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. Music files with .mp3, .wma,
.ogg, and .wav file name extensions can be played.
. MP3 files that can be played are:
Bit rate: 8 kbps ~ 320 kbps - Sampling frequency: 48 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 32 kHz, 24 kHz, 22.05
kHz, and 16 kHz. Files with a bit rate above 128 kbps will result in higher quality sound.ID3 Tag information for MP3
files, such as the album name and the artist, can be played. To display album title, track title, and artist information, the file should be compatible with the ID3 Tag V1 and V2 formats.Using USB Storage Devices and iPod/iPhone . Use a USB or flash memory type
storage device. Do not connect using a USB adaptor.
. Do not connect and reconnect the USB device repeatedly in a short time, as this may cause static electricity and problems using the device.
. Use a USB device with a metal
connecting terminal.
. Connection with i-Stick Type USB storage devices may be faulty due to vehicle vibration.
. Do not to touch the USB
connecting terminal.
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. Only USB storage devices
formatted in FAT16/32, exFAT file system are recognized. NTFS and other file systems are not recognized. The time it takes to process files will depend on the USB storage device type and capacity, and the type of files stored.
. Some USB storage device files
may not be compatible.
. Up to two USB devices and one
iPod can be played through a USB hub. All devices may not be supported, depending on the performance of the USB hub. If there is not enough power supply, it may not operate normally.
. Do not disconnect the USB
storage device while it is playing. This may cause damage to the product or affect the performance of the USB device.
. Disconnect the USB storage
device when the ignition is turned off. If the ignition is turned
on while the USB device is connected, the USB device may be damaged or may not operate normally.
. USB storage devices can only
be connected for playing music/ movies, viewing photo files, or upgrading.
. Do not use the USB terminal to
charge USB accessory equipment. The heat generated may cause performance issues or damage.
. Store files in the top-level drive
of the USB storage device. When the logical drive is separated from the device, only the USB music files from the top-level logical drive can be played. Music files stored on USB storage devices may not play normally if an application is loaded by partitioning a separate drive.
. Music files to which Digital Right
Management (DRM) is applied cannot be played.
Infotainment System 7-35
. USB storage device capacity limit is 2,500 music files, 2500
photo files, 250 movie files, 2,500 folders, and 10 stages of folder structure. The iPod/iPhone can play all music files supported, but will only display up to 2,500 files on the screen in alphabetical order. The following iPod/iPhone product models are supported: ‐ iPod 2G nano®/iPod 3G nano/iPod 4G and 5G nano
‐ iPod 120GB and 160GB
classic®
‐ iPod 1G, 2G, and 3G touch® ‐ iPhone 3G and 3GS ‐ iPhone 4/4S
. Only connect the iPod/iPhone
with connection cables supported by iPod/iPhone products. Other connection cables cannot be used.
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Infotainment System
The iPod/iPhone may be damaged if the ignition is turned off when it is connected to the vehicle. When not in use, disconnect the iPod/iPhone.
. When the iPod/iPhone is
connected to the USB port by using the iPod/iPhone cable, the Bluetooth music is not supported.
. Connect the iPod/iPhone to the
USB port by using the iPod/ iPhone cable to play the music files. When the iPod/iPhone is connected to the AUX input terminal, the music file will not play. The iPod/iPhone playback functions and the information displayed may be different when played on the infotainment system.
. Refer to the table for the
classification items related to the search function provided by the iPod/iPhone.
USB Player Playing Music from a USB Device . Connect the USB device to the
USB port.
. Play will start automatically after the system has finished reading the USB device. If a non-readable USB device is connected, an error message displays and the system will switch to the previous audio function.
If the USB device is already connected: . Press D. . Press audio. . Press SourceR. . Press USB. To stop the USB device and select another media source, press SourceR, then select the other source. To remove the USB device, select another function, then remove the USB device.
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Pause . Press j to pause. . Press r to resume. Changing to Next/Previous Files . Press l to change to the
next file.
. Press g within five seconds of
the playback time to play the previous file.
Returning to the Beginning of the Current File Press g after five seconds of the playback time. Scanning Forward or Backward Press and hold g or l during playback to rewind or fast forward. Release the button to resume playback at normal speed. Playing a File Repeatedly Press v during playback.
1: Plays the current file repeatedly.
. ALL: Plays all files repeatedly. . OFF: Returns to normal
playback.
Playing a File Randomly Press u during playback. . NO: Plays all files randomly. . OFF: Returns to normal
playback.
Viewing Information on the Currently Playing File Press the title during playback to display information about the current file playing.
The information displayed includes the title, file name, folder name, and artist/album saved with the song. Incorrect information cannot be modified or corrected on the infotainment system.
Infotainment System 7-37
The information for songs expressed in special symbols or in unavailable languages may be displayed as “u.”
Using the USB Music Menu . Press MENU during playback.
. Press the play mode. Tone Settings 1. Press R. 2. Press tone settings. The Tone
Settings menu is displayed. See “Tone Settings” under “Radio Controls with Touchscreen” in Operation on page 7‑5.
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Infotainment System
iPod/iPhone player This feature is limited to models supporting the iPod/iPhone connection. Playing Music Files . Connect the iPod/iPhone to the
USB port.
