculation panel or Recirculation Bi-level position. When a comfort- able condition has been reached, choose a mode position and adjust the temperature control and blower speed as necessary to maintain comfort. For high humidity condi- tions it may be necessary to remain in the Recirculation mode to maintain comfort. Window Fogging Windows will fog on the inside when the humidity inside the vehicle is high. This often occurs in mild or cool temperatures when it’s rainy or humid. In most cases turning on the Air-conditioning (pressing the snowflake button) will clear the fog. Adjust the temperature control, air direction and blower speed to maintain comfort. As the temperature gets colder it may be necessary to direct air onto the windshield by using MIX Mode position on the control. Adjust the temperature control and blower speed to maintain comfort. Interior fogging on the windshield can be quickly removed by selecting the defrost mode. INSTRUMENT PANEL AND CONTROLS 243 Regular cleaning of the inside of the windows with a non-filming cleaning solution (vinegar and water works very well) will help prevent contaminates (cigarette smoke, perfumes, etc.) from sticking to the windows. Contaminates increase the rate of window fogging. Summer Operation Air conditioned vehicles must be protected with a high quality antifreeze coolant during summer to provide proper corrosion protection and to raise the boiling point of the coolant for protection against overheating. A 50 % concentration is recommended. Winter Operation When operating the system during the winter months, make sure the air intake, located directly in front of the windshield, is free of ice, slush, snow, or other obstruc- tions. This will also prevent snow ingestion into the ducts. 244 INSTRUMENT PANEL AND CONTROLS Operating Tips Chart REAR WINDOW FEATURES Rear Window Wiper/Washer INSTRUMENT PANEL AND CONTROLS 245 A rotating switch located on the climate control panel turns the rear wiper On or Off. Pressing the rotating switch inward activates the rear window washer. Rotating the switch will enable one of five intermittent delay times for the rear wiper. The delay times range from 20 to 1 second. 246 INSTRUMENT PANEL AND CONTROLS If the rear wiper is operating when the ignition is turned off, the wiper will automatically return to the “Park” position. When the vehicle is restarted, the wiper will resume operation. Rear Window Defrosting A push-button type switch is located in the climate control panel. Press the switch and the rear win- dow defroster and electric remote control heated mirrors (if equipped) will turn On. An amber indicator on the push-button will light when the defroster is turned On. An symbol will be displayed when the defroster is turned on with an ATC control. Push again to turn Off prior to time-out. The defroster will automatically turn Off after fifteen minutes. For ten more minutes of operation, push the button again. To prevent excessive battery drain, use the defroster only when the engine is operating. CAUTION! Use care when washing the inside of the rear win- dow to prevent damage to heating elements. Use a soft cloth and a mild washing solution, wiping parallel to the heating elements. Also, keep all objects a safe distance from the window to prevent damaging the heating elements. STARTING AND OPERATING CONTENTS 䡵 Starting Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 ▫ Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 ▫ Normal Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 䡵 Engine Block Heater – If Equipped . . . . . . . . . . 253 䡵 Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 ▫ Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 䡵 Four-Wheel Drive Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 ▫ NV 144 Transfer Case Operating Information/Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 ▫ Shifting Procedure - NV 144 Transfer Case . . . 262 ▫ NV 244 Generation II Transfer Case Operating Information / Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 ▫ Shifting Procedure - NV 244 Generation II Transfer Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 䡵 Driving On Slippery Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 䡵 Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 䡵 Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 . . . 271 䡵 Power Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 ▫ Four-Wheel Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) 248 STARTING AND OPERATING 䡵 Electronic Brake Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 ▫ ABS (Anti-Lock Brake System) . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 ▫ BAS (Brake Assist System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 ▫ TCS (Traction Control System) . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 ▫ ERM (Electronic Roll Mitigation) . . . . . . . . . . 278 ▫ ESP (Electronic Stability Program) . . . . . . . . . 279 䡵 Multi Displacement System (MDS) - 5.7L Engine Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 䡵 Rocking The Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 䡵 Tire Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 ▫ Tire Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 ▫ Tire Identification Number (TIN) . . . . . . . . . . 288 ▫ Tire Loading And Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . 289 䡵 Tires — General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293 ▫ Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293 ▫ Tire Inflation Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294 ▫ Radial-Ply Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 ▫ Compact Spare Tire — If Equipped . . . . . . . . . 297 ▫ Limited Use Spare — If Equipped . . . . . . . . . 298 ▫ Tire Spinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 ▫ Tread Wear Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 ▫ Life Of Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 ▫ Replacement Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 ▫ Alignment And Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 䡵 Supplemental Tire Pressure Information – If Equipped . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 䡵 Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 䡵 Snow Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304 䡵 Tire Rotation Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 䡵 Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) — If Equipped . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 ▫ Base System – If Equipped . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 ▫ General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 䡵 Fuel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310 ▫ Reformulated Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 ▫ Gasoline/Oxygenate Blends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 ▫ MMT In Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 ▫ Materials Added To Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 ▫ Fuel System Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 STARTING AND OPERATING 249 䡵 Adding Fuel 䡵 Flexible Fuel ▫ Carbon Monoxide Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 ▫ Fuel Filler Cap (Gas Cap) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 ▫ Loose Fuel Filler Cap Message . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 ▫ E-85 General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 ▫ Ethanol Fuel (E-85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 ▫ Fuel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 ▫ Selection Of Engine Oil For Flexible Fuel Vehicles (E-85) And Gasoline Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 ▫ Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 ▫ Cruising Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 ▫ Replacement Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 250 STARTING AND OPERATING ▫ Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 䡵 Vehicle Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 ▫ Certification Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 ▫ Curb Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 ▫ Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 䡵 Trailer Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 ▫ Common Towing Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 ▫ Trailer Hitch Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328 ▫ Trailer Towing Weights (Maximum Trailer Weight Ratings) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 ▫ Trailer And Tongue Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 ▫ Towing Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 ▫ Towing Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 䡵 Snowplow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336 . . 336 䡵 Recreational Towing (Behind Motorhome, Etc.) . . 337 . . . . . . . . . 337 . . . . . . . . . 337 䡵 Equipment Identification Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 ▫ Recreational Towing 2WD Models ▫ Recreational Towing 4WD Models ▫ Dodge Durango Or Chrysler Aspen Models STARTING PROCEDURES Before starting your vehicle, adjust your seat, adjust both inside and outside mirrors, and fasten your seat belts. WARNING! Be sure to turn off the engine if you want to rest or sleep in your car. Accidents can be caused by inad- vertently moving the gear selection lever or by pressing the accelerator pedal. This may cause exces- sive heat in the exhaust system, resulting in over- heating and vehicle fire which may cause serious or fatal injuries. STARTING AND OPERATING 251 WARNING! Do not leave children or animals inside parked vehicles in hot weather. Interior heat build up may cause serious injury or death. Automatic Transmission Start the engine with the selector lever in NEUTRAL or PARK position. Apply the brake before shifting to any driving range. Normal Starting Normal Starting of either a warm or cold engine is obtained without pumping or depressing the accelerator pedal. Tip Start Feature Your vehicle has a “Tip Start” starting system. With “Tip Start” the driver does not need to hold the key in the 252 STARTING AND OPERATING ’Start’ position until the vehicle starts, but can release the key (still in the ignition) and the vehicle will continue through the start cycle. • Turn the ignition key to the START position, until the • Release the key (still in the ignition) and the starter will continue through the start cycle until the vehicle starts or for 5 seconds (whichever comes first). start motor engages. If Engine Fails To Start If the engine fails to start after you have followed the Normal Starting procedure, it may be flooded. Push the accelerator pedal all the way to the floor and hold it there while cranking the engine. This should clear any excess fuel in case the