2016 Chevrolet Express Owners Manual

while refueling.

. Do not reenter the vehicle

while pumping fuel.

. Keep children away from

the fuel pump and never let children pump fuel.

. Fuel can spray out if the fuel

cap is opened too quickly. This spray can happen if the tank is nearly full, and is more likely in hot weather. Open the fuel cap slowly and wait for any hiss noise to stop, then unscrew the cap all the way.

Do not use fuel containing methanol. It can corrode metal parts in the fuel system and also damage plastic and rubber parts. That damage would not be covered under the vehicle warranty.

Filling the Tank

{ Warning

Fuel vapors and fuel fires burn violently and can cause injury or death.

. To help avoid injuries to you and others, read and follow all the instructions on the fuel pump island.

. Turn off the engine when

refueling.

. Keep sparks, flames, and

smoking materials away from fuel.

(Continued)

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Driving and Operating

{ Warning

{ Warning

If a fire starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notifying the station attendant. Leave the area immediately.

Caution

If a new fuel cap is needed, be sure to get the right type of cap from your dealer. The wrong type of fuel cap may not fit properly, may cause the malfunction indicator lamp to light, and could damage the fuel tank and emissions system. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Check Engine Light) 0 101.

Overfilling the fuel tank by more than three clicks of a standard fill nozzle may cause:

. Vehicle performance issues, including engine stalling and damage to the fuel system.

. Fuel spills. . Potential fuel fires.

Be careful not to spill fuel. Wait a few seconds after you have finished pumping before removing the nozzle. Clean fuel from painted surfaces as soon as possible. See Exterior Care 0 285. When replacing the fuel cap, turn it clockwise until it clicks. Make sure the cap is fully installed. The diagnostic system can determine if the fuel cap has been left off or improperly installed. This would allow fuel to evaporate into the atmosphere. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Check Engine Light) 0 101.

The fuel cap is behind a hinged fuel door on the driver side of the vehicle. If the vehicle has E85 fuel capability, the fuel cap will be yellow and state that E85 or gasoline can be used. See E85 or FlexFuel 0 198. To remove the fuel cap, turn it slowly counterclockwise. While refueling, hang the tethered fuel cap from the hook on the fuel door.

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Filling a Portable Fuel Container

{ Warning

Filling a portable fuel container while it is in the vehicle can cause fuel vapors that can ignite either by static electricity or other means. You or others could be badly burned and the vehicle could be damaged. Always:

. Use approved fuel

containers.

. Remove the container from the vehicle, trunk, or pickup bed before filling.

. Place the container on the

ground.

. Place the nozzle inside the fill opening of the container before dispensing fuel, and keep it in contact with the fill opening until filling is complete.

(Continued)

Warning (Continued)

. Fill the container no more than 95% full to allow for expansion.

. Do not smoke, light

matches, or use lighters while pumping fuel.

. Avoid using cell phones or

other electronic devices.

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201

Trailer Towing

General Towing Information Only use towing equipment that has been designed for the vehicle. Contact your dealer or trailering dealer for assistance with preparing the vehicle for towing a trailer. Read the entire section before towing a trailer. For towing a disabled vehicle, see Towing the Vehicle 0 283. For towing the vehicle behind another vehicle such as a motor home, see Recreational Vehicle Towing 0 284.

Driving Characteristics and Towing Tips

Driving with a Trailer When towing a trailer: . Become familiar with the state

and local laws that apply to trailer towing.

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Driving and Operating

. Do not tow a trailer during the first 800 km (500 mi) to prevent damage to the engine, axle, or other parts.

. Then during the first 800 km

(500 mi) of trailer towing, do not drive over 80 km/h (50 mph) and do not make starts at full throttle.

. Vehicles can tow in D (Drive).

Shift the transmission to a lower gear if the transmission shifts too often under heavy loads and/ or hilly conditions.

. Turn off Park Assist when

towing.

{ Warning

When towing a trailer, exhaust gases may collect at the rear of the vehicle and enter if the liftgate, trunk/hatch, or rear-most window is open. When towing a trailer:

(Continued)

Warning (Continued)

. Do not drive with the liftgate, trunk/hatch, or rear-most window open. . Fully open the air outlets on

or under the instrument panel.

. Also adjust the climate

control system to a setting that brings in only outside air. See “Climate Control Systems” in the Index. For more information about Carbon Monoxide, see Engine Exhaust 0 181.