. Play will start from the previously
played point after the system has finished reading the USB device. If a non-readable USB device is connected, an error message displays and the system will switch to the previous audio function.
If the iPod/iPhone is already connected: . Press D. . Press audio. . Press SourceR. . Press iPod.
To stop the device and select another media source, press SourceR, then select the other source. To remove the device, select another function, then remove the device. Pause . Press j to pause. . Press r to resume. Changing to Next/Previous Song . Press l to change to the
next song.
. Press g within two seconds of
the playback time to play the previous file.
Returning to the Beginning of the Current File Press g after two seconds of the playback time. Scanning Forward or Backward
Press and hold g or l during playback to rewind or fast-forward. Release the button to resume playback at normal speed. Playing a File Repeatedly Press v during playback. 1: Plays the current file repeatedly.
. ALL: Plays all files repeatedly. . OFF: Returns to normal
playback.
Playing a File Randomly Press u during playback. . NO: Plays all files randomly. . OFF: Returns to normal
playback.
Viewing Information on the Currently Playing Song Press the title during playback to display information about the current song playing.
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The information displayed includes the title, file name, folder name, and artist/album saved with the song. Incorrect information cannot be modified or corrected on the infotainment system. The information for songs expressed in special symbols or in unavailable languages may be displayed as “u.”
Using the iPod Menu . Press MENU during playback. . Press the appropriate
play mode.
Tone Settings 1. Press R on the iPod menu. 2. Press tone settings. The tone
settings menu is displayed. See “Tone Settings” under “Radio Controls with Touchscreen” in Operation on page 7‑5.
Pictures and Movies (Picture System) The Infotainment system can view picture files that are stored on a USB device.
Picture System Information Caution For Using Picture Files
File size: ‐ JPG: Within 64 to 5,000 pixels (Width) and 64 to 5,000 pixels (Height).
‐ BMP, PNG, GIF: Within 64 to 1,024 pixels (Width) and 64 to 1,024 pixels (Height).
Infotainment System 7-39
File extensions: .jpg, .bmp, .png, .gif. Animated .gif files are not supported.
. Some files may not operate due to a different recording format or the condition of file.
Viewing Pictures 1. Connect the USB device to the
USB port.
2. Press the screen to open to full screen. Press the screen again to return to the previous screen.
If the USB device is already connected: 1. Press D. 2. Press picture & movie.
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Infotainment System
3. Press SourceR. 4. Press USB picture. Some features are disabled while the vehicle is in motion.
Viewing Slide Show From the picture screen, press z. The slide show will start to play.
. Press the screen to cancel the
slide show during the slide show playback.
Viewing a Previous or Next Picture Press t or u from the picture screen.
Rotating a Picture Press y or w from the picture screen.
Enlarging a Picture Press x from the picture screen.
Using the USB Picture Menu 1. Press MENU from the picture
screen.
2. Press the appropriate menu:
picture file list: lists all picture files. sort by title: shows pictures in title order. sort by date: shows pictures in date order. slide show time: allows selection of the slide show interval.
clock/temp display: allows selection of On or Off to show the clock and temperature on the full screen. display setting: adjusts for Brightness and Contrast.
3. Press 4 to exit.
Pictures and Movies (Movie System) The infotainment system can play movie files that are stored on a USB device.
Movie System Information Caution For Using Movie Files . Available resolution: Within 720
x 576 (W x H) pixels. Frame rate: Less than 30 fps. . Playable movie file: .avi, .mpg,
.mp4, .divx, .xvid, .wmv. The playable movie file may not be played according to the codec format.
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. Playable Codec format: divx, xvid, mpeg-1, mpeg-4 (mpg4, mp42, mp43), wmv9 (wmv3). . Playable Audio format: MP3,
AC3, AAC, WMA. . Max Video Bitrate: ‐ mpeg-1: 8Mbps ‐ mpeg-4 (mpg4, mp42, mp43):
4Mbps
‐ wmv9: 3 Mbps ‐ divx 3: 3 Mbps ‐ divx 4/5/6: 4.8 Mbps ‐ xvid: 4.5 Mbps
. Max Audio Bitrate: ‐ mp3: 320 Kbps ‐ wma: 320 Kbps ‐ ac-3: 640 Kbps ‐ aac: 449 Kbps
. Movie files to which Digital Right
Management (DRM) is applied may not be played.
Playing a Movie File 1. Connect the USB device to the
USB port.
2. Press the screen to open to full screen. Press the screen again to return to the previous screen.
If the USB device is already connected: 1. Press D. 2. Press picture & movie. 3. Press SourceR. 4. Press USB movie. Movie is not available while driving.
Viewing Slide Show From the picture screen, press z. The slide show will start to play.
. Press the screen to cancel the
slide show during the slide show playback. The last played audio source will play as background music during the slide show playback.
Infotainment System 7-41
Pause . Press j to pause. . Press r to resume. Changing to Next/Previous Movie . Press u to change to the
next file.
. Press t within five seconds of
the playback time to play the previous file.
Returning to the Beginning of the Current Movie Press t after five seconds of the playback time.