engine is flooded. CAUTION! To prevent damage to the starter, do not crank the engine for more than 15 seconds at a time. Wait 10 to 15 seconds before trying again. WARNING! Never pour fuel or other flammable liquid into the throttle body air inlet opening in an attempt to start the vehicle. This could result in flash fire causing serious personal injury. WARNING! Do not attempt to push or tow your vehicle to get it started. Vehicles equipped with an automatic trans- mission cannot be started this way. Unburned fuel could enter the catalytic converter and once the engine has started, ignite and damage the converter and vehicle. If the vehicle has a discharged battery, booster cables may be used to obtain a start from a booster battery or the battery in another vehicle. This type of start can be dangerous if done improperly. See section 6 of this manual for the proper jump starting procedures and follow them carefully. If the engine has been flooded, it may start to run, but not have enough power to continue running when the key is STARTING AND OPERATING 253 released. If this occurs, continue cranking with the accel- erator pedal pushed all the way to the floor. Release the accelerator pedal and the key once the engine is running smoothly. If the engine shows no sign of starting after two 15 second periods of cranking with the accelerator pedal held to the floor, the Normal Starting procedure should be repeated. After Starting The idle speed is automatically controlled on fuel injected engines and will decrease as the engine warms up. ENGINE BLOCK HEATER – IF EQUIPPED The engine block heater warms engine coolant and permits quicker starts in cold weather. Connect the cord to a standard 110-115 volt AC electrical outlet with a grounded, three wire extension cord. 254 STARTING AND OPERATING The 3.7L/4.7L engine block heater cord is located at the front of the engine compartment near the radiator cap. The 5.7L engine block heater cord is located on the left side of the engine compartment and rearward of the power distribution center. WARNING! Remember to disconnect the cord before driving. Damage to the 110-115 volt electrical cord could cause electrocution. AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION Automatic Transmission The electronic PRNDL on the instrument cluster indicates the transmission gear selected. The selector lever is mounted on the right side of the steering column. To drive, move the selector lever from Park or Neutral to the desired drive position. Pull selector lever toward you when shifting into Reverse, Second, First or Park, or when shifting out of Park. Brake/Transmission Interlock System This system prevents you from moving the gear shift out of Park and into any gear unless the brake pedal is pressed. This system is active only while the ignition switch is in the ON position. Always depress the brake pedal first, before moving the gear selector out of PARK. Gear Ranges DO NOT race the engine when shifting from Park or Neutral position into another gear range. “P” Park Supplements parking brake by locking the transmission. Engine can be started in this range. Never use Park while vehicle is in motion. Apply parking brake when leaving vehicle in this range. Always apply parking brake first, then place selector in Park position. WARNING! Your vehicle could move and injure you and others if it is not completely in P (Park). Check by trying to move the gearshift lever back and forth without first pulling the lever toward you, after you have set it in P (Park). Make sure it is in Park before leaving the vehicle. STARTING AND OPERATING 255 WARNING! Never use Park position on an automatic transmis- sion as a substitute for the parking brake. Always apply parking brake fully when parked to guard against vehicle movement and possible injury or damage. 256 STARTING AND OPERATING WARNING! It is dangerous to shift the selector lever out of “P” or “N” if the engine speed is higher than idle speed. If your foot is not firmly on the brake pedal, the vehicle could accelerate quickly forward or in re- verse. You could lose control of the vehicle and hit someone or something. Only shift into gear when the engine is idling normally and when your right foot is firmly on the brake pedal. “R” Reverse Use this range only after the vehicle has come to a complete stop. “N” Neutral Shift to Neutral when vehicle is standing for prolonged periods with engine running. Engine may be started in this range. Set the parking brake if you must leave the vehicle. NOTE: Towing the vehicle (except as specified under Towing A Disabled Vehicle), coasting, or otherwise driv- ing the vehicle while in N (Neutral) can cause severe transmission damage “D” Drive For most city and highway driving. “2” Second For driving slowly in heavy city traffic or on mountain roads where more precise speed control is desirable. Use it also when climbing long grades, and for engine brak- ing when descending moderately steep grades. To pre- vent excessive engine speed do not exceed 45 miles per hour (72 km/h) in this range. “1” First For driving up very steep hills and for engine braking at low speeds 25 mph (40 km/h) or less when going down hill. To prevent excessive engine speed do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h) in this range. Overdrive Operation The overdrive automatic transmission contains an elec- tronically controlled fourth and fifth (if equipped) speed (Overdrive). The transmission will automatically shift from Drive to Overdrive if the following conditions are present: • the transmission selector is in Drive; • the engine coolant has reached normal operating tem- • vehicle speed is above approximately 30 mph (48 • the “TOW/HAUL” switch has not been activated; perature; km/h); STARTING AND OPERATING 257 • transmission has reached normal operating tempera- ture. If the vehicle is started in extremely cold tem- NOTE: peratures, the transmission may not shift into Overdrive and will automatically select the most desirable gear for operation at this temperature. Normal operation will resume when the transmission fluid temperature has risen to a suitable level. Refer also to the Note under torque converter clutch, later in this section. If the transmission temperature gets extremely hot, the transmission will automatically select the most desirable gear for operation at this temperature. If the transmission temperature becomes hot enough the TRANS TEMP light may illuminate and the transmission may downshift out of Overdrive until the transmission cools down. After cooldown, the transmission will resume normal opera- tion. 258 STARTING AND OPERATING The transmission will downshift from Overdrive to Drive if the accelerator pedal is fully depressed at vehicle speeds above approximately 35 mph (56 km/h). When To Use “TOW/HAUL” Mode When driving in hilly areas, towing a trailer, carrying a heavy load, etc., and frequent transmission shifting oc- curs, press the “TOW/HAUL” button. This will improve 5th gear performance and reduce the potential for transmission overheating or failure due to excessive shifting. When operating in “TOW/HAUL” mode, (if equipped) is disabled and 2-3 and 3-4 shift patterns are modified. Shifts into Overdrive (4th gear) are allowed during steady cruise (for improved fuel economy) and automatic closed-throttle downshifts to 3rd gear (for improved braking) will occur during steady braking. The “TOW/HAUL” light will illuminate in the instru- ment cluster to indicate when the switch has been activated. Pressing the switch a second time restores normal operation. If the “TOW/HAUL” mode is desired, the button must be pressed each time the engine is started. Torque Converter Clutch A feature designed to improve fuel economy is included in all automatic transmissions. A clutch within the torque converter engages automatically at a calibrated speed at the light throttle. It engages at higher speeds under heavier acceleration. This may result in a slightly different feeling or response during normal operation in high gear. When the vehicle speed drops below a calibrated speed, or during acceleration, clutch automatically and smoothly disengages. The feature is operational in Over- drive and in Drive. NOTE: The torque converter clutch will not engage until the transmission fluid and engine coolant are warm [usually after 1-3 miles (1.6 - 4.8 km) of driving]. Because the engine speed is higher when the torque converter clutch is not engaged, it may seem as if the transmission is not shifting into Overdrive when cold. This is normal. Pressing the⬙TOW/HAUL⬙ button will demonstrate that the transmission is able to shift into and out of Overdrive. If the vehicle has not been driven in several NOTE: days, the first few seconds of operation after shifting the transmission into gear may seem sluggish. This is due to STARTING AND OPERATING 259 the fluid partially draining from the torque converter into the transmission. This condition is normal and will not cause damage to the transmission. The torque converter will refill within five seconds of shifting from Park into any other gear position. FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE OPERATION NV 144 Transfer Case Operating Information/Precautions The NV 144 is an electric shift transfer case and is operated by the Four-Wheel-Drive (4WD) Control Switch, which is located on the instrument panel. The NV 144 transfer case provides 2 mode positions: Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) and 4-Wheel-Drive Lock (4WD LOCK). The NV 144 transfer case is designed to be driven in for 4WD for normal street and highway conditions (all road surfaces roads). 