Towing a trailer requires a certain amount of experience. The combination you are driving is longer and not as responsive as the vehicle itself. Get acquainted with the handling and braking of the rig before setting out for the open road. Before starting, check all trailer hitch parts and attachments, safety chains, electrical connectors, lamps, tires, and mirrors. If the trailer has

electric brakes, start the combination moving and then apply the trailer brake controller by hand to be sure the brakes work. During the trip, check occasionally to be sure that the load is secure and the lamps and any trailer brakes still work. Following Distance Stay at least twice as far behind the vehicle ahead as you would when driving the vehicle without a trailer. This can help to avoid heavy braking and sudden turns. Passing More passing distance is needed when towing a trailer. The combination will not accelerate as quickly and is longer so it is necessary to go much farther beyond the passed vehicle before returning to the lane. Backing Up Hold the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand. To move the trailer to the left, move that hand to the left. To move the trailer to the

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right, move your hand to the right. Always back up slowly and, if possible, have someone guide you. Making Turns

Caution

Making very sharp turns while trailering could cause the trailer to come in contact with the vehicle. The vehicle could be damaged. Avoid making very sharp turns while trailering.

When turning with a trailer, make wider turns than normal. Do this so the trailer will not strike soft shoulders, curbs, road signs, trees, or other objects. Avoid jerky or sudden maneuvers. Signal well in advance. If the trailer turn signal bulbs burn out, the arrows on the instrument cluster will still flash for turns. It is important to check occasionally to be sure the trailer bulbs are still working.

Driving on Grades Reduce speed and shift to a lower gear before starting down a long or steep downgrade. If the transmission is not shifted down, the brakes might get hot and no longer work well. Vehicles can tow in D (Drive). Shift the transmission to a lower gear if the transmission shifts too often under heavy loads and/or hilly conditions. The Tow/Haul Mode may be used if the transmission shifts too often. See Tow/Haul Mode 0 186. When towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, consider the following: Engine coolant will boil at a lower temperature than at normal altitudes. If the engine is turned off immediately after towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, the vehicle may show signs similar to engine overheating. To avoid this, let the engine run while parked, preferably on level ground, with the transmission in P (Park) for a few

Driving and Operating

203

minutes before turning the engine off. If the overheat warning comes on, see Engine Overheating 0 228. Parking on Hills

{ Warning

Parking the vehicle on a hill with the trailer attached can be dangerous. If something goes wrong, the rig could start to move. People can be injured, and both the vehicle and the trailer can be damaged. When possible, always park the rig on a flat surface.

If parking the rig on a hill: 1. Press the brake pedal, but do not shift into P (Park) yet. Turn the wheels into the curb if facing downhill or into traffic if facing uphill.

2. Have someone place chocks

under the trailer wheels.

3. When the wheel chocks are in

place, release the regular brakes until the chocks absorb the load.

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Driving and Operating

4. Reapply the brake pedal. Then

apply the parking brake and shift into P (Park).

5. Release the brake pedal. Leaving After Parking on a Hill 1. Apply and hold the brake

pedal.

2. Start the engine. 3. Shift into a gear. 4. Release the parking brake. 5. Let up on the brake pedal. 6. Drive slowly until the trailer is

clear of the chocks.

7. Stop and have someone pick

up and store the chocks. Maintenance when Trailer Towing The vehicle needs service more often when pulling a trailer. See Maintenance Schedule 0 295. Things that are especially important in trailer operation are automatic transmission fluid, engine oil, axle lubricant, belts, cooling system, and

brake system. It is a good idea to inspect these before and during the trip. Check periodically to see that all hitch nuts and bolts are tight.

Trailer Towing If the vehicle has a diesel engine, see the Duramax diesel supplement.

{ Warning

The driver can lose control when pulling a trailer if the correct equipment is not used or the vehicle is not driven properly. For example, if the trailer is too heavy, the brakes may not work well — or even at all. The driver and passengers could be seriously injured. The vehicle may also be damaged; the resulting repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Pull a trailer only if all the steps in this section have been followed. Ask your

(Continued)

Warning (Continued)

dealer for advice and information about towing a trailer with the vehicle.

Caution

Pulling a trailer improperly can damage the vehicle and result in costly repairs not covered by the vehicle warranty. To pull a trailer correctly, follow the advice in this section and see your dealer for important information about towing a trailer with the vehicle.

To identify the trailering capacity of the vehicle, read the information in “Weight of the Trailer” following. Trailering is different than just driving the vehicle by itself. Trailering means changes in handling, acceleration, braking, durability, and fuel economy.

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Driving and Operating

205

equipment, passengers,and cargo in the tow vehicle must be subtracted from the maximum trailer weight. Use the following chart to determine how much the vehicle can weigh, based upon the vehicle model and options.