Scanning Forward or Backward Press and hold t or u during playback to rewind or fast-forward. Release the button to resume playback at normal speed.
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Infotainment System
Viewing Full Screen Press t from the movie screen. Press t again to return to the previous screen.
Using the USB Movie Menu 1. Press MENU from the movie
screen.
display settings: adjusts for Brightness and Contrast. tone settings: shows the sound setup. See “Tone Settings” under “Radio Controls with Touchscreen” in Operation on page 7‑5.
3. Press 4 to exit.
Subtitle Language If the movie file has a subtitle language, it can be viewed. . Press q from the movie screen. . Press S or T on the pop-up
screen.
. Press r to close the pop-up
Audio Language If the movie file has an audio language, it can be used. . Press q from the movie screen. . Press Z S or T on the pop-up
screen.
. Press r to close the pop-up
screen.
If there is only one audio language, it cannot be set. Audio language can be set only when the movie file is the Divx File.
2. Press the appropriate menu:
screen.
If there is only one subtitle language, it can be set to On/Off.
movie file list: lists all movie files. clock/temp display: allows selection of On or Off to show the clock and temperature on the full screen.
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Trademarks and License Agreements
FCC Information See Radio Frequency Statement on page 13‑15 regarding Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules and with Industry Canada Standards RSS-GEN/210/220/310.
Bluetooth® The Bluetooth word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth® SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by General Motors is under license. Other trademarks and trade names are those of their respective owners.
DivX Certified® to play DivX® video, including premium content.
Covered by one or more of the following U.S. patents: 7,295,673; 7,460,668; 7,515,710; 7,519,274. DivX®, DivX Certified® and associated logos are trademarks of Rovi Corporation or its subsidiaries and are used under license.
“Made for iPod” and “Made for iPhone” mean that an electronic accessory has been designed to connect specifically to iPod or iPhone and has been certified by the developer to meet Apple performance standards. iPod and iPhone are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
Infotainment System 7-43
Fees and Taxes: Subscription fee, taxes, one time activation fee, and other fees may apply. Subscription fee is consumer only. All fees and programming subject to change. Subscriptions subject to Customer Agreement available at www.siriusxm.com. SiriusXM® service only available in the 48 contiguous United States and Canada. In Canada: Some deterioration of service may occur in extreme northern latitudes. This is beyond the control of SiriusXM® Satellite Radio.
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Infotainment System
Explicit Language Notice: Channels with frequent explicit language are indicated with an “XL” preceding the channel name. Channel blocking is available for SiriusXM Satellite Radio receivers by notifying SiriusXM: . USA: 866-635-2349 or see
www.siriusxm.com.
General Requirements: 1. A License Agreement from SiriusXM is required for any product that incorporates SiriusXM Technology and/or for use of any of the SiriusXM marks to be manufactured, distributed, or marketed in the SiriusXM Service Area.
. Canada: 877-209-0079 or see
2. For products to be distributed,
www.xmradio.ca.
It is prohibited to copy, decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, hack, manipulate, or otherwise make available any technology or software incorporated in receivers compatible with the SiriusXM Satellite Radio System or that support the SiriusXM website, the Online Service or any of its content. Furthermore, the AMBER voice compression software included in this product is protected by intellectual property rights including patent rights, copyrights, and trade secrets of Digital Voice Systems, Inc.
marketed, and/or sold in Canada, a separate agreement is required with Canadian Satellite Radio Inc. (operating as XM Canada).
FreeType 2
Portions of this software are copyright ® 2007-2012 The FreeType Project (www.freetype.org). All rights reserved. Libjpeg The navigation software is based in part on the work of the independent JPEG Group.Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual - 2013 - 1st - 5/2/12
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Climate Control Systems The heating, cooling, and ventilation for the vehicle can be controlled with this system.
Climate Controls
Climate Control Systems
Climate Control Systems . . . . . . 8-1
Air Vents
Air Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
Maintenance
Air Intake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
Passenger Compartment AirFilter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
1. Fan Control 2. Air Conditioning 3. Recirculation 4. Temperature Control 5. Rear Window Defogger 6. Air Delivery Mode Control
Climate Controls
8-1
A (Fan Control): Turn clockwise or counterclockwise to increase or decrease the fan speed. Turning the fan control to 0 turns the fan off. The fan must be turned on to run the air conditioning compressor. Air Delivery Mode Control: Turn clockwise or counterclockwise to change the current airflow mode. Temperature Control: Turn clockwise or counterclockwise to increase or decrease the temperature. Select from the following air delivery modes: Y (Vent): Air is directed to the instrument panel outlets. \ (Bi-Level): Air is divided between the instrument panel and floor outlets. [ (Floor): Air is directed to the floor outlets.
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ACCESSORY or LOCK/OFF. If turned on again it runs for about five minutes before turning off. Notice: Do not use anything sharp on the inside of the rear window. If you do, you could cut or damage the warming grid, and the repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Do not attach a temporary vehicle license, tape, a decal, or anything similar to the defogger grid.