260 STARTING AND OPERATING When additional traction is required, the transfer case 4WD LOCK position can be used to lock the front and rear driveshafts together and force the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. This is accomplished by rotating the 4WD Control Switch to the 4WD LOCK position - see Shifting Procedure section for specific shifting instructions. The 4WD LOCK position is de- signed for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Driving in the 4WD LOCK position on dry hard surfaced roads may cause increased tire wear and damage to the driveline components. Transfer Case Position Indicator Lights Transfer case position indicator lights are located on the instrument cluster, and indicate the current and desired transfer case selection. If there are no indicator lights on or flashing the transfer case position is Four-Wheel Drive (4WD). The “SVC 4WD” warning light monitors the electric shift 4WD system. If this light remains on after engine start up or illuminates during driving, it means that the 4WD system is not functioning properly and that service is required. WARNING! Always engage the parking brake when powering down the vehicle if the ⴖService 4WDⴖ light is illuminated. Not engaging the parking brake may allow the vehicle to roll which may cause personal injury. NOTE: Do not attempt to make a shift while only the front or rear wheels are spinning. The NV 144 transfer case is not equipped with a synchronizer and therefore the front and rear driveshaft speeds must be equal for the shift to take place. Shifting while only the front or rear wheels are spinning can cause damage to the transfer case. Proper operation of four-wheel-drive vehicles depends on tires of equal size, type and circumference on each wheel. Any difference in tire size can cause damage to the transfer case. Because four-wheel-drive provides improved traction, there is a tendency to exceed safe turning and stopping speeds. Do not go faster than road conditions permit. For additional information on the appropriate use of each transfer case mode position see the following informa- tion: STARTING AND OPERATING 261 4WD Normal Four-Wheel-Drive High Range - Employs inter- axle differential. Allows front and rear wheels to rotate at different speeds. All road surfaces. 4WD LOCK Four-Wheel-Drive Lock (4WD LOCK)- Locks the front and rear driveshafts together. Forces the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. Additional traction for loose, slippery road surfaces only. 262 STARTING AND OPERATING Shifting Procedure - NV 144 Transfer Case 4WD to 4WD LOCK or 4WD LOCK to 4WD With the key ON and the engine either OFF or RUN- NING, rotate the transfer case switch, located on the instrument panel to the desired position. NOTE: Delayed shifting out of 4WD LOCK may be experienced due to uneven tire wear, low tire pressure, or excessive vehicle loading. If any of the requirements to select a new NOTE: transfer case position have not been met, the transfer case will not shift. The indicator light will flash and the current transfer case position will be maintained. To retry a selection, turn the control knob back to the current position, wait five (5) seconds, and retry the shift. NOTE: The 4x4 system will not allow shifts between 4WD/4WD LOCK if the rear wheels are spinning (no traction). In this situation the position indicator light will continue to flash. At this time, reduce speed and stop spinning the wheels to complete the shift. There may be a delay up to 13 seconds for the shift to complete after the wheels have stopped spinning. NOTE: The ignition key must be ON for a shift to take place and for the position indicator lights to be operable. If the key is not ON then the shift will not take place and no position indicator lights will be on or flashing. NV 244 Generation II Transfer Case Operating Information / Precautions The NV 244 Generation II is an electric shift transfer case and is operated by the 4WD Control Switch, which is located on the instrument panel. The NV 244 Generation II transfer case provides 4 mode positions - Normal four-wheel-drive (4WD) high range, four-wheel-drive lock (4WD LOCK), four-wheel-drive low (4WD LOW) range, and neutral (N). This transfer case is equipped with an inter-axle differ- ential that allows driving the vehicle in the normal all-wheel-drive position (4WD) at all times on any given road surface, including dry hard surfaced roads. The 4WD mode allows the front and rear wheels to rotate at different speeds. This eliminates driveline binding and component wear normally associated with driving the STARTING AND OPERATING 263 vehicle in the 4WD LOCK position on dry hard surfaced roads. This feature provides the safety, security, and convenience of operating in all-wheel drive at all times regardless of road conditions. When additional traction is required, the 4WD LOCK and 4WD LOW positions can be used to lock the front and rear driveshafts together through the transfer case inter-axle differential and force the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. This is accomplished by rotating the 4WD Control Switch to these positions. The 4WD LOCK and 4WD LOW positions are intended for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Driving in the 4WD LOCK and 4WD LOW positions on dry hard surfaced roads may cause increased tire wear and damage to the driveline components. The transfer case Neutral (N) position is selected by depressing the recessed button located on the lower left hand corner of the 4WD Control Switch. 264 STARTING AND OPERATING NOTE: The transfer case Neutral (N) position is to be used for recreational towing only. See Recreational Tow- ing section for specific procedures on shifting into and out of Neutral (N). Transfer Case Position Indicator Lights Transfer case position indicator lights are located on the instrument cluster. If there are no indicator lights on or flashing the transfer case position is Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) and indicate the current and desired transfer case selection (4WD ⇔ 4WD LOCK). The “SVC 4WD” warning light monitors the electric shift 4WD system. If this light remains on after engine start up or illuminates during driving, it means that the 4WD system is not functioning properly and that service is required. WARNING! Always engage the parking brake when powering down the vehicle if the ⴖService 4WDⴖ light is illuminated. Not engaging the parking brake may allow the vehicle to roll which may cause personal injury. NOTE: Do not attempt to make a shift while only the front or rear wheels are spinning. The NV 244 Generation II transfer case is not equipped with a synchronizer and therefore the front and rear driveshaft speeds must be equal for the shift to take place. Shifting while only the front or rear wheels are spinning can cause damage to the transfer case. When operating your vehicle in 4WD LOW, the engine speed is approximately three times that of the 4WD or 4WD LOCK positions at a given road speed. Take care not to overspeed the engine and do not exceed 40 km/h (25 mph). Proper operation of four-wheel-drive vehicles depends on tires of equal size, type and circumference on each wheel. Any difference in tire size can cause damage to the transfer case. Because four-wheel drive provides improved traction, there is a tendency to exceed safe turning and stopping speeds. Do not go faster than road conditions permit. STARTING AND OPERATING 265 WARNING! You or others could be injured if you leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the Neutral (N) position without first fully engaging the parking brake. The transfer case Neutral (N) position disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain and will allow the vehicle to move regardless of the transmission position. The parking brake should always be applied when the driver is not in the vehicle. 266 STARTING AND OPERATING For additional information on the appropriate use of each transfer case mode position see the following informa- tion: 4WD Normal Four-Wheel-Drive High Range - Employs inter- axle differential. Allows front and rear wheels to rotate at different speeds. All road surfaces. 4WD LOCK Four-Wheel-Drive Lock (4WD LOCK)- Locks the transfer case inter-axle differential. Forces front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. Additional traction for loose, slippery road surfaces only. 4WD LOW Four-Wheel-Drive Low Range (4WD LOW)- Low speed 4 wheel drive. Locks the transfer case inter-axle differen- tial. Forces the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. Additional traction and maximum pulling power for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h). Neutral - Disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain. To be used for flat towing behind another vehicle. See Recreational Towing for more infor- mation. Shifting Procedure - NV 244 Generation II Transfer Case NOTE: The 4x4 system will not allow shifts between 4WD/ 4WD LOCK if the rear wheels are spinning (no traction). In this situation a position indicator light will flash and the original position indicator light will remain ON. At this time, reduce speed and stop spinning the STARTING AND OPERATING 267 wheels to complete the shift. There may be a delay up to 13 seconds for the shift to complete after the wheels have stopped spinning. NOTE: Delayed shifting out of the 4WD LOCK position may be experienced due to uneven tire wear, low tire pressure, or excessive loading. NOTE: When shifting into or out of 4WD LOW some gear noise may be heard. This noise is normal and is not detrimental to the vehicle or occupants. Shifting can be performed with the vehicle rolling 2 to 3 mph (3 to 5 km/h) or completely stopped. USE EITHER OF THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES: Preferred Procedure 1. With the engine RUNNING, slow vehicle to 2 to 3 mph (3 to 5 km/h). 2. Shift the transmission into NEUTRAL. 268 STARTING AND OPERATING 3. While still rolling, rotate the transfer case control switch to the desired position. 4. After the position indicator light has stopped flashing, shift the transmission back into gear. Alternate Procedure 1. Bring the vehicle to complete stop. 2. With the key ON and the engine either OFF or RUNNING, shift the transmission into NEUTRAL. 3. Rotate the transfer case control switch to the desired position. 4. After the position indicator light has stopped flashing, shift the transmission back into gear. NOTE: The ignition key must be ON for a shift to take place and for the position indicator lights to be operable. If the key is not ON then the shift will not take place and no position indicator lights will be on or flashing. If any of the requirements to select a new NOTE: transfer case position have not been met, the transfer case will not shift. The indicator light will flash and the current transfer case position will be maintained. To retry the selection, turn the control knob back to the current position, wait five (5) seconds, and retry the shift. DRIVING ON SLIPPERY SURFACES When driving on wet or slushy roads, it is possible for a wedge of water to build up between the tire and road surface. This is known as hydroplaning and may cause partial or complete loss of vehicle control and stopping ability. To reduce this possibility, the following precau- tions should be observed: 1. Slow down during rainstorms or when roads are slushy. 2. Slow down if road has standing water or puddles. 3. Replace tires when tread wear indicators first become visible. 4. Keep tires properly inflated. 