Successful, safe trailering takes correct equipment, and it has to be used properly. The following information has many time-tested, important trailering tips and safety rules. Many of these are important for your safety and that of your passengers. So please read this section carefully before pulling a trailer. Weight of the Trailer How heavy can a trailer safely be? It depends on how the rig is used. For example, speed, altitude, road grades, outside temperature, and how much the vehicle is used to pull a trailer are all important. It can depend on any special equipment on the vehicle, and the amount of tongue weight the vehicle can carry. See “Weight of the Trailer Tongue” later in this section. Maximum trailer weight is calculated assuming only the driver is in the tow vehicle and it has all the required trailering equipment. The weight of additional optional

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Driving and Operating

Vehicle G2500 Cargo Van 2WD Short Wheelbase

4.8L V8
6.0L V8

G2500 Cargo Van 2WD Long Wheelbase

4.8L V8
6.0L V8

G2500 Passenger Van 2WD Short Wheelbase

4.8L V8
6.0L V8

G3500 Cargo Van 2WD Short Wheelbase

4.8L V8
6.0L V8

G3500 Cargo Van 2WD Long Wheelbase

4.8L V8
6.0L V8

G3500 Passenger Van 2WD Short Wheelbase

4.8L V8
6.0L V8

Axle Ratio

Maximum Trailer Weight

GCWR*

3.42
3.42

3.42
3.42

3.42
3.42

3.42
3.42

3.42
3.42

3.42
3.42

4 037 kg (8,900 lb) 4 536 kg (10,000 lb)

6 623 kg (14,600 lb) 7 257 kg (16,000 lb)

3 719 kg (8,200 lb) 4 536 kg (10,000 lb)

6 623 kg (14,600 lb) 7 257 kg (16,000 lb)

3 946 kg (8,700 lb) 4 355 kg (9,600 lb)

6 623 kg (14,600 lb) 7 257 kg (16,000 lb)

4 037 kg (8,900 lb) 4 536 kg (10,000 lb)

6 623 kg (14,600 lb) 7 257 kg (16,000 lb)

3 946 kg (8,700 lb) 4 536 kg (10,000 lb)

6 623 kg (14,600 lb) 7 257 kg (16,000 lb)

3 719 kg (8,200 lb) 4 355 kg (9,600 lb)

6 623 kg (14,600 lb) 7 257 kg (16,000 lb)

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Vehicle G3500 Passenger Van 2WD Long Wheelbase

Axle Ratio

Maximum Trailer Weight

GCWR*

Driving and Operating

207

4.8L V8
6.0L V8

6 623 kg (14,600 lb) 7 257 kg (16,000 lb) *The Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR) is the total allowable weight of the completely loaded vehicle and trailer including any passengers, cargo, equipment, and conversion. The GCWR for the vehicle should not be exceeded.

3 583 kg (7,900 lb) 4 218 kg (9,300 lb)

3.42
3.42

Ask your dealer for trailering information or advice. Weight of the Trailer Tongue The tongue load (1) of any trailer is an important weight to measure because it affects the total gross weight of the vehicle. The Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) includes the curb weight of the vehicle, any cargo carried in it, and the people who will be riding in the vehicle. If there are a lot of options, equipment, passengers, or cargo in the vehicle, it will reduce the tongue weight the vehicle can carry, which will also reduce the trailer weight the vehicle can tow. If towing a trailer, the tongue load must be added to

the GVW because the vehicle will be carrying that weight, too. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 170 for more information about the vehicle's maximum load capacity.

The trailer tongue weight (1) should be 10 percent to 15 percent of the total loaded trailer weight (2), up to a maximum of 181 kg (400 lb) with a weight carrying hitch. The trailer tongue weight (1) should be 10 percent to 15 percent of the total loaded trailer weight (2), up to a maximum of 454 kg (1,000 lb) with a weight distributing hitch. Do not exceed the maximum allowable tongue weight for the vehicle. Choose the shortest hitch extension that will position the hitch ball closest to the vehicle. This will help reduce the effect of trailer tongue weight on the rear axle.

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Driving and Operating

After loading the trailer, weigh the trailer and then the tongue, separately, to see if the weights are proper. If they are not, adjustments might be made by moving some items around in the trailer. Trailering may be limited by the vehicle's ability to carry tongue weight. Tongue weight cannot cause the vehicle to exceed the GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating) or the RGAWR (Rear Gross Axle Weight Rating). The effect of additional weight may reduce the trailering capacity more than the total of the additional weight. It is important that the vehicle does not exceed any of its ratings — GCWR, GVWR, RGAWR, Maximum Trailer Rating, or Tongue Weight. The only way to be sure it is not exceeding any of these ratings is to weigh the vehicle and trailer. Total Weight on the Vehicle's Tires Be sure the vehicle tires are inflated to the upper limit for cold tires. These numbers can be found on the Certification label at the rear edge of

the driver door, or see Vehicle Load Limits 0 170. Make sure not to go over the GVW limit for the vehicle, or the GAWR, including the weight of the trailer tongue. If using a weight distributing hitch, make sure not to go over the rear axle limit before applying the weight distribution spring bars.

Towing Equipment

Hitches The correct hitch equipment helps maintain combination control. Many trailers can be towed with a weight-carrying hitch which simply features a coupler latched to the hitch ball, or a tow eye latched to a pintle hook. Other trailers may require a weight-distributing hitch that uses spring bars to distribute the trailer tongue weight among the two vehicle and trailer axles. See “Weight of the Trailer Tongue” under Trailer Towing 0 204 for rating limits with various hitch types.