8-2
Climate Controls
W (Defog): This mode clears the windows of fog or moisture. Air is directed to the floor, windshield, and side window outlets. 0 (Defrost): This mode clears the windshield of fog or frost more quickly. Air is directed to the windshield and side window outlets. Do not drive the vehicle until all windows are clear. # (Air Conditioning): Turn A to the desired speed. The air conditioning does not operate when the fan control knob is at 0. Press # to turn the air conditioning on and off. When # is pressed, an indicator light comes on to show that the air conditioning is on. Using air conditioning and recirculation together for long periods of time may cause the air inside the vehicle to become too dry. To prevent this from happening, after the air in the vehicle has cooled, turn the recirculation mode off.
M (Recirculation): This mode recirculates and helps to quickly cool the air inside the vehicle. It can be used to prevent outside air and odors from entering the vehicle. Press the button to turn the recirculation mode on. An indicator light comes on to show that the recirculation is on. Press the button again to return to outside air mode. Using the recirculation mode for extended periods may cause the windows to fog. If this happens, select the defrost mode. Rear Window Defogger 1 (Rear Window Defogger): Press to turn the rear window defogger on or off. An indicator light comes on to show that the feature is on. The rear window defogger turns off after about 10 minutes. It can also be turned off by pressing 1 again or by turning the ignition to ACC/
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Air Vents Adjustable air vents are in the center and on the side of the instrument panel.
Move the slats to change the direction of the airflow. The center air vent does not close completely.
Press the cover of the side air vents to open. Turn open slats clockwise or counterclockwise to direct airflow as needed. Close the cover to stop the airflow. Additional air vents are located beneath the windshield and the driver and passenger side door windows, and in the footwells. These are fixed and cannot be adjusted.
Climate Controls
8-3
Operation Tips . Clear away any ice, snow,
or leaves from air inlets at the base of the windshield that could block the flow of air into the vehicle.
. Keep the path under the front seats clear of objects to help circulate the air inside of the vehicle more effectively.
. Use of non-GM approved hood deflectors can adversely affect the performance of the system. Check with your dealer before adding equipment to the outside of the vehicle.
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8-4
Climate Controls
Maintenance
Air Intake
The air intake at the base of the windshield inside the engine compartment must be kept clear to allow the flow of air into the vehicle. Clear away any ice, snow, or leaves.
Passenger Compartment Air Filter The filter removes dust, pollen, and other airborne irritants from outside air that is pulled into the vehicle. The filter should be replaced as part of routine scheduled maintenance. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11‑2. To find out what type of filter to use, see Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11‑13.
1. Open the glove box completely
and pull it up by each side to remove.
2. Push the two tabs upwards and release the latches holding the service door. Lift the service door.
3. Remove the old air filter. 4. 5. Close the service door and
Install the new air filter.
latches.
6. Re-install the glove box. See your dealer if additional assistance is needed.
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Driving and Operating
Driving Information
Distracted Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Drunk Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
Driving on Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . 9-5
Highway Hypnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . 9-6
Winter Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
If the Vehicle Is Stuck . . . . . . . . . 9-8
Vehicle Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9Starting and Operating
New Vehicle Break-In . . . . . . . . 9-13
Ignition Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14
Starting the Engine . . . . . . . . . . 9-15
Engine Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-16Retained Accessory
Power (RAP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-17
Shifting Into Park . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-17
Shifting out of Park . . . . . . . . . . 9-19
Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20
Parking over ThingsThat Burn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20
Engine Exhaust
Engine Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-21
Running the Vehicle WhileParked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-21
Automatic Transmission
Automatic Transmission . . . . . 9-22
Manual Transmission
Manual Transmission . . . . . . . . 9-24
Brakes
Antilock Brake
System (ABS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-25
Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-26
Brake Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-26Driving and Operating
9-1
Ride Control Systems
Traction Control
System (TCS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-27
StabiliTrak® System . . . . . . . . . 9-29Cruise Control
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-30
Fuel
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-32
Recommended Fuel . . . . . . . . . 9-33
Gasoline Specifications . . . . . . 9-33
California FuelRequirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-33
Fuels in Foreign Countries . . . 9-33
Fuel Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-33
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-35
Filling a Portable FuelContainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-36
Towing
General Towing
Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-37
Conversions and Add-Ons
Add-On Electrical
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-37
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Driving and Operating
Driving Information
Distracted Driving Distraction comes in many forms and can take your focus from the task of driving. Exercise good judgment and do not let other activities divert your attention away from the road. Many local governments have enacted laws regarding driver distraction. Become familiar with the local laws in your area. To avoid distracted driving, always keep your eyes on the road, hands on the wheel, and mind on the drive. . Do not use a phone in
demanding driving situations. Use a hands-free method to place or receive necessary phone calls.
. Watch the road. Do not read,
take notes, or look up information on phones or other electronic devices.
. Designate a front seat
passenger to handle potential distractions.
. Become familiar with vehicle
features before driving, such as programming favorite radio stations and adjusting climate control and seat settings. Program all trip information into any navigation device prior to driving.
. Wait until the vehicle is parked
to retrieve items that have fallen to the floor.
. Stop or park the vehicle to tend
to children.
. Keep pets in an appropriate
carrier or restraint.