5. Maintain sufficient distance between your vehicle and the car in front to avoid a collision in a sudden stop. PARKING BRAKE The foot operated parking brake is positioned below the lower left corner of the instrument panel. To release the parking brake, pull the parking brake release handle. STARTING AND OPERATING 269 Parking Brake Be sure the parking brake is firmly set when parked and the gear-shift lever is in PARK position. When parking on a hill you should apply the Parking Brake before placing the gear shift lever in PARK; otherwise the load on the transmission locking mechanism may make it difficult to move the selector out of PARK. 270 STARTING AND OPERATING NOTE: The instrument cluster brake warning light indicates only that the parking brake is applied. You must be sure the parking brake is fully applied before leaving the vehicle. When parking on a hill, turn the front wheels toward the curb on a downhill grade and away from the curb on an uphill grade. The parking brake should be applied whenever the driver is not in the vehicle. WARNING! • Always fully apply the parking brake when leav- ing your vehicle, or vehicle may roll and cause damage or injury. Also be certain to leave an automatic transmission in Park. Failure to do so may cause the vehicle to roll and cause damage or injury. • Be sure the parking brake is fully disengaged before driving, failure to do so can lead to brake failure and an accident. • Never leave children alone in a vehicle. Leaving children in a vehicle unattended is dangerous for a number of reasons. A child or others could be seriously or fatally injured. Don’t leave the keys in the ignition. A child could operate power windows, other controls, or move the vehicle. BRAKE SYSTEM In the event power assist is lost for any reason, (for example, repeated brake applications with the engine off), the brakes will still function. The effort required to brake the vehicle will be significantly increased over that required with the power system operating. If either the front or rear hydraulic systems lose normal capability, the remaining system will still function with some loss of braking effectiveness. This will be evident by increased pedal travel during application, greater pedal force required to slow or stop, and activation of the Brake Warning Lamp and the ABS Lamp during brake use. Four-Wheel Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) The Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) is designed to aid the driver in maintaining vehicle control under adverse braking conditions. The system operates with a separate computer to modulate hydraulic pressure to prevent wheel lock-up and help avoid skidding on slippery STARTING AND OPERATING 271 surfaces. All vehicle wheels and tires must be the same size and type and tires must be properly inflated to produce accurate signals for the computer. WARNING! Significant over or under inflation of tires, or mixing sizes of tires or wheels on the vehicle can lead to loss of braking effectiveness. The Anti-Lock Brake System conducts a low-speed self- test at about 12 mph (20 km/h). If you have your foot lightly on the brake while this test is occurring you may feel slight pedal movement. The movement can be more apparent on ice and snow. This is normal. The Anti-Lock Brake System pump motor runs during the self-test at 12 mph (20 km/h) and during an ABS stop. The pump motor makes a low humming noise during operation, which is normal. 272 STARTING AND OPERATING At the instant one of the wheels is about to lock up, a slight pulsation can be felt in the brake pedal, indicating that the ABS is in the regulating mode. Keep firm and steady pressure on the brake pedal while experiencing the pulsation. Continuous, steady brake pedal pressure results in optimal braking power while maintaining the ability to steer the vehicle. In the case of an emergency brake maneuver, keep continuous full pressure on the brake pedal. In this manner only can the ABS be most effective. On slippery road surfaces, the ABS will respond even with light brake pedal pressure because of the increased likelihood of locking wheels. The pulsating brake pedal can be an indication of hazardous road conditions and functions as a reminder to take extra care while driving. WARNING! Anti-Lock Brake Systems contain sophisticated elec- tronic equipment. It may be susceptible to interfer- ence caused by improperly installed or high output radio transmitting equipment. This interference can cause possible loss of anti-lock braking capability. Installation of such equipment should be done by qualified professionals. WARNING! Pumping of the Anti-Lock Brakes will diminish their effectiveness and may lead to an accident. Pumping makes the stopping distance longer. Just press firmly on your brake pedal when you need to slow down or stop. WARNING! • Anti-lock system (ABS) cannot prevent the natu- ral laws of physics from acting on the vehicle, nor can it increase braking or steering efficiency be- yond that afforded by the condition of the vehicle brakes and tires or the traction afforded. • The ABS cannot prevent accidents, including those resulting from excessive speed in turns, following another vehicle too closely, or hydro- planing. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. • The capabilities of an ABS equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others. STARTING AND OPERATING 273 When you are in a severe braking condition involving use of the Anti-lock Brake system, you will experience some pedal drop as the vehicle comes to a stop. This is the result of the system reverting to the base brake system. Engagement of the Anti-lock Brake System may be accompanied by a pulsing sensation. You may also hear a clicking noise. These occurrences are normal, and indi- cate that the system is functioning properly. POWER STEERING The standard power steering system will give you good vehicle response and increased ease of maneuverability in tight spaces. The system will provide mechanical steering capability if power assist is lost. 274 STARTING AND OPERATING If for some reason, the power assist is interrupted, it will still be possible to steer your vehicle. Under these condi- tions you will observe a substantial increase in steering effort, especially at very low vehicle speeds and during parking maneuvers. Increased noise levels at the end of the steering NOTE: wheel travel are considered normal and does not indicate that there is a problem with the power steering system. Upon initial start-up in cold weather, the power steering pump may make noise for a short period of time. This is due to the cold, thick fluid in the steering system. This noise should be considered normal, and does not in any way damage the steering system. WARNING! Continued operation with reduced power steering assist could pose a safety risk to yourself and others. Service should be obtained as soon as possible. CAUTION! Prolonged operation of the steering system at the end of the steering wheel travel will increase the steering fluid temperature and should be avoided when possible. Damage to the power steering pump may occur. ELECTRONIC BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM Your vehicle is equipped with an advanced electronic brake control system that includes ABS (Anti-Lock Brake System), BAS (Brake Assist System), TCS (Traction Con- trol System), ERM (Electronic Roll Mitigation), ESP (Elec- tronic Stability Program) and TSC (Trailer Sway Control). All six systems work together to enhance vehicle stability and control in various driving conditions, and are com- monly referred to as ESP. ABS (Anti-Lock Brake System) This system aids the driver in maintaining vehicle control under adverse braking conditions. The system controls hydraulic brake pressure to prevent wheel lockup and help avoid skidding on slippery surfaces during braking. Refer to “Anti-Lock Brake System” in Section 5 of this manual for more information about ABS. NOTE: ABS improves steering control of the vehicle during hard braking maneuvers. STARTING AND OPERATING 275 WARNING! • Anti-lock system (ABS) cannot prevent the natu- ral laws of physics from acting on the vehicle, nor can it increase braking or steering efficiency be- yond that afforded by the condition of the vehicle brakes and tires or the traction afforded. • The ABS cannot prevent accidents, including those resulting from excessive speed in turns, following another vehicle too closely, or hydro- planing. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. • The capabilities of an ABS equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others. 276 STARTING AND OPERATING BAS (Brake Assist System) applies optimum pressure to the brakes in emergency braking conditions. This can help reduce braking dis- tances. The BAS complements the antilock brake system (ABS). Applying the brakes very quickly results in the best BAS assistance. To receive the benefit of the system, you must apply continuous braking pressure during the stopping sequence. Do not reduce brake pedal pressure unless braking is no longer desired. Once the brake pedal is released, the BAS is deactivated. ESP Off Switch Location The BAS is designed to optimize the vehicle’s braking capability during emergency braking maneuvers. The system detects an emergency braking situation by sens- ing the rate and amount of brake application and then applies optimum pressure to the brakes. The system WARNING! TCS (Traction Control System) STARTING AND OPERATING 277 • BAS cannot prevent the natural laws of physics from acting on the vehicle, nor can it increase braking efficiency beyond that afforded by the condition of the vehicle brakes and tires or the traction afforded. • The BAS cannot prevent accidents, including those resulting from excessive speed in turns, following another vehicle too closely, or hydro- planing. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. • The capabilities of a BAS-equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others. This system monitors the amount of wheel spin of each of the driven wheels. If wheel spin is detected, brake pressure is applied to the slipping wheel(s) and engine power is reduced to provide enhanced acceleration and stability. A feature of the TCS system functions similar to a limited slip differential and controls the wheel spin across a driven axle. If one wheel on a driven axle is spinning faster than the other, the system will apply the brake of the spinning wheel. This will allow more engine torque to be applied to the wheel that is not spinning. This feature remains active even if TCS and ESP are in the “Partial Off” mode. Refer to “ESP (Electronic Stability Program)” in this Section of this manual. This brake pressure modulation transfers drive torque from slipping to non-slipping wheels to provide optimal forward trac- tion. 278 STARTING AND OPERATING ERM (Electronic Roll Mitigation) This system anticipates the potential for wheel lift by monitoring the driver’s steering wheel input and the speed of the vehicle. When ERM determines that the rate of change of the steering wheel angle and vehicles speed are sufficient to potentially cause wheel lift, it applies the appropriate brake and may reduce engine power to lessen the chance that wheel lift will occur. ERM will only intervene during very severe or evasive driving maneu- vers. ERM can only reduce the chance of wheel lift occurring during severe or evasive driving maneuvers. It can not prevent wheel lift due to other factors such as road conditions, leaving the roadway or striking objects or other vehicles. WARNING! Many factors, such as vehicle loading, road condi- tions and driving conditions, influence the chance that wheel lift or rollover may occur. • ERM can not prevent all wheel lift or rollovers, especially those that involve leaving the roadway or striking objects or other vehicles. