2016 Chevrolet Cruze Owners Manual

See Engine Oil 0 227

ii

Washer Fluid

What to Use When windshield washer fluid is needed, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. If operating the vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall

Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 224
reservoir location.

for

ii

Caution

. Do not use washer fluid that

contains any type of water repellent coating. This can cause the wiper blades to chatter or skip.

(Continued)

Caution (Continued)

. Do not use engine coolant

(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.

. Do not mix water with

ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.

. When using concentrated

washer fluid, follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water.

. Fill the washer fluid tank

only three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.

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Brakes Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.

{ Warning

The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.

Caution

Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.

Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications in Capacities and Specifications 0 321
If the vehicle has rear drum brakes, they do not have wear indicators, but if a rear brake rubbing noise is heard, have the rear brake linings inspected immediately. Rear brake drums should be removed and inspected each time the tires are removed for rotation or changing. Drum brakes have an inspection hole to inspect lining wear during scheduled maintenance. When the front brake pads are replaced, have the rear brakes inspected, too. Brake linings should always be replaced as complete axle sets.

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Vehicle Care

239

Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service may be required. Replacing Brake System Parts Always replace brake system parts with new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes may not work properly. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed or parts are improperly installed.

Brake Fluid

The brake/clutch master cylinder reservoir is filled with GM approved DOT 3 brake fluid as indicated on

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Vehicle Care

the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 224
the location of the reservoir.

ii

for

Checking Brake Fluid With the vehicle in P (Park) on a level surface, the brake fluid level should be between the minimum and maximum marks on the brake fluid reservoir. There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir may go down: . Normal brake lining wear. When

new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.

. A fluid leak in the brake/clutch

hydraulic system. Have the brake/clutch hydraulic system fixed. With a leak, the brakes will not work well.

Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. Do not top off the brake/clutch fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid

when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake/clutch hydraulic system.

{ Warning

If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake/clutch hydraulic system.

When the brake/clutch fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light 0 106
Brake fluid absorbs water over time which degrades the effectiveness of the brake fluid. Replace brake fluid at the specified intervals to prevent increased stopping distance. See Maintenance Schedule 0 307

ii

ii

What to Add Use only GM approved DOT 3
brake fluid from a clean, sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 317

ii

{ Warning

The wrong or contaminated brake fluid could result in damage to the brake system. This could result in the loss of braking leading to a possible injury. Always use the proper GM approved brake fluid.

Caution

If brake fluid is spilled on the vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Immediately wash off any painted surface.

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Battery - North America The original equipment battery is maintenance free. Do not remove the cap and do not add fluid. Refer to the replacement number on the original battery label when a new battery is needed.

{ Warning WARNING: Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. WASH HANDS AFTER HANDLING. See California Proposition 65 Warning 0 220

ii

Vehicle Storage

{ Warning

Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting - for tips on North America 0 290
working around a battery without getting hurt.

ii

Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.

Vehicle Care

241

Starter Switch Check

{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle.

2. Apply both the parking brake

and the regular brake. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.

3. For automatic transmission

vehicles, try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service.

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Vehicle Care

For manual transmission vehicles, put the shift lever in Neutral, push the clutch pedal down halfway, and try to start the engine. The vehicle should start only when the clutch pedal is pushed down all the way to the floor. If the vehicle starts when the clutch pedal is not pushed all the way down, contact your dealer for service.

Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check

{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.

2. Apply the parking brake. Be

ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.

3. With the engine off, turn the

ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.

Ignition Transmission Lock Check If equipped with a key type ignition, while parked and with the parking brake set, try to turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF in each shift lever position. . The ignition should turn to

LOCK/OFF only when the shift lever is in P (Park).

. The ignition key should come

out only in LOCK/OFF.

Contact your dealer if service is required.

Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { Warning

When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.

Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake. . To check the parking brake's

holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only.

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Caution (Continued)

occurs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Do not allow the wiper arm to touch the windshield.

To replace the windshield wiper blade: 1. Pull the wiper assembly (1) away from the windshield.

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243

4. Remove the wiper blade.

Allowing the wiper blade arm to touch the windshield when no wiper blade is installed could damage the windshield. Any damage that occurs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Do not allow the wiper blade to touch the windshield.

5. Reverse Steps 1–3 for wiper

blade replacement.

. To check the P (Park)

mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.

Contact your dealer if service is required.

Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear or cracking. See Maintenance Schedule 0 307
more information. Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. For proper windshield wiper blade length and type, see Maintenance Replacement Parts 0 318

for

ii

ii

Caution

Allowing the wiper arm to touch the windshield when no wiper blade is installed could damage the windshield. Any damage that

(Continued)

2. Lift up on the plastic latch (2) in

the middle of the wiper blade where the wiper arm attaches.