. Avoid stressful conversations while driving, whether with a passenger or on a cell phone.
{ WARNING
Taking your eyes off the road too long or too often could cause a crash resulting in injury or death. Focus your attention on driving.
Refer to the Infotainment section for more information on using that system, including pairing and using a cell phone.
Defensive Driving Defensive driving means “always expect the unexpected.” The first step in driving defensively is to wear the safety belt. See Safety Belts on page 3‑9. . Assume that other road users
(pedestrians, bicyclists, and other drivers) are going to be careless and make mistakes. Anticipate what they might do and be ready.
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. Allow enough following distance
between you and the driver in front of you. Focus on the task of driving.
Drunk Driving Death and injury associated with drinking and driving is a global tragedy.
{ WARNING
Drinking and then driving is very dangerous. Your reflexes, perceptions, attentiveness, and judgment can be affected by even a small amount of alcohol. You can have a serious — or even fatal — collision if you drive after drinking. Do not drink and drive or ride with a driver who has been drinking. Ride home in a cab; or if you are with a group, designate a driver who will not drink.
Control of a Vehicle Braking, steering, and accelerating are important factors in helping to control a vehicle while driving.
Braking Braking action involves perception time and reaction time. Deciding to push the brake pedal is perception time. Actually doing it is reaction time. Average driver reaction time is about three-quarters of a second. In that time, a vehicle moving at 100 km/h (60 mph) travels 20 m (66 ft), which could be a lot of distance in an emergency. Helpful braking tips to keep in mind include: . Keep enough distance between
you and the vehicle in front of you.
. Avoid needless heavy braking. . Keep pace with traffic.
Driving and Operating
9-3
If the engine ever stops while the vehicle is being driven, brake normally but do not pump the brakes. Doing so could make the pedal harder to push down. If the engine stops, there will be some power brake assist but it will be used when the brake is applied. Once the power assist is used up, it can take longer to stop and the brake pedal will be harder to push.
Steering
Electric Power Steering The vehicle has electric power steering. It does not have power steering fluid. Regular maintenance is not required. If power steering assist is lost due to a system malfunction, the vehicle can be steered, but may require increased effort. See your dealer if there is a problem.
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9-4
Driving and Operating
If the steering wheel is turned until it reaches the end of its travel and is held against that position for an extended period of time, power steering assist may be reduced. Normal use of the power steering assist should return when the system cools down. See your dealer if there is a problem. Curve Tips
Take curves at a reasonable speed.
. Reduce speed before entering a
curve.
. Maintain a reasonable steady
speed through the curve
. Wait until the vehicle is out of the curve before accelerating gently into the straightaway.
Steering in Emergencies
There are some situations when steering around a problem may be more effective than braking.
. Holding both sides of the
steering wheel allows you to turn 180 degrees without removing a hand. The Antilock Brake System (ABS) allows steering while braking.
Off-Road Recovery
The vehicle's right wheels can drop off the edge of a road onto the shoulder while driving. Follow these tips: 1. Ease off the accelerator and then, if there is nothing in the way, steer the vehicle so that it straddles the edge of the pavement.
2. Turn the steering wheel about one-eighth of a turn, until the right front tire contacts the pavement edge.
3. Turn the steering wheel to go
straight down the roadway.
Loss of Control
Skidding There are three types of skids that correspond to the vehicle's three control systems: . Braking Skid — wheels are not
rolling.
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Driving and Operating
9-5
material on the road. Learn to recognize warning clues — such as enough water, ice, or packed snow on the road to make a mirrored surface — and slow down when you have any doubt. Try to avoid sudden steering, acceleration, or braking, including reducing vehicle speed by shifting to a lower gear. Any sudden changes could cause the tires to slide.
Remember: Antilock brakes help avoid only the braking skid.
Driving on Wet Roads Rain and wet roads can reduce vehicle traction and affect your ability to stop and accelerate. Always drive slower in these types of driving conditions and avoid driving through large puddles and deep‐standing or flowing water.
{ WARNING
Wet brakes can cause crashes. They might not work as well in a quick stop and could cause pulling to one side. You could lose control of the vehicle. After driving through a large puddle of water or a car/vehicle wash, lightly apply the brake pedal until the brakes work normally. Flowing or rushing water creates strong forces. Driving through flowing water could cause the vehicle to be carried away. If this happens, you and other vehicle occupants could drown. Do not ignore police warnings and be very cautious about trying to drive through flowing water.
. Steering or Cornering Skid —
too much speed or steering in a curve causes tires to slip and lose cornering force.
. Acceleration Skid — too much
throttle causes the driving wheels to spin.
Defensive drivers avoid most skids by taking reasonable care suited to existing conditions, and by not overdriving those conditions. But skids are always possible. If the vehicle starts to slide, follow these suggestions: . Ease your foot off the
accelerator pedal and quickly steer the way you want the vehicle to go. The vehicle may straighten out. Be ready for a second skid if it occurs.