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent acci- dents. • The capabilities of an ERM-equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others. ESP (Electronic Stability Program) This system enhances directional control and stability of the vehicle under various driving conditions. ESP cor- rects for over/under steering of the vehicle by applying the brake of the appropriate wheel to assist in counter- acting the over/under steer condition. Engine power may also be reduced to help the vehicle maintain the desired path. ESP uses sensors in the vehicle to determine the vehicle path intended by the driver and compares it to the actual path of the vehicle. When the actual path does not match the intended path, ESP applies the brake of the appropri- ate wheel to assist in counteracting the oversteer or understeer condition. • Oversteer - when the vehicle is turning more than appropriate for the steering wheel position. STARTING AND OPERATING 279 • Understeer - when the vehicle is turning less than appropriate for the steering wheel position. ESP/TCS Indicator Light The ⬙ESP/TCS Indicator Light⬙ starts to flash as soon as the tires lose traction and the TCS or ESP system becomes active. It will also flash once a swaying trailer is detected and the TSC (Trailer Sway Control) system activates. If the ⬙ESP/TCS Indicator Light⬙ begins to flash during acceleration, ease up on the accelerator and apply as little throttle as possible. Be sure to adapt your speed and driving to the prevailing road conditions. 280 STARTING AND OPERATING WARNING! • ESP (Electronic Stability Program) cannot prevent the natural laws of physics from acting on the vehicle, nor can it increase the traction afforded. • ESP cannot prevent accidents, including those resulting from excessive speed in turns, or hydro- planing. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. • The capabilities of an ESP-equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others. The ESP system has 2 available operating modes. 4WD/4WD LOCK or 2WD Models ON This is the normal operating mode for ESP in 4WD LOCK and in 2WD vehicles. Whenever the vehicle is started or the transfer case (if equipped) is shifted from 4WD LOW or neutral back to 4WD LOCK, the ESP system will be in this mode. This mode should be used for most all driving situations. ESP should only be turned to “Partial Off” for specific reasons as noted below. This mode is entered by momentarily depressing the “ESP OFF” Control Switch. When in “Partial Off” mode, the engine management portion of ESP has been desensitized, the thresh- olds for ESP activation are raised, and the “ESP/TCS Indicator Light” will be illuminated. This mode is intended to be used if the vehicle is in deep snow, sand or gravel Partial Off conditions and more wheel spin than ESP would nor- mally allow is required to gain traction. TSC (Trailer Sway Control) is not available when the system is in the ⬙Partial Off⬙ mode. To turn ESP on again, momentarily depress the “ESP-Control OFF” Control Switch. This will restore the normal “ON” mode of operation. ESP always operates under braking, even with the switch in the OFF-position. WARNING! In the Partial Off mode, the engine torque reduction and stability features are desensitized. Therefore, the enhanced vehicle stability offered by ESP is unavailable. NOTE: To improve the vehicle’s traction when driving with snow chains, or starting off in deep snow, sand or gravel, it may be desirable to switch to the “Partial Off” STARTING AND OPERATING 281 mode by pressing the ESP Control Switch. Once the situation requiring ESP to be switched to the “Partial Off” mode is overcome, turn ESP on by momentarily depress- ing the “ESP Control Switch”. This may be done with the vehicle is in motion. 4WD LOW Range Partial Off This is the normal operating mode for ESP in 4WD LOW. Whenever the vehicle is started in 4WD LOW or the transfer case (if equipped) is shifted from 4WD LOCK or neutral to 4WD LOW, the ESP system will be in this mode. In 4WD LOW, ESP function is desensitized until the vehicle reaches a speed of 30 mph (48 km/h). At 30 mph (48 km/h) the normal ESP stability function returns and the ESP/TCS Indicator Light” turns off. When the vehicle speed drops below 25 mph (40 km/h) the ESP system goes back to Partial Off. ESP is desensitized at low vehicle speeds in 4WD LOW so that it will not interfere 282 STARTING AND OPERATING with off road driving but ESP function returns to provide the stability feature at speeds above 30 mph (48 km/h). The ABS is in a special Off-Road mode that allows wheels to lock at lower speeds if gravel is detected to shorten stopping distances. NOTE: When the vehicle is in 4WD LOW, a feature of the ESP system remains active whether the ESP is on or off. This feature functions similar to a limited slip differ- ential and controls the wheel spin across an axle. If one wheel on an axle is spinning faster than the other, the system will apply the brake of the spinning wheel and allow more engine torque to be applied to the wheel that is not spinning. WARNING! In the Partial Off mode, the engine torque reduction and stability features are desensitized. Therefore, the enhanced vehicle stability offered by ESP is unavailable. ESP/BAS Warning Lamp and ESP/TCS Indicator Light The malfunction indicator for the ESP is combined with the BAS indicator. The yellow “ESP/BAS Warning Lamp” and the yellow “ESP/TCS Indicator Light” in the instrument cluster both come on when the ignition switch is turned to the “ON” position. They should both go out with the engine running. If the “ESP/BAS Warn- ing Lamp” comes on continuously with the engine running, a malfunction has been detected in either the ESP or BAS system, or both. If this light remains on after several ignition cycles, and the vehicle has been driven several miles at speeds greater than 30 mph (48 km/h), see your authorized dealer as soon as possible to have the problem diagnosed and corrected. NOTE: • The “ESP Indicator Light” and the “ESP/BAS Warning Lamp” come on momentarily each time the ignition switch is turned ON. • Each time the ignition is turned ON, the ESP System • The ESP Control System will make buzzing or clicking sounds when it is active. This is normal; the sounds will stop when ESP becomes inactive following the maneuver that caused the ESP activation. will be ON even if it was turned off previously. TSC (Trailer Sway Control) TSC uses sensors in the vehicle to recognize a swaying trailer and will take the appropriate actions to attempt to stop the sway. The system will reduce engine power and STARTING AND OPERATING 283 apply individual brakes that will counter act the sway of the trailer. TSC will become active automatically once the swaying trailer is recognized. No driver action is re- quired. TSC can not stop all trailers from swaying. Always use caution when towing a trailer and follow the tongue weight recommendations. Refer to ⬙Trailer Tow- ing⬙ in section 5 of this manual for other information on towing a trailer with your vehicle. MULTI DISPLACEMENT SYSTEM (MDS) - 5.7L Engine Only This feature offers improved fuel economy by shutting off four of the engine’s eight cylinders during light load and cruise conditions. The system is automatic with no driver inputs or additional driving skills required. NOTE: The MDS system may take some time to return to full functionality after a battery disconnect. TIRE SAFETY INFORMATION Tire Markings 284 STARTING AND OPERATING ROCKING THE VEHICLE If vehicle becomes stuck in snow, sand, or mud, it can often be moved by a rocking motion. Move the gear selector rhythmically between FIRST and REVERSE, while applying slight pressure to the accelerator. The least amount of accelerator pedal pressure to main- tain the rocking motion without spinning the wheels or racing the engine is most effective. Allow the engine to idle with the transmission selector in NEUTRAL for at least one minute after every five rocking-motion cycles. This will minimize overheating and reduce the risk of transmission failure during prolonged efforts to free a stuck vehicle. NOTE: • P (Passenger)-Metric tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards. P-Metric tires have the letter “P” molded into the sidewall preceding the size designation. Ex- ample: P215/65R15 95H. • European Metric tire sizing is based on European design standards. Tires designed to this standard have the tire size molded into the sidewall beginning with the section width. The letter ⬙P⬙ is absent from this tire size designation. Example: 215/65R15 96H • LT (Light Truck)-Metric tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards. The size designation for LT-Metric tires is the same as for P-Metric tires except for the letters “LT” that are molded into the sidewall preced- ing the size designation. Example: LT235/85R16. STARTING AND OPERATING 285 • Temporary Spare tires are high-pressure compact spares designed for temporary emergency use only. Tires designed to this standard have the letter “T” molded into the sidewall preceding the size designa- tion. Example: T145/80D18 103M. • High Flotation tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards and it begins with the tire diameter molded into the sidewall. Example: 31x10.5 R15 LT. 286 STARTING AND OPERATING Tire Sizing Chart Size Designation: EXAMPLE: P = Passenger car tire size based on U.S. design standards ⴖ....blank....ⴖ = Passenger car tire based on European design standards LT = Light Truck tire based on U.S. design standards T = Temporary Spare tire 31 = Overall Diameter in Inches (in) 215 = Section Width in Millimeters (mm) 65 = Aspect Ratio in Percent (%) —Ratio of section height to section width of tire. 10.5 = Section Width in Inches (in) R = Construction Code —⬙R⬙ means Radial Construction. —⬙D⬙ means Diagonal or Bias Construction. 