3. With the latch open, pull the wiper blade (3) down toward the windshield far enough to release it from the J-hooked end of the wiper arm.

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Vehicle Care

Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset and should need no further adjustment. If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. If adjustment to the headlamps is necessary, see your dealer.

Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs 0 249
For any bulb-changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer.

ii

Halogen Bulbs

{ Warning

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.

Headlamps, Front Turn Signal and Parking Lamps

1. Parking/Turn Signal Lamp 2. High-Beam Headlamp/ Low-Beam Headlamp and DRL

High-Beam Headlamp/ Low-Beam Headlamp and DRL 1. Open the hood. See Hood

0 222

ii

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245

2. For the driver side bulb,

remove the windshield washer bottle filler neck by firmly pulling it straight up and out of the bottle.

3. Remove the connector

retaining tab (1).

4. Disconnect the wiring harness connector from the bulb (3) by pressing the connector release (2) and pulling straight back.

5. Remove the bulb (3) from the

headlamp assembly by turning counterclockwise and pulling straight back.

6.

7.

8.

Install the new bulb in the headlamp assembly by turning clockwise. Install the wiring harness connector to the bulb. Be sure the connector release (2) locks into place. Install the connector retaining tab (1).

9. For the driver side, reinstall the

windshield washer bottle filler neck by firmly pushing it straight into the bottle. Ensure that the filler neck clip engages into the underhood electrical center retainer.

Parking/Turn Signal Lamp 1. Open the hood. See Hood

0 222

ii

2. For the driver side bulb,

remove the windshield washer bottle filler neck by firmly pulling it straight up and out of the bottle.

3. Remove the parking/turn signal

lamp bulb socket from the headlamp assembly by turning counterclockwise.

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Vehicle Care

4. Remove the bulb from the bulb

5.

6.

socket. Install the new bulb in the bulb socket. Install the bulb socket into the headlamp assembly by turning clockwise.

7. For the driver side, reinstall the

windshield washer bottle filler neck by firmly pushing it straight into the bottle. Ensure that the filler neck clip engages into the underhood electrical center retainer.

Taillamps, Turn Signal, Sidemarker, Stoplamps, and Back-Up Lamps

2. Remove the trunk deck trim

cover (1).

3. Remove the bulb socket (2) by

turning counterclockwise and pulling straight out.

Trunk Deck Inboard Taillamps 1. Open the trunk.

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247

4. Remove the bulb from the

5.

6.

7.

socket. Install the new bulb in the bulb socket. Install the bulb socket by turning clockwise. Install the trunk deck trim cover.

1. Sidemarker Lamp 2. Turn Signal Lamp 3. Stoplamp/Taillamp 4. Back-up Lamp

To replace any one of these bulbs:

Stoplamp/Taillamp, Turn Signal, Back-up, and Rear Sidemarker Lamp 1. Open the trunk.

2. Open the two screw covers.

3. Remove the two screws that secure the taillamp assembly.

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Vehicle Care

License Plate Lamp To replace the license plate lamp bulb:

4. Remove the taillamp assembly

by pulling it straight back.

5. Remove the bulb socket from

7.

6.

the taillamp assembly by turning it counterclockwise. Install a new bulb into the bulb socket. Install the bulb socket into the taillamp assembly by turning it clockwise. Install the taillamp assembly and tighten the two screws. 9. Close the two screw covers.

8.

1. Remove the two screws from

the license plate lamp assembly.

2. Turn and pull the license plate

lamp assembly down.

3. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise and pull straight out of the lamp assembly.

4. Remove the bulb by pulling it

straight out of the socket.

5. Push the new bulb into the

6.

socket. Install the bulb socket by turning clockwise into the license plate lamp assembly.

7. Replace the license plate lamp assembly and tightien the two screws to secure.

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Replacement Bulbs

Electrical System

Exterior Lamp

Back-Up Lamp Front and Rear Sidemarker Front Parking/Turn Signal Lamp High‐Beam/Low‐ Bean and DRL Headlamp License Plate Lamp Rear Turn Signal Lamp Stoplamp/Taillamp

Bulb

Number

921K 194

7444NA

H13LL

W5W LL 7443NA

3057K LCP

For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer.