. Slow down and adjust your driving according to weather conditions. Stopping distance can be longer and vehicle control can be affected when traction is reduced by water, snow, ice, gravel, or other
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Driving and Operating
Hydroplaning Hydroplaning is dangerous. Water can build up under the vehicle's tires so they actually ride on the water. This can happen if the road is wet enough and you are going fast enough. When the vehicle is hydroplaning, it has little or no contact with the road. There is no hard and fast rule about hydroplaning. The best advice is to slow down when the road is wet. Other Rainy Weather Tips Besides slowing down, other wet weather driving tips include: . Allow extra following distance. . Pass with caution. . Keep windshield wiping
equipment in good shape.
. Keep the windshield washer fluid
reservoir filled.
. Have good tires with proper
tread depth. See Tires on page 10‑34.
Turn off cruise control.
. Check all fluid levels and brakes,
Highway Hypnosis Always be alert and pay attention to your surroundings while driving. If you become tired or sleepy, find a safe place to park the vehicle and rest. Other driving tips include: . Keep the vehicle well ventilated. . Keep the interior temperature cool.
. Keep your eyes moving — scan the road ahead and to the sides.
. Check the rearview mirror and
vehicle instruments often.
Hill and Mountain Roads Driving on steep hills or through mountains is different than driving on flat or rolling terrain. Tips for driving in these conditions include: . Keep the vehicle serviced and in
good shape.
tires, cooling system, and transmission.
. Shift to a lower gear when going
down steep or long hills. { WARNING
If you do not shift down, the brakes could get so hot that they would not work well. You would then have poor braking or even none going down a hill. You could crash. Shift down to let the engine assist the brakes on a steep downhill slope.
{ WARNING
Coasting downhill in N (Neutral) or with the ignition off is dangerous. The brakes will have to do all the work of slowing down and they could get so hot that
(Continued)
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WARNING (CONTINUED)
they would not work well. You would then have poor braking or even none going down a hill. You could crash. Always have the engine running and the vehicle in gear when going downhill.
. Stay in your own lane. Do not swing wide or cut across the center of the road. Drive at speeds that let you stay in your own lane.
. Be alert on top of hills;
something could be in your lane (stalled car, accident).
. Pay attention to special road
signs (falling rocks area, winding roads, long grades, passing or no-passing zones) and take appropriate action.
Winter Driving
Driving on Snow or Ice Drive carefully when there is snow or ice between the tires and the road, creating less traction or grip. Wet ice can occur at about 0°C (32°F) when freezing rain begins to fall, resulting in even less traction. Avoid driving on wet ice or in freezing rain until roads can be treated with salt or sand. Drive with caution, whatever the condition. Accelerate gently so traction is not lost. Accelerating too quickly causes the wheels to spin and makes the surface under the tires slick, so there is even less traction. Try not to break the fragile traction. If you accelerate too fast, the drive wheels will spin and polish the surface under the tires even more. The Antilock Brake System (ABS) improves vehicle stability during hard stops on slippery roads, but
Driving and Operating
9-7
apply the brakes sooner than when on dry pavement. See Antilock Brake System (ABS) on page 9‑25. Allow greater following distance on any slippery road and watch for slippery spots. Icy patches can occur on otherwise clear roads in shaded areas. The surface of a curve or an overpass can remain icy when the surrounding roads are clear. Avoid sudden steering maneuvers and braking while on ice. Turn off cruise control on slippery surfaces. Blizzard Conditions Being stuck in snow can be a serious situation. Stay with the vehicle unless there is help nearby. If possible, use Roadside Assistance. See Roadside Assistance Program on page 13‑5. To get help and keep everyone in the vehicle safe:
Turn on the hazard warning flashers.
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Driving and Operating
Tie a red cloth to an outside mirror.
{ WARNING
Snow can trap engine exhaust under the vehicle. This may cause exhaust gases to get inside. Engine exhaust contains carbon monoxide (CO) which cannot be seen or smelled. It can cause unconsciousness and even death. If the vehicle is stuck in the snow: . Clear away snow from around
the base of your vehicle, especially any that is blocking the exhaust pipe.
. Check again from time to
time to be sure snow does not collect there.
. Open a window about 5 cm
(2 in) on the side of the vehicle that is away from the wind to bring in fresh air.
(Continued)
WARNING (CONTINUED)
. Fully open the air outlets on
or under the instrument panel.
. Adjust the climate control
system to a setting that circulates the air inside the vehicle and set the fan speed to the highest setting. See “Climate Control Systems” in the Index.
For more information about carbon monoxide, see Engine Exhaust on page 9‑21.
Run the engine for short periods only as needed to keep warm, but be careful. To save fuel, run the engine for only short periods as needed to warm the vehicle and then shut the engine off and close the window most of the way to save heat. Repeat this until help arrives but only when you
feel really uncomfortable from the cold. Moving about to keep warm also helps. If it takes some time for help to arrive, now and then when you run the engine, push the accelerator pedal slightly so the engine runs faster than the idle speed. This keeps the battery charged to restart the vehicle and to signal for help with the headlamps. Do this as little as possible to save fuel.
If the Vehicle Is Stuck Slowly and cautiously spin the wheels to free the vehicle when stuck in sand, mud, ice, or snow. If stuck too severely for the traction system to free the vehicle, turn the traction system off and use the rocking method. See Traction Control System (TCS) on page 9‑27.