15 = Rim Diameter in Inches (in) STARTING AND OPERATING 287 Service Description: 95 = Load Index EXAMPLE: —A numerical code associated with the maximum load a tire can carry. H = Speed Symbol —A symbol indicating the range of speeds at which a tire can carry a load corresponding to its load index under certain operating conditions. —The maximum speed corresponding to the Speed Symbol should only be achieved un- der specified operating conditions. (i.e. tire pressure, vehicle loading, road conditions, and posted speed limits). Load Identification: ⴖ....blank....ⴖ = Absence of any text on sidewall of the tire indicates a Standard Load (SL) Tire Extra Load (XL) = Extra Load (or Reinforced) Tire Light Load = Light Load Tire C,D,E = Load range associated with the maximum load a tire can carry at a specified pressure Maximum Load — Maximum Load indicates the maximum load this tire is designed to carry. Maximum Pressure — Maximum Pressure indicates the maximum permissible cold tire inflation pressure for this tire. 288 STARTING AND OPERATING Tire Identification Number (TIN) The TIN may be found on one or both sides of the tire; however, the date code may only be on one side. Tires with white sidewalls will have the full TIN including date code located on the white sidewall side of the tire. Look for the TIN on the outboard side of black sidewall tires as mounted on the vehicle. If the TIN is not found on the outboard side then you will find it on the inboard side of the tire. DOT = Department of Transportation —This symbol certifies that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation tire safety standards, and is approved for highway use. EXAMPLE: DOT MA L9 ABCD 0301 MA = Code representing the tire manufacturing location. (2 digits) L9 = Code representing the tire size. (2 digits) ABCD = Code used by tire manufacturer. (1 to 4 digits) 03 = Number representing the week in which the tire was manufactured. (2 digits) —03 means the 3rd week. 01 = Number representing the year in which the tire was manufactured. (2 digits) —01 means the year 2001. —Prior to July 2000, tire manufacturers were only required to have 1 number to represent the year in which the tire was manufactured. Example: 031 could represent the 3rd week of 1981 or 1991. Tire Loading and Tire Pressure Tire and Loading Information Placard STARTING AND OPERATING 289 Tire Placard Location NOTE: The proper cold tire inflation pressure is listed on either the face of the driver’s door or the driver’s side “B” pillar. Tire and Loading Information This placard tells you important information about the: 1) number of people that can be carried in the vehicle 2) the total weight your vehicle can carry Tire Placard Location 290 STARTING AND OPERATING 3) the tire size designed for your vehicle 4) the cold tire inflation pressures for the front, rear and spare tires. Loading The vehicle maximum load on the tire must not exceed the load carrying capacity of the tire on your vehicle. You will not exceed the tire’s load carrying capacity if you adhere to the loading conditions, tire size, and cold tire inflation pressures specified on the “Tire and Loading Information” placard and in the “Vehicle Loading” sec- tion of this manual. NOTE: Under a maximum loaded vehicle condition, gross axle weight ratings (GAWR’s) for the front and rear axles must not be exceeded. For further information on GAWR’s, vehicle loading, and trailer towing, refer to the “Vehicle Loading” section of this manual. To determine the maximum loading conditions of your vehicle, locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on the Tire and Loading Information placard. The combined weight of occupants, cargo/luggage and trailer tongue weight (if applicable) should never exceed the weight referenced here. Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occu- pants and cargo should never exceed XXX pounds” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle. 3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and pas- sengers from XXX kilograms or XXX pounds. 4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (since 5 x 150 = 750, and 1400 – 750 = 650 lbs.) 5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. 6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this STARTING AND OPERATING 291 manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle. NOTE: The following table shows examples on how to calculate total load, cargo/luggage, and towing capaci- ties of your vehicle with varying seating configurations and number and size of occupants. This table is for illustration purposes only and may not be accurate for the seating and load carry capacity of your vehicle. NOTE: For the following example, the combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 865 lbs. (392 Kg). 292 STARTING AND OPERATING WARNING! 1. Safety— Overloading of your tires is dangerous. Overloading can cause tire failure, affect vehicle handling, and increase your stopping distance. Use tires of the recommended load capacity for your vehicle. Never overload them. TIRES — GENERAL INFORMATION Tire Pressure Proper tire inflation pressure is essential to the safe and satisfactory operation of your vehicle. Three primary areas are affected by improper tire pressure: STARTING AND OPERATING 293 WARNING! failure. accidents. Objects on the road and chuckholes can cause damage that result in tire failure. • Improperly inflated tires are dangerous and can cause • Under inflation increases tire flexing and can result in tire • Over inflation reduces a tire’s ability to cushion shock. • Unequal tire pressures can cause steering problems. You • Over inflated or under inflated tires can affect vehicle • Unequal tire pressures from one side of the vehicle to the • Always drive with each tire inflated to the recommended handling and can fail suddenly, resulting in loss of vehicle control. other can cause the vehicle to drift to the right or left. could lose control of your vehicle. cold tire inflation pressure. 294 STARTING AND OPERATING 2. Economy— Improper inflation pressures can cause uneven wear patterns to develop across the tire tread. These abnormal wear patterns will reduce tread life resulting in a need for earlier tire replacement. Under inflation, also increases tire rolling resistance and results in higher fuel consump- tion. 3. Ride Comfort and Vehicle Stability— Proper tire inflation contributes to a comfortable ride. Over inflation produces a jarring and uncomfortable ride. Tire Inflation Pressures The proper cold tire inflation pressure is listed either on the face of the driver’s door or on the driver’s side “B” pillar. Some vehicles may have Supplemental Tire Pressure Information for vehicle loads that are less than the maximum loaded vehicle condition. These pressure con- ditions will be found in the “Supplemental Tire Pressure Information” section of this manual. Tire Placard Location The pressure should be checked and adjusted as well as inspecting for signs of tire wear or visible damage at least once a month. Use a good quality pocket-type gauge to check tire pressure. Do not make a visual judgement when determining proper inflation. Radial tires may look properly inflated even when they are under inflated. CAUTION! After inspecting or adjusting the tire pressure, al- ways reinstall the valve stem cap (if equipped). This will prevent moisture and dirt from entering the valve stem, which could damage the valve stem. Inflation pressures specified on the placard are always “cold tire inflation pressure.” Cold tire inflation pressure is defined as the tire pressure after the vehicle has not been driven for at least 3 hours, or driven less than 1 mile (1 km) after a 3 hour period. The cold tire inflation pressure must not exceed the maximum inflation pres- sure molded into the tire sidewall. STARTING AND OPERATING 295 Check tire pressures more often if subject to a wide range of outdoor temperatures, as tire pressures vary with temperature changes. Tire pressures change by approximately 1 psi (7 kPa) per 12° F (7° C) of air temperature change. Keep this in mind when checking tire pressure inside a garage, especially in the winter. Example: If garage temperature = 68° F (20° C) and the outside temperature = 32° F (0° C) then the cold tire inflation pressure should be increased by 3 psi (21 kPa), which equals 1 psi (7 kPa) for every 12° F (7° C) for this outside temperature condition. Tire pressure may increase from 2 to 6 psi (13 to 40 kPa) during operation. DO NOT reduce this normal pressure build up or your tire pressure will be too low. 296 STARTING AND OPERATING Tire Pressures for High Speed Operation The manufacturer advocates driving at safe speeds within posted speed limits. Where speed limits or condi- tions are such that the vehicle can be driven at high speeds, maintaining correct tire inflation pressure is very important. Increased tire pressure and reduced vehicle loading may be required for high-speed vehicle opera- tion. Refer to original equipment or an authorized tire dealer for recommended safe operating speeds, loading and cold tire inflation pressures. WARNING! High speed driving with your vehicle under maxi- mum load is dangerous. The added strain on your tires could cause them to fail. You could have a serious accident. Don’t drive a vehicle loaded to the maximum capacity at continuous speeds above 75 mph (120 km/h). Radial-Ply Tires WARNING! Combining radial ply tires with other types of tires on your vehicle will cause your vehicle to handle poorly. The instability could cause an accident. Al- ways use radial ply tires in sets of four (or 6, in case of trucks with dual rear wheels). Never combine them with other types of tires. Cuts and punctures in radial tires are repairable only in the tread area because of sidewall flexing. Consult your authorized tire dealer for radial tire repairs. STARTING AND OPERATING 297 Compact Spare Tire — If Equipped The compact spare is for temporary emergency use with radial tires. It is engineered to be used on your style vehicle only. Since this tire has limited tread life, the original tire should be repaired (or replaced) and rein- stalled at the first opportunity. WARNING! Temporary use spare tires are for emergency use only. With these tires, do not drive more than 50 mph (80 km/h). Temporary-use spare tires have limited tread life. When the tread is worn to the tread wear indicators, the temporary use spare tire needs to be replaced. Be sure to follow the warnings, which apply to your spare. Failure to do so could result in spare tire failure and loss of vehicle control. 