Consider using sway controls with any trailer. Ask a trailering professional about sway controls or refer to the trailer manufacturer's recommendations and instructions. Weight-Distributing Hitches and Weight Carrying Hitches A weight distributing hitch may be useful with some trailers. Use the following guidelines to determine if a weight distributing hitch should be used.

1. Front of Vehicle 2. Body to Ground Distance

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When using a weight-distributing hitch, the hitch must be adjusted so the distance (2) remains the same both before and after coupling the trailer to the tow vehicle. Safety Chains Always attach chains between the vehicle and the trailer. Cross the safety chains under the tongue of the trailer to help prevent the tongue from contacting the road if it becomes separated from the hitch. Always leave just enough slack so the rig can turn. Never allow safety chains to drag on the ground. Trailer Brakes A loaded trailer that weighs more than 680 kg (1,500 lb) needs to have its own brake system that is adequate for the weight of the trailer. Be sure to read and follow the instructions for the trailer brakes so they are installed, adjusted and maintained properly.

Trailer Wiring Harness The optional heavy-duty trailer wiring package includes a wiring harness, with a seven-pin connector at the rear of the vehicle and a four-wire harness assembly under the driver side of the instrument panel. The four-wire harness assembly comes without a connector. If the vehicle does not have a trailer hitch, the seven-wire harness assembly with connector is taped together and located in a frame pocket at the driver side rear left corner of the frame. If the vehicle has a trailer hitch, the seven-wire harness assembly with connector is attached to a bracket on the hitch platform. In both cases, the seven-wire harness has a connector and includes a 30-amp feed wire. The seven-wire harness connector contains the following trailer circuits: . Light Green: Back-up Lamps

(10A fuse)**

. White: Ground

Driving and Operating

209

. Dark Blue: Trailer Brake Signal . Dark Green: Right Rear Stop

and Turn Signal*

. Red/Black Stripe: Battery Feed

(30A Fuse)

. Brown: Trailer Park Lamp

Supply Voltage (15A fuse)**

. Yellow: Left Rear Stop and Turn

Signal *

The four-wire harness (without connector) contains the following circuits: . Black: Ground . Red/White: Battery Feed . Dark Blue: Trailer Brake Signal . Light Blue: CHMSL/Stoplamp

Supply Voltage

* If the vehicle is a cutaway with trailer provisions, a 15 amp fuse will be shared for both left/stop trailer turn and right/stop trailer turn signals. However, the cutaway lighting connector will have a 10 amp fuse for each signal.

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Driving and Operating

** If the vehicle is a cutaway with trailer provisions, a 15 amp fuse will be shared for trailer park lamps and cutaway rear lighting connector park lamps. Also, a 10 amp fuse will be shared for trailer back-up lamps and cutaway rear lighting connector back-up lamps. Tow/Haul Mode This button is on the instrument panel, to the right of the steering wheel. Pressing this button turns on and off the Tow/Haul Mode.

This indicator light on the instrument cluster comes on when the Tow/ Haul Mode is on.

Tow/Haul is a feature that assists when pulling a heavy trailer or a large or heavy load. See Tow/Haul Mode 0 186. Tow/Haul is designed to be most effective when the vehicle and trailer combined weight is at least 75 percent of the vehicle Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR). See “Weight of the Trailer” in Trailer Towing 0 204. Tow/Haul is most useful under the following driving conditions: . When pulling a heavy trailer or a

large or heavy load through rolling terrain.

. When pulling a heavy trailer or a

large or heavy load in stop-and-go traffic.

. When pulling a heavy trailer or a

large or heavy load in busy parking lots where improved low speed control of the vehicle is desired.

Operating the vehicle in Tow/Haul Mode when lightly loaded or with no trailer at all will not cause damage. However, there is no benefit to the selection of Tow/Haul when the vehicle is unloaded. Such a selection when unloaded may result in unpleasant engine and transmission driving characteristics and reduced fuel economy. Tow/ Haul is recommended only when pulling a heavy trailer or a large or heavy load.

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211

Conversions and Add-Ons

Add-On Electrical Equipment

{ Warning

The Data Link Connector (DLC) is used for vehicle service and Emission Inspection/Maintenance testing. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Check Engine Light) 0 101. A device connected to the DLC — such as an aftermarket fleet or driver-behavior tracking device — may interfere with vehicle systems. This could affect vehicle operation and cause a crash. Such devices may also access information stored in the vehicle’s systems.

Caution

Some electrical equipment can damage the vehicle or cause components to not work and would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always check with your dealer before adding electrical equipment.

Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle's 12-volt battery, even if the vehicle is not operating. The vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to add anything electrical to the vehicle, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 0 64 and Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 0 64.