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Driving and Operating
9-9
{ WARNING
Do not load the vehicle any heavier than the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), or either the maximum front or rear Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). This can cause systems to break and change the way the vehicle handles. This could cause loss of control and a crash. Overloading can also shorten the life of the vehicle.
{ WARNING
If the vehicle's tires spin at high speed, they can explode, and you or others could be injured. The vehicle can overheat, causing an engine compartment fire or other damage. Spin the wheels as little as possible and avoid going above 56 km/h (35 mph).
Rocking the Vehicle to Get it Out Turn the steering wheel left and right to clear the area around the front wheels. Turn off any traction system. Shift back and forth between R (Reverse) and a low forward gear, spinning the wheels as little as possible. To prevent transmission wear, wait until the wheels stop spinning before shifting gears. Release the accelerator pedal while shifting, and press lightly on the accelerator pedal when the transmission is in gear.
Slowly spinning the wheels in the forward and reverse directions causes a rocking motion that could free the vehicle. If that does not get the vehicle out after a few tries, it might need to be towed out. If the vehicle does need to be towed out, see Towing the Vehicle on page 10‑65.
Vehicle Load Limits It is very important to know how much weight the vehicle can carry. This weight is called the vehicle capacity weight and includes the weight of all occupants, cargo, and all nonfactory-installed options. Two labels on the vehicle show how much weight it may properly carry: the Tire and Loading Information label and the Certification label.
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Driving and Operating
Tire and Loading Information Label
Label Example
A vehicle-specific Tire and Loading Information label is attached to the vehicle's center pillar (B-pillar). The Tire and Loading Information label shows the number of occupant seating positions (1), and the maximum vehicle capacity weight (2) in kilograms and pounds.
2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.
3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs.
4. The resulting figure equals
the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs and there will be five 150 lb passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs (1400 − 750 (5 x 150) = 650 lbs).
The Tire and Loading Information label also shows the tire size of the original equipment tires (3) and the recommended cold tire inflation pressures (4). For more information on tires and inflation see Tires on page 10‑34 and Tire Pressure on page 10‑41. There is also important loading information on the Certification label. It tells you the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) for the front and rear axle. See “Certification Label” later in this section.
Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement “The
combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs” on your vehicle's placard.
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9-11
5. Determine the combined
6.
weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, the load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.
This vehicle is neither designed nor intended to tow a trailer.
Example 1
Example 2
1. Vehicle Capacity Weight for
Example 1 = 453 kg (1,000 lbs).
1. Vehicle Capacity Weight for
Example 2 = 453 kg (1,000 lbs).
2. Subtract Occupant Weight @
68 kg (150 lbs) × 2 = 136 kg (300 lbs).
2. Subtract Occupant Weight @
68 kg (150 lbs) × 5 = 340 kg (750 lbs).
3. Available Occupant and Cargo Weight = 317 kg (700 lbs).
3. Available Cargo Weight =
113 kg (250 lbs).
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Driving and Operating
seating positions. The combined weight of the driver, passengers, and cargo should never exceed the vehicle's capacity weight.
Certification Label
Example 3
1. Vehicle Capacity Weight for
Example 3 = 453 kg (1,000 lbs).
2. Subtract Occupant Weight @
91 kg (200 lbs) × 5 = 453 kg (1,000 lbs).
3. Available Cargo Weight =
0 kg (0 lbs).
Refer to the vehicle's Tire and Loading Information label for specific information about the vehicle's capacity weight and
Label Example
A vehicle-specific Certification label is attached to the vehicle's center pillar (B-pillar). The label tells the gross weight capacity of the vehicle, called the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). The GVWR includes the weight of the vehicle, all occupants,
fuel, and cargo. Never exceed the GVWR for the vehicle, or the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) for either the front or rear axle. And, if there is a heavy load, it should be spread out. See “Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit” earlier in this section.
{ WARNING
Do not load the vehicle any heavier than the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), or either the maximum front or rear Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). This can cause systems to break and change the way the vehicle handles. This could cause loss of control and a crash. Overloading can also shorten the life of the vehicle.
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If you put things inside the vehicle — like suitcases, tools, packages, or anything else — they will go as fast as the vehicle goes. If you have to stop or turn quickly, or if there is a crash, they will keep going.
{ WARNING
Things inside the vehicle can strike and injure people in a sudden stop or turn, or in a crash.
. Put things in the cargo
area of the vehicle. In the cargo area, put them as far forward as possible. Try to spread the weight evenly.
(Continued)
WARNING (CONTINUED)
. Never stack heavier
things, like suitcases, inside the vehicle so that some of them are above the tops of the seats.
. Do not leave an
unsecured child restraint in the vehicle.
. Secure loose items in the
vehicle.
. Do not leave a seat folded
down unless needed.
Driving and Operating
9-13
Starting and Operating
New Vehicle Break-In Notice: The vehicle does not need an elaborate break-in. But it will perform better in the long run if you follow these guidelines:
. Do not drive at any one
constant speed, fast or slow, for the first 805 km (500 mi). Do not make full-throttle starts. Avoid downshifting to brake or slow the vehicle.