298 STARTING AND OPERATING Do not install a wheel cover or attempt to mount a conventional tire on the compact spare wheel, since the wheel is designed specifically for the compact spare. Do not install more than one compact spare tire/wheel on the vehicle at any given time. CAUTION! Because of the reduced ground clearance, do not take your vehicle through an automatic car wash with the compact spare installed. Damage to the vehicle may result. Limited Use Spare — If Equipped The limited use spare tire is for temporary emergency use on your vehicle. This tire is identified by a limited use spare tire warning label located on the limited use spare tire and wheel assembly. This tire may look like the original equipped tire on the front or rear axle of your vehicle, but it is not. Installation of this limited use spare tire affects vehicle handling. Since it is not the same tire, replace (or repair) the original tire and reinstall on the vehicle at the first opportunity. WARNING! The limited use spare tires are for emergency use only. Installation of this limited use spare tire affects vehicle handling. With this tire, do not drive more than 60 mph (100 km/h). Keep inflated to the cold tire inflation pressure listed on either your tire placard or limited use spare tire and wheel assembly. Replace (or repair) the original tire at the first opportunity and reinstall it on your vehicle. Failure to do so could result in loss of vehicle control. STARTING AND OPERATING 299 Tire Spinning When stuck in mud, sand, snow, or ice conditions, do not spin your vehicle’s wheels above 35 mph (55 km/h). Refer to the paragraph on “Freeing A Stuck Vehicle” in Section 6 of this manual. WARNING! Fast spinning tires can be dangerous. Forces gener- ated by excessive wheel speeds may cause tire dam- age or failure. A tire could explode and injure someone. Do not spin your vehicle’s wheels faster than 30 mph (48 km/h) for more than 30 seconds continuously when you are stuck, and don’t let anyone near a spinning wheel, no matter what the speed. 300 STARTING AND OPERATING Tread Wear Indicators Tread wear indicators are in the original equipment tires to help you in determining when your tires should be replaced. These indicators are molded into the bottom of the tread grooves. They will appear as bands when the tread depth becomes 1/16 inch (2 mm). When the tread is worn to the tread wear indicators, the tire should be replaced. Many states have laws requiring tire replacement at this point. Life of Tire The service life of a tire is dependent upon varying factors including but not limited to: • Driving style • Tire pressure • Distance driven STARTING AND OPERATING 301 “Tread Wear Indicators”). Refer to the “Tire and Loading Information” placard for the size designation of your tire. The service description and load identification will be found on the original equipment tire. Failure to use equivalent replacement tires may adversely affect the safety, handling, and ride of your vehicle. We recommend that you contact your original equipment or an autho- rized tire dealer with any questions you may have on tire specifications or capability. WARNING! Tires and spare tire should be replaced after six years, regardless of the remaining tread. Failure to follow this warning can result in sudden tire failure. You could lose control and have an accident result- ing in serious injury or death. Keep dismounted tires in a cool, dry place with as little exposure to light as possible. Protect tires from contact with oil, grease, and gasoline. Replacement Tires The tires on your new vehicle provide a balance of many characteristics. They should be inspected regularly for wear and correct cold tire inflation pressure. The manu- facturer strongly recommends that you use tires equiva- lent to the originals in size, quality and performance when replacement is needed (refer to the paragraph on 302 STARTING AND OPERATING WARNING! • Do not use a tire, wheel size or rating other than that specified for your vehicle. Some combinations of unapproved tires and wheels may change suspen- sion dimensions and performance characteristics, resulting in changes to steering, handling, and brak- ing of your vehicle. This can cause unpredictable handling and stress to steering and suspension components. You could lose control and have an accident resulting in serious injury or death. Use only the tire and wheel sizes with load ratings approved for your vehicle. • Never use a tire with a smaller load index or capacity, other than what was originally equipped on your vehicle. Using a tire with a smaller load index could result in tire overloading and failure. You could lose control and have an accident. • Failure to equip your vehicle with tires having adequate speed capability can result in sudden tire failure and loss of vehicle control. CAUTION! Replacing original tires with tires of a different size may result in false speedometer and odometer read- ings. Alignment And Balance Poor suspension alignment may result in: • Fast tire wear. • Uneven tire wear, such as feathering and one-sided • Vehicle pull to right or left. Tires may also cause the vehicle to pull to the left or right. Alignment will not correct this condition. See your dealer for proper diagnosis. wear. Improper alignment will not cause vehicle vibration. Vibration may be a result of tire and wheel out-of- balance. Proper balancing will reduce vibration and avoid tire cupping and spotty wear. SUPPLEMENTAL TIRE PRESSURE INFORMATION – IF EQUIPPED A light load vehicle condition is defined as two passen- gers {150 lbs (68 kg) each} plus 200 lbs (91kg) of cargo. Cold tire inflation pressures for a lightly loaded vehicle will be found on the face of the driver’s door. TIRE CHAINS Use “Class S” chains on your vehicle, or other traction aids that meet SAE Type “S” specifications. NOTE: Chains must be the proper size for the vehicle, as recommended by the chain manufacturer. STARTING AND OPERATING 303 CAUTION! To avoid damage to your vehicle, tires or chains, observe the following precautions: • Because of limited chain clearance between tires and other driving about 1/2 mile (0.8 km). suspension components, it is important that only chains in good condition are used. Broken chains can cause serious vehicle damage. Stop the vehicle immediately if noise occurs that could suggest chain breakage. Remove the damaged parts of the chain before further use. • Install chains as tightly as possible and then retighten after • Do not exceed 45 mph (72 km/h). • Drive cautiously and avoid severe turns and large bumps, • Do not install tire chains on front wheels of 4x2 vehicles. • Do not drive for a prolonged period on dry pavement. • Observe the tire chain manufacturer’s instructions on method especially with a loaded vehicle. of installation, operating speed, and conditions for usage. Always use the lower suggested operating speed of the chain manufacturer if different than the speed recommended by the manufacturer. 304 STARTING AND OPERATING These cautions apply to all chain traction devices, includ- ing link and cable (radial) chains. Tire chain use is permitted only on the rear tires of your truck. NOTE: The use of class “S” chains is permitted on your vehicle with P245/70R17 tires. CAUTION! Do not use tire chains on 4x4 trucks equipped with tires other than P245/70R17 tires. There may not be adequate clearance for the chains and you are risking structural or body damage to your vehicle. Do not use tire chains on the 4X2 front wheels of your vehicle. There may not be adequate clearance for the chains and you are risking structural or body dam- age to your vehicle. SNOW TIRES Snow tires should be of the same size and type construc- tion as the front tires. Consult the manufacturer of the snow tire to determine any maximum vehicle speed requirement associated with the tire. These tires should always be operated at the vehicle maximum capacity inflation pressures under any load condition. While studded tires improve performance on ice, skid and traction capability on wet or dry surfaces may be poorer than that of non-studded tires. Some states pro- hibit studded tires; local laws should be checked before using these tire types. therefore, TIRE ROTATION RECOMMENDATIONS Tires on the front and rear axles of vehicles operate at different loads and perform different steering, driving, and braking functions. For these reasons, they wear at unequal rates and tend to develop irregular wear pat- terns. These effects can be reduced by timely rotation of tires. The benefits of rotation are especially worthwhile with aggressive tread designs such as those on all season type tires. Rotation will increase tread life, help to main- tain mud, snow and wet traction levels, and contribute to a smooth, quiet ride. STARTING AND OPERATING 305 Follow the recommended tire rotation frequency for your type of driving found in the “Maintenance Schedules” Section of this manual. More frequent rotation is permis- sible if desired. The reasons for any rapid or unusual wear should be corrected prior to rotation being per- formed. 306 STARTING AND OPERATING TIRE PRESSURE MONITOR SYSTEM (TPMS) — IF EQUIPPED The Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) will warn the driver of a low tire pressure based on the vehicle recommended cold placard pressure (the placard is lo- cated on the drivers side B-pillar). The tire pressure will vary with temperature by about 1 psi (6.9 kPa) for every 12°F (6.5°C). This means that when the outside temperature decreases, the tire pressure will decrease. Tire pressure should always be set based on cold inflation tire pressure. This is defined as the tire pressure after a vehicle has not been driven for more than 3 hours - and in outside ambient temperature. Refer to the “Tires – General Information” in this section for information on how to properly inflate the vehicle’s tires. The tire pressure will also increase as the vehicle is driven - this is normal and there should be no adjustment for this increased pressure. The TPM System will warn the driver of a low tire pressure if the tire pressure falls below the low pressure warning threshold for any reason, including low tem- perature effects. The TPM System will continue to warn the driver of low tire pressure as long as the condition exists, and will not turn off until the tire pressure is at or above recom- mended cold placard pressure. Once the low tire pressure warning has been illuminated, the tire pressure must be increased to the recommended cold placard pressure in order for the TPM warning lamp to be turned off. The system will automatically update and the TPM warning lamp will extinguish once the updated tire pressures have been received. The vehicle may need to be driven for up to 10 minutes above 15 mph (25 kph) to receive this information. Base System – If Equipped The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses wireless technology with wheel