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Vehicle Care

212
Vehicle Care

General Information

General Information . . . . . . . . . . 213
California Proposition

65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

California Perchlorate

Materials Requirements . . . . . 213

Accessories and

Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Battery - North America . . . . . . 233
Rear Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Noise Control System . . . . . . . . 234
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . . . 236
Automatic Transmission Shift

Lock Control Function Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

Ignition Transmission Lock

Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

Park Brake and P (Park)

Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . . . 237
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . 237

Vehicle Checks Doing Your Own

Service Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Engine Compartment

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . . 219
Automatic Transmission

Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . 223
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . . . 228
Engine Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Power Steering Fluid . . . . . . . . . 230
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

Headlamp Aiming

Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . 238

Bulb Replacement

Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Headlamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Front Turn Signal, Sidemarker,

and Parking Lamps . . . . . . . . . 240
Taillamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Center High-Mounted

Stoplamp (CHMSL) . . . . . . . . . 242
License Plate Lamp . . . . . . . . . . 242
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . 242

Electrical System

Electrical System Overload . . . 243
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . 244

Engine Compartment Fuse

Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Floor Console Fuse Block . . . . 247

Wheels and Tires

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
All-Terrain Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . . . 252
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Tire Terminology and

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Tire Pressure Monitor

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

Tire Pressure Monitor

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Dual Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
When It Is Time for New

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Different Size Tires and

Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Uniform Tire Quality

Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

Wheel Alignment and Tire

Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . . . 269

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General Information For service and parts needs, visit your dealer. You will receive genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:

Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Tire Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Full-Size Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . 279

Jump Starting

Jump Starting - North

America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

Towing the Vehicle

Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Recreational Vehicle

Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284

Appearance Care

Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

California Proposition 65 Warning WARNING: Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive

Vehicle Care

213

harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems, many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals. See Battery - North America 0 233
and Jump Starting - North America 0 280.

California Perchlorate Materials Requirements Certain types of automotive applications, such as airbag initiators, safety belt pretensioners, and lithium batteries contained in Remote Keyless Entry transmitters, may contain perchlorate materials. Special handling may be necessary. For additional information, see www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/ perchlorate.

Accessories and Modifications Adding non-dealer accessories or making modifications to the vehicle can affect vehicle performance and safety, including such things as

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214

Vehicle Care

airbags, braking, stability, ride and handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like antilock brakes, traction control, and stability control. These accessories or modifications could even cause malfunction or damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Damage to vehicle components resulting from modifications or the installation or use of non-GM certified parts, including control module or software modifications, is not covered under the terms of the vehicle warranty and may affect remaining warranty coverage for affected parts. GM Accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on the vehicle. See your dealer to accessorize the vehicle using genuine GM Accessories installed by a dealer technician. Also, see Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 0 64.

Vehicle Checks

Doing Your Own Service Work

{ Warning

It can be dangerous to work on your vehicle if you do not have the proper knowledge, service manual, tools, or parts. Always follow owner manual procedures and consult the service manual for your vehicle before doing any service work.

If doing some of your own service work, use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service the vehicle than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information 0 320. This vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 0 64.

Keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work performed. See Maintenance Records 0 305.

Caution

Even small amounts of contamination can cause damage to vehicle systems. Do not allow contaminants to contact the fluids, reservoir caps, or dipsticks.

Hood To open the hood:

1. Pull the handle with this symbol

on it. It is in front of the driver side door frame near the floor.

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3. Lift the hood, release the hood prop from its retainer, and put the hood prop into the slot in the hood.

If the vehicle has an underhood lamp, it will automatically come on and stay on until the hood is closed. Before closing the hood, be sure all of the filler caps are on properly. Then lift the hood to relieve pressure on the hood prop. Remove the hood prop from the slot in the hood and return the prop to its retainer. Let the hood down and close it firmly.

2. Go to the front of the vehicle

and lift up the secondary hood release, which is underneath the middle of the hood.

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Engine Compartment Overview

6.0L V8 Engine Shown (4.8L V8 Engine Similar)

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1. Battery - North America 0 233. 2. Radiator Pressure Cap. See

Cooling System 0 224.

3. Coolant Recovery Tank. See

Cooling System 0 224.

4. Automatic Transmission Fluid

Dipstick. See “Checking the Fluid Level” under Automatic Transmission Fluid 0 220.

5. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See “When

to Add Engine Oil” under Engine Oil 0 217.

6. Engine Oil Dipstick. See

“Checking Engine Oil” under Engine Oil 0 217.

7. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter 0 223. 8. Power Steering Fluid

Reservoir. See Power Steering Fluid 0 230.

9. Brake Master Cylinder

Reservoir. See Brake Fluid 0 232.

10. Windshield Washer Fluid

Reservoir. See “Adding Washer Fluid” under Washer Fluid 0 231.

Engine Oil For diesel engine vehicles, see “Engine Oil” in the Duramax diesel supplement. To ensure proper engine performance and long life, careful attention must be paid to engine oil. Following these simple, but important steps will help protect your investment: . Always use engine oil approved to the proper specification and of the proper viscosity grade. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section.

. Check the engine oil level regularly and maintain the proper oil level. See “Checking Engine Oil” and “When to Add Engine Oil” in this section.

. Change the engine oil at the

appropriate time. See Engine Oil Life System 0 219.