. Avoid making hard stops for
the first 322 km (200 mi) or so. During this time the new brake linings are not yet broken in. Hard stops with new linings can mean premature wear and earlier replacement. Follow this breaking-in guideline every time you get new brake linings.
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Driving and Operating
Following break‐in, engine speed and load can be gradually increased.
Ignition Positions
The ignition switch has four different positions. The uplevel key must be fully extended to start the vehicle. To shift out of P (Park), the ignition must be in ON/RUN and the regular brake pedal applied.
1 (STOPPING THE ENGINE/LOCK/ OFF): When the vehicle is stopped, turn the ignition switch to LOCK/ OFF to turn the engine off. This position locks the steering wheel, ignition, and transmission. The ignition switch can bind in the LOCK/OFF position with the wheels turned off center. If this happens, move the steering wheel from right to left while turning the key to ACC/ ACCESSORY. If this does not work, then the vehicle needs service. Do not turn the engine off when the vehicle is moving. This will cause a loss of power assist in the brake and steering systems and disable the airbags. If the vehicle must be shut off in an emergency: 1. Brake using a firm and steady
pressure. Do not pump the brakes repeatedly. This may deplete power assist, requiring increased brake pedal force.
2. Shift the vehicle to N (Neutral).
This can be done while the vehicle is moving. After shifting to N (Neutral), firmly apply the brakes and steer the vehicle to a safe location.
3. Come to a complete stop. Shift
to P (Park) with an automatic transmission, or Neutral with a manual transmission. Turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF.
4. Set the parking brake. See
Parking Brake on page 9‑26.
{ WARNING
Turning off the vehicle while moving may cause loss of power assist in the brake and steering systems and disable the airbags. While driving, only shut the vehicle off in an emergency.
If the vehicle cannot be pulled over, and must be shut off while driving, turn the ignition to ACC/ ACCESSORY.
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9-15
If you leave the key in the ACC/ ACCESSORY or ON/RUN position with the engine off, the battery could be drained. You may not be able to start the vehicle if the battery is allowed to drain for an extended period of time. 4 (START): This is the position that starts the engine. When the engine starts, release the key. The ignition switch returns to ON/RUN for driving. A warning tone will sound when the driver door is opened, the ignition is in ACC/ACCESSORY or LOCK/ OFF, and the key is in the ignition. If the ignition becomes difficult to turn with the uplevel key, see Keys on page 2‑1.
Starting the Engine
Automatic Transmission Move the shift lever to P (Park) or N (Neutral). The engine will not start in any other position. To restart the engine when the vehicle is already moving, use N (Neutral) only. Notice: Do not try to shift to P (Park) if the vehicle is moving. If you do, you could damage the transmission. Shift to P (Park) only when the vehicle is stopped. Manual Transmission The shift lever should be in Neutral and the parking brake engaged. Hold the clutch pedal to the floor and start the engine. The vehicle will not start if the clutch pedal is not all the way down.
Notice: Using a tool to force the key to turn in the ignition could cause damage to the switch or break the key. Use the correct key, make sure it is all the way in, and turn it only with your hand. If the key cannot be turned by hand, see your dealer. 2 (ACC/ACCESSORY): This is the position in which you can operate things like the radio and the windshield wipers when the engine is off. 3 (ON/RUN): This position can be used to operate the electrical accessories and to display some instrument cluster warning and indicator lights. This position can also be used for service and diagnostics, and to verify the proper operation of the malfunction indicator lamp as may be required for emission inspection purposes. The switch stays in this position when the engine is running.
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Driving and Operating
Starting Procedure 1. With your foot off the accelerator pedal, turn the ignition to START. When the engine cranks, let go of the key. The idle speed will go down as the engine gets warm. The vehicle has a Computer-Controlled Cranking System. It assists in starting the engine and protects components. If the ignition key is turned to START and then released when the engine begins cranking, the engine will continue cranking for a few seconds or until the engine starts. If the engine does not start and the key is held in START, cranking will be stopped after 15 seconds to prevent damage. To prevent gear damage, cranking is not allowed if the engine is running. Engine cranking can be stopped by turning the ignition key to ACC/ ACCESSORY or LOCK/OFF.
Notice: Holding the key in START for longer than 15 seconds at a time will cause the battery to be drained much sooner. And the excessive heat can damage the starter motor. Wait about 15 seconds between each try to help avoid draining the battery or damaging the starter. 2.
If the engine does not start, wait about 15 seconds and try again. Wait about 15 seconds between each try. When the engine has run about 10 seconds to warm up, the vehicle is ready to be driven. Do not run the engine at high speed when it is cold. If the weather is below freezing (0°C or 32°F), let the engine run for a few minutes to warm up. If the engine still will not start, or starts but then stops, it could be flooded with too much gasoline. Try pushing the accelerator pedal all the way to the floor and holding it there as
3.
you hold the key in START for about three seconds. If the vehicle starts briefly but then stops again, do the same thing, but this time keep the pedal down for five or six seconds. This clears the extra gasoline from the engine.
Notice: If you add electrical parts or accessories, you could change the way the engine operates. Any resulting damage would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. See Add-On Electrical Equipment