Electrical System Overload The vehicle has fuses and circuit breakers to protect against an electrical system overload. When the current electrical load is too heavy, the circuit breaker opens and closes, protecting the circuit until the current load returns to normal or the problem is fixed. This greatly reduces the chance of circuit overload and fire caused by electrical problems. Fuses and circuit breakers protect power devices in the vehicle. Replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. If there is a problem on the road and a fuse needs to be replaced, the same amperage fuse can be borrowed. Choose some feature of the vehicle that is not needed to use and replace it as soon as possible.

Vehicle Care

249

Headlamp Wiring An electrical overload may cause the lamps to go on and off, or in some cases to remain off. Have the headlamp wiring checked right away if the lamps go on and off or remain off. Windshield Wipers If the wiper motor overheats due to heavy snow or ice, the windshield wipers will stop until the motor cools and will then restart. Although the circuit is protected from electrical overload, overload due to heavy snow or ice may cause wiper linkage damage. Always clear ice and heavy snow from the windshield before using the windshield wipers. If the overload is caused by an electrical problem and not snow or ice, be sure to get it fixed.

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Vehicle Care

Fuses and Circuit Breakers The wiring circuits in the vehicle are protected from short circuits by a combination of fuses and circuit breakers. This greatly reduces the chance of damage caused by electrical problems. To check a fuse, look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure to replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. Fuses of the same amperage can be temporarily borrowed from another fuse location, if a fuse goes out. Replace the fuse as soon as possible. To identify and check fuses, circuit breakers, and relays, see Engine and Compartment Fuse Block 0 250
Instrument Panel Fuse Block 0 253

ii

ii

Engine Compartment Fuse Block

To remove the fuse block cover, squeeze the clips and swing it up.

Caution

Spilling liquid on any electrical component on the vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component.

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Engine Compartment Fuse Block

The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.

Mini Fuses

Usage Transmission Control Module Engine Control Module Not Used

Mini Fuses

Usage Canister Vent Solenoid Ignition Not Used Fuel Injection Fuel Injection/ Ignition System

Vehicle Care

251

Mini Fuses

10

11
13

14
15
16

17
18
19
20
23
29
30

31

32

Usage Engine Control Module Lambda Sensor Canister Vent Solenoid Air Solenoid Not Used Ignition/Air Quality Sensor/Aero-Shutter Ignition/Airbag Fuel Control Module Not Used Fuel Pump Not Used Not Used Antilock Brake System Body Control Module Body Control Module

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Vehicle Care

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

33
34

35

36
37

38
39
40
46
47
48
49
50
51
52

53

Front Seat Heating Sunroof (If Equipped) Infotainment System/Amplifier Not Used High Beam Right Side High Beam Left Side Not Used Not Used Cooling Fan Lambda Sensor Fog Lights Not Used Not Used Horn Malfunction Indicator Lamp Automatic Dimming Rearview Mirror

54

55
56
57
58
60
61
62
63

64

65
66
67

68
69

70

Light Switch/Light Control Mirror Folding Windshield Washer Not Used Not Used Heated Mirror Heated Mirror Air Conditioning Rear Window Sensor Automatic Occupant Sense Not Used Not Used Fuel System Control Module Not Used Battery Voltage Sensor Not Used

71

Not Used

J-Case Fuses

Usage

12
21

22
24

25

26

27

28

41
42
43

Front Wipers Starter Solenoid Rear Power Windows Not Used Front Power Windows Electronic Vacuum Pump Antilock Brake System Pump Electronic Key System/PEPS Rear Window Defogger Not Used Cooling Fan K2
Not Used

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Usage

HC Relays

Usage

13

Cooling Fan K2
Cooling Fan K1

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253

The instrument panel fuse block is in the driver side of the instrument panel. To access the fuses: 1. Open the fuse block cover by

pulling out at the top.

Mini Relays

Usage

2. Remove the lower edge of the

cover.

3. Remove the cover. To reinstall the cover, reverse the steps above.

15
16
17

Ignition 87 Main Ignition 15
SEC Air Pump Window and Mirror Defogger

Instrument Panel Fuse Block

J-Case Fuses

44
45
59

Micro Relays

10
12
14

Not Used Cooling Fan K1
SEC Air Pump

Usage

A/C Clutch Starter Solenoid Front Wiper Speed Front Wiper On Air Solenoid Cooling Fan K3
Cooling Fan K3
Not Used

U-Micro Relays

Usage

11

Cooling Fan K7
Fuel Pump Not Used

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Vehicle Care

The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.

Fuses

Usage

10

11
12
13

Infotainment System/Hands-free Phone Not Used Body Control Module Infotainment System Information Display/ Parking Assist Cigarette Lighter Power Outlet Body Control Module Body Control Module Body Control Module Interior Fan Not Used Power Seat

Fuses

Usage

14

15
16