. Always dispose of engine oil

properly. See “What to Do with Used Oil” in this section.

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Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a loop. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 216 for the location of the engine oil dipstick. Obtaining an accurate oil level reading is essential: 1.

If the engine has been running recently, turn off the engine and allow several minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Checking the oil level too soon after engine shutoff will not provide an accurate oil level reading.

{ Warning

The engine oil dipstick handle may be hot; it could burn you. Use a towel or glove to touch the dipstick handle.

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2. Pull out the dipstick and wipe it

with a clean paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.

When to Add Engine Oil

If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, add 1 L (1 qt) of the recommended oil and then recheck the level. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section for an explanation of what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications 0 307.

Caution

Do not add too much oil. Oil levels above or below the acceptable operating range shown on the dipstick are harmful to the engine. If you find that you have an oil level above the operating range, i.e., the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged. You should drain out the excess oil or limit driving of the vehicle and seek a service professional to remove the excess amount of oil.

See Engine Compartment Overview 0 216 for the location of the engine oil fill cap. Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when through.

Selecting the Right Engine Oil Selecting the right engine oil depends on both the proper oil specification and viscosity grade. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 303.

Specification Ask for and use engine oils that meet the dexos1™ specification. Engine oils that have been approved by GM as meeting the dexos1 specification are marked with the dexos1 approved logo. See www.gmdexos.com.

Caution

Failure to use the recommended engine oil can result in engine damage not covered by the

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Caution (Continued)

vehicle warranty. Check with your dealer or service provider on whether the oil is approved to the dexos1 specification.

Viscosity Grade Use SAE 5W-30 viscosity grade engine oil. Cold Temperature Operation: In an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −29 °C (−20 °F), an SAE 0W-30 oil may be used. An oil of this viscosity grade will provide easier cold starting for the engine at extremely low temperatures. When selecting an oil of the appropriate viscosity grade, always select an oil of the correct specification. See “Specification” earlier in this section for more information.

Engine Oil Additives/Engine Oil Flushes Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils meeting the dexos1 specification are all that is needed for good performance and engine protection. Engine oil system flushes are not recommended and could cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer's warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the

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trash or pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.

Engine Oil Life System

When to Change Engine Oil This vehicle has a computer system that indicates when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on a combination of factors which include engine revolutions, engine temperature, and miles driven. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. A CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message comes on. See Engine Oil Messages 0 113. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 1 000 km (600 mi). It is possible that, if driving under the best conditions, the oil life

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system might indicate that an oil change is not necessary for up to a year. The engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and, at this time, the system must be reset. Your dealer has trained service people who will perform this work and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly over the course of an oil drain interval and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 5 000 km (3,000 mi) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed. How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System Reset the system whenever the engine oil is changed so that the system can calculate the next engine oil change. To reset the system: 1. Turn the ignition key to ON/

RUN with the engine off.

2. Fully press and release the

accelerator pedal slowly three times within five seconds.

3. Turn the key to LOCK/OFF. If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message comes back on when the vehicle is started, the engine oil life system has not reset. Repeat the procedure.

Automatic Transmission Fluid

When to Check and Change Automatic Transmission Fluid It is usually not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. The only reason for fluid loss is a transmission leak or overheated transmission. If a small leak is suspected, use the following procedures to check the fluid level. However, if there is a large leak, it may be necessary to have the vehicle towed to a dealer and have it repaired before driving the vehicle further.

Change the fluid and filter at the intervals listed in Maintenance Schedule 0 295, and be sure to use the transmission fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 303. How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid Because this operation can be difficult, it is recommended to have this check done at your dealer, which can monitor the transmission temperature. The transmission fluid level increases with temperature. To obtain a highly accurate fluid level check, the transmission temperature must be measured. If it is decided to check the fluid level, be sure to follow all the instructions here, or a false reading on the dipstick may occur.

Caution

Too much or too little fluid can damage the transmission. Too much can mean that some of the

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fluid could come out and fall on hot engine parts or exhaust system parts, starting a fire. Too little fluid could cause the transmission to overheat. Be sure to get an accurate reading if checking the transmission fluid.

Wait at least 30 minutes with the engine off, before checking the transmission fluid level if the vehicle has been driven:

In hot weather, when outside temperatures are above 32 °C (90 °F).

. The vehicle is heavily loaded. . At high speed for quite a while in

hot weather. In heavy traffic and hot weather.

. While pulling a trailer. After driving under these conditions, a hot check can be performed. The fluid should be hot, which is 71 °C to 93 °C (160 °F to 200 °F).