rim mounted electronic sensors to monitor tire pressure levels. Sensors, mounted to each wheel as part of the valve stem, transmit tire pressure readings to the Receiver Module. It is particularly important, for you to check the NOTE: tire pressure in all of your tires regularly and to maintain the proper pressure. The Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) consists of the following components: • Receiver Module • 4 Wheel Sensors • Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Lamp STARTING AND OPERATING 307 The Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Lamp will illuminate in the instrument cluster, and an au- dible chime will be activated when one or more of the four active road tire pressures are low. The audible chime will sound once every ignition cycle for each condition that it detects. Should this occur, you should stop as soon as possible, check the inflation pressure of each tire on your vehicle, and inflate each tire to the pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer. The system will automatically update and the TPM warning lamp will extinguish once the updated tire pressures have been received. The vehicle may need to be driven for up to 10 minutes above 15 mph (25 kph) to receive this information. A low spare tire will not cause the Tire Pressure Moni- toring Telltale Lamp to illuminate or the chime to sound. The Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Lamp will flash on and off for 60 seconds, and an audible chime will sound 308 STARTING AND OPERATING when a system fault is detected. The flash cycle will repeat every ten minutes, without an audible chime, until the fault condition no longer exists. If the ignition key is cycled, this sequence will repeat, providing the system fault still exists. NOTE: A non-matching or compact spare wheel and tire assembly does not have a tire pressure monitoring sensor; therefore, it will not be monitored by the Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS). If the non-matching or compact spare tire was used in place of one of the four road tires, a system fault will occur while driving the vehicle. In case of a low pressure condition (ie. flat tire), the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will remain on solid until the original road tire has been properly repaired, and put back onto the vehicle in place of the non-matching or compact spare tire. CAUTION! The TPMS has been optimized for the original equipment tires and wheels. TPMS pressures have been established for the tire size equipped on your vehicle. Undesirable system operation or sensor damage may result when using replacement equip- ment that is not of the same size, type, and/or style. After-market wheels can cause sensor damage. Do not use tire sealant from a can, or balance beads if your vehicle is equipped with a TPMS, as damage to the sensors may result. CAUTION! After inspecting or adjusting the tire pressure al- ways reinstall the valve stem cap. This will prevent moisture and dirt from entering the valve stem, which could damage the wheel rim sensor. NOTE: • The TPMS is not intended to replace normal tire care and maintenance, or to provide warning of a tire failure or condition. • The TPMS should not be used as a tire pressure gauge • Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle’s handling and stopping ability. while adjusting your tire pressure. STARTING AND OPERATING 309 • The TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire mainte- nance, and it is the driver’s responsibility to maintain correct tire pressure, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to trigger illumination of the Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale lamp. General Information This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules and RSS 210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following conditions: • This device may not cause harmful interference. • This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired op- eration. The tire pressure sensors are covered under one of the following licenses: United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KR5S120123 Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2671-S120123 310 STARTING AND OPERATING FUEL REQUIREMENTS All engines (except 5.7L engines) are de- signed to meet all emissions regulations and provide excellent fuel economy and performance when using high quality un- leaded “regular” gasoline having an oc- tane rating of 87. The routine use of pre- mium gasoline is not recommended. Under normal conditions the use of premium fuel will not provide a benefit over high quality regular gasolines and in some circumstances may result in poorer performance. The 5.7L engine is designed to meet all emissions regulations and provide satisfac- tory fuel economy and performance when using high quality unleaded gasoline hav- ing an octane range of 87 to 89. The manu- facturer recommends the use of 89 octane for optimum performance.The routine use of premium gasoline is not recommended. The use of premium gasoline will provide no benefit over high quality regular and mid-grade gasolines, and in some circumstances may result in poorer performance. Light spark knock at low engine speeds is not harmful to your engine. However, continued heavy spark knock at high speeds can cause damage and immediate service is required. Poor quality gasoline can cause problems such as hard starting, stalling and hesitations. If you experience these symptoms, try another brand of “regular” gasoline be- fore considering service for the vehicle. Over 40 auto manufacturers world-wide have issued and endorsed consistent gasoline specifications (the World- wide Fuel Charter, WWFC) to define fuel properties necessary to deliver enhanced emissions, performance and durability for your vehicle. We recommend the use of gasolines that meet the WWFC specifications if they are available. Reformulated Gasoline Many areas of the country require the use of cleaner burning gasoline referred to as “Reformulated Gasoline.” Reformulated gasolines contain oxygenates, and are spe- cifically blended to reduce vehicle emissions and im- prove air quality. We strongly support the use of reformulated gasolines. Properly blended reformulated gasolines will provide excellent performance and durability for the engine and fuel system components. Gasoline/Oxygenate Blends Some fuel suppliers blend unleaded gasoline with oxy- genates such as 10% ethanol, MTBE and ETBE. Oxygen- ates are required in some areas of the country during the winter months to reduce carbon monoxide emissions. Fuels blended with these oxygenates may be used in your vehicle. STARTING AND OPERATING 311 CAUTION! DO NOT use gasoline containing Methanol or E85 Ethanol. Use of these blends may result in starting and driveability problems and may damage critical fuel system components. 4.7L Engine — If Equipped , is now rated for NOTE: E85 Ethanol use. Only vehicles with the E-85 fuel filler door label can operate on E-85. For more information, refer to “Flexible Fuel” in this section. Problems that result from using methanol/gasoline or E85 Ethanol blends are not the responsibility of the manufacturer. While MTBE is an oxygenate made from Methanol, it does not have the negative effects of Metha- nol. 312 STARTING AND OPERATING MMT In Gasoline MMT is a manganese-containing metallic additive that is blended into some gasoline to increase octane. Gasolines blended with MMT provide no performance advantage beyond gasolines of the same octane number without MMT. Gasolines blended with MMT reduce spark plug life and reduce emission system performance. We recom- mend that gasolines free of MMT be used in your vehicle. The MMT content of gasoline may not be indicated on the gasoline pump; therefore, you should ask your gaso- line retailer whether or not his/her gasoline contains MMT. It is even more important to look for gasolines without MMT in Canada because MMT can be used at levels higher than allowed in the United States. MMT is pro- hibited in Federal and California reformulated gasolines. Materials Added To Fuel All gasolines sold in the United States are required to contain effective detergent additives. Use of additional detergents or other additives is not needed under normal conditions and would result in unnecessary cost. There- fore, you should not have to add anything to the fuel. Fuel System Cautions CAUTION! STARTING AND OPERATING 313 NOTE: systems can result against you. Intentional tampering with emissions control in civil penalties being assessed Follow these guidelines to maintain your vehicle’s performance: • The use of leaded gas is prohibited by Federal law. Using • An out-of-tune engine, or certain fuel or ignition malfunctions, leaded gasoline can impair engine performance, damage the emission control system. can cause the catalytic converter to overheat. If you notice a pungent burning odor or some light smoke, your engine may be out of tune or malfunctioning and may require immediate service. Contact your dealer for service assistance. • When pulling a heavy load or driving a fully loaded vehicle when the humidity is low and the temperature is high, use a premium unleaded fuel to help prevent spark knock. If spark knock persists, lighten the load, or engine piston damage may result. • The use of fuel additives which are now being sold as octane enhancers is not recommended. Many of these products con- tain high concentrations of methanol. Fuel system damage or vehicle performance problems resulting from the use of such fuels or additives is not the responsibility of the manufacturer. 314 STARTING AND OPERATING Carbon Monoxide Warnings WARNING! Carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaust gases is deadly. Follow the precautions below to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning: • Do not inhale exhaust gases. They contain carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas which can kill. Never run the engine in a closed area, such as a garage, and never sit in a parked vehicle with the engine running for an extended period. If the vehicle is stopped in an open area with the engine running for more than a short period, adjust the ventilation system to force fresh, outside air into the vehicle. • Guard against carbon monoxide with proper maintenance. Have the exhaust system inspected every time the vehicle is raised. Have any abnormal conditions repaired promptly. Until repaired, drive with all side windows fully open. • Keep the liftgate closed when driving your vehicle to prevent carbon monoxide and other poisonous exhaust gases from entering the vehicle. ADDING FUEL

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2007 Dodge Durango Owners Manual