A cold fluid level check can be performed after the vehicle has been sitting for eight hours or more with the engine off, but this is used only as a reference. Let the engine run at idle for five minutes if the outside temperature is between 15 ° C to 32 °C (60 °F to 90 °F). Should the fluid level be low during this cold check, the fluid must be checked warm or hot before adding fluid. If the outside temperature is colder than 15 °C (60 °F) or hotter than 32 ° C (90 °F), a cold check cannot be performed. A warm fluid level check can be performed by driving the vehicle under lightly loaded conditions and outside temperatures between 10 °C to 27 °C (50 °F to 80 °F). The vehicle should be driven for at least 24 km (15 mi) before performing a warm check. Checking the fluid warm or hot will give a more accurate reading of the fluid level than a cold check. Because the vehicle is equipped with a high-efficiency air-to-oil cooler, the transmission fluid temperature may not reach the

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required hot fluid level checking temperature under normal lightly loaded driving vehicle conditions.

Checking the Fluid Level Prepare the vehicle: 1. Park the vehicle on a level

place. Keep the engine running.

2. With the parking brake applied, place the shift lever in P (Park). 3. With a foot on the brake pedal,

move the shift lever through each gear range, pausing for about three seconds in each range. When M is reached, move the selector from M1
through M3. Then, position the shift lever in P (Park).

4. Let the engine run at idle for

two minutes or more.

Then, without shutting off the engine, use the steps that follow.

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The transmission dipstick is near the center of the engine compartment and will be labeled with the graphic shown. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 216 for more information on location.

1. COLD Range 2. WARM Range 3. HOT Range

1. Flip the handle up, pull out the

dipstick, and wipe it with a clean rag or paper towel.

2. Push it back in all the way, wait three seconds, and pull it back out again.

3. Check both sides of the

dipstick, and read the lower level. The fluid level must be in the COLD (1) range for a cold check, transmission temperature 27 °C to 32 °C (80 °F to 90 °F); between the COLD (1) and HOT (3) range for a WARM (2) check, 50 °C to 60 °C (122 °F to 140 °F); or in the HOT (3) cross-hatched range for a hot check, 71 °C to 93 °C (160 °F to 200 °F). Be sure to keep the dipstick pointed down to get an accurate reading. If the fluid level is in the acceptable range, push the dipstick back in all the way; then flip the handle down to lock the dipstick in place.

4.

How to Add Automatic Transmission Fluid Refer to Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 303 to determine what kind of transmission fluid to use.

1. WARM Range 2. HOT Range

Using a funnel, add fluid down the transmission dipstick tube only after checking the transmission fluid while it is warm or hot. A cold check is used only as a reference. If the fluid level is low, add only enough of the proper fluid to bring the level up to the middle of the WARM (1) or HOT (2) range depending on the ambient temperature and prior driving conditions. Refer to “How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid” earlier in this section for instructions on driving to achieve warm or hot transmission fluid. It does not take much fluid, generally less than 0.5 L (1 pt). Do not overfill.

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Caution

Use of the incorrect automatic transmission fluid may damage the vehicle, and the damage may not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use the automatic transmission fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 303.

. After adding fluid, recheck the fluid level as described under “How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid,” earlier in this section.

. When the correct fluid level is

obtained, push the dipstick back in all the way; then flip the handle down to lock the dipstick in place.

Engine Air Cleaner/Filter

The engine air cleaner/filter is near the center of the engine compartment. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 216. When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter For intervals on changing and inspecting the engine air filter, see Maintenance Schedule 0 295.

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How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Do not start the engine or have the engine running with the engine air cleaner/filter housing open. Before removing the engine air cleaner/ filter, make sure that the engine air cleaner/filter housing and nearby components are free of dirt and debris. Remove the engine air cleaner/filter. Lightly tap and shake the engine air cleaner/filter (away from the vehicle), to release loose dust and dirt. Inspect the engine air cleaner/filter for damage, and replace if damaged. Do not clean the engine air cleaner/filter or components with water or compressed air. To inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter: 1. Unhook the retainer clips and

remove the cover.

2. Lift the filter out of the engine air cleaner/filter housing. Care should be taken to dislodge as little dirt as possible.

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3. Clean the engine air cleaner/

4.

filter housing. Inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter. Make sure that the filter fits properly into the housing.

5. Reinstall the cover and fasten

the retaining clips.

{ Warning

Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. Use caution when working on the engine and do not drive with the air cleaner/filter off.

Caution

If the air cleaner/filter is off, dirt can easily get into the engine, which could damage it. Always have the air cleaner/filter in place when you are driving.

Cooling System The cooling system allows the engine to maintain the correct working temperature.

1. Radiator Pressure Cap 2. Coolant Recovery Tank 3. Engine Cooling Fan (Out

of View)

{ Warning

Warning (Continued)

keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any engine cooling fan.

{ Warning

Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.

Caution

An electric engine cooling fan can start even when the engine is not running. To avoid injury, always

Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core,

(Continued)

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Caution (Continued)

or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.

Engine Coolant The cooling system in the vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL® engine coolant. This coolant is designed to remain in the vehicle for 5 years or 240 000 km (150,000 mi), whichever occurs first. The following explains the cooling system and how to check and add coolant when it is low. If there is a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating 0 228.

What to Use

{ Warning

Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.

Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. If using this mixture, nothing else needs to be added. This mixture: . Gives freezing protection down

to −37 °C (−34 °F), outside temperature.

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. Gives boiling protection up to

129 °C (265 °F), engine temperature.

. Protects against rust and

corrosion.

. Will not damage aluminum parts. . Helps keep the proper engine

temperature.

Caution

If improper coolant mixture, inhibitors, or additives are used in the vehicle cooling system, the engine could overheat and be damaged. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack engine cooling parts. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Use only the proper mixture of engine coolant for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 303.

Never dispose of engine coolant by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, or into sewers, streams,

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or bodies of water. Have the coolant changed by an authorized service center, familiar with legal requirements regarding used coolant disposal. This will help protect the environment and your health. Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. Check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant recovery tank. If the coolant inside the coolant recovery tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the COLD FILL mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant recovery tank, but be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done.

Caution

This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged.

If coolant is needed, add the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture at the coolant recovery tank. How to Add Coolant to the Radiator

{ Warning

Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and surge tank pressure cap to cool.

The coolant recovery tank cap has this symbol on it. When the engine is cold, the coolant level should be at or above the COLD FILL mark. If it is not, there could be a leak in the cooling system. If the coolant is low, add the coolant or take the vehicle to a dealer for service. How to Add Coolant to the Recovery Tank for Gasoline Engines

{ Warning

You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.

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If coolant is needed, add the proper mixture directly to the radiator, but be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done.

1. Remove the radiator pressure cap when the cooling system, including the radiator pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise until it first stops. Do not press down while turning the pressure cap. If a hiss is heard, wait for that to stop. A hiss means there is still some pressure left.

2. Keep turning the pressure cap, but now push down as you turn it. Remove the pressure cap.

3. Fill the radiator with the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture, up to the base of the filler neck. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 303 for more information about the proper coolant mixture.

4. Fill the coolant recovery tank to

the COLD FILL mark.

5. Reinstall the cap back on the

coolant recovery tank, but leave the radiator pressure cap off.

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Then check to see if the engine cooling fans are running. If the engine is overheating, the fan should be running. If it is not, do not continue to run the engine and have the vehicle serviced. See if the engine cooling fan speed increases when idle speed is doubled by pushing the accelerator pedal down. If it does not, the vehicle needs service. Turn off the engine.

Caution

Running the engine without coolant may cause damage or a fire. Vehicle damage would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

Caution

If the pressure cap is not tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured.

Engine Overheating If the vehicle has a diesel engine, see the Duramax diesel supplement. The vehicle has an indicator to warn of engine overheating. There is an engine coolant temperature gauge on the vehicle's instrument cluster. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge 0 97. If the decision is made not to lift the hood when this warning appears, but instead get service help right away, see Roadside Assistance Program 0 315. If the decision is made to lift the hood, make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface.

6. Start the engine and let it run until the upper radiator hose can be felt getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fan. 7. By this time, the coolant level inside the radiator filler neck may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture through the filler neck until the level reaches the base of the filler neck.

8. Replace the pressure cap. At

any time during this procedure if coolant begins to flow out of the filler neck, reinstall the pressure cap.

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If Steam is Coming from the Engine Compartment { Warning

Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop the engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.

If No Steam is Coming from the Engine Compartment If an engine overheat warning is displayed but no steam can be seen or heard, the problem may not be

too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day. . Stops after high-speed driving. Idles for long periods in traffic. . Tows a trailer. See “Driving on Grades” under Trailer Towing 0 204.

If the overheat warning is displayed with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air off. 2. Turn the heater on to the

highest temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary.

3. When it is safe to do so, pull off

the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) and let the engine idle.

If the engine coolant temperature gauge is no longer in the overheat zone or an overheat warning no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slowly for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the

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vehicle in front. If the warning does not come back on, continue to drive normally and have the cooling system checked for proper fill and function. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away. If there is still no sign of steam, push down the accelerator until the engine speed is about twice as fast as normal idle speed for at least three minutes while parked. If the warning is still on, turn off the engine until it cools down. If the decision is made not to lift the hood, get service help right away.

Engine Fan The vehicle has a clutched engine cooling fan. When the clutch is engaged, the fan spins faster to provide more air to cool the engine. In most everyday driving conditions, the fan is spinning slower and the clutch is not fully engaged. This improves fuel economy and reduces fan noise. Under heavy vehicle loading, trailer towing, and/or high

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outside temperatures, the fan speed increases as the clutch more fully engages, so an increase in fan noise may be heard. This is normal and should not be mistaken as the transmission slipping or making extra shifts. It is merely the cooling system functioning properly. The fan will slow down when additional cooling is not required and the clutch partially disengages. This fan noise may be heard when starting the engine. It will go away as the fan clutch partially disengages.

Power Steering Fluid

The power steering fluid reservoir is in the engine compartment on the driver side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 216 for reservoir location.

When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to regularly check power steering fluid unless there is a leak suspected in the system or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired. How to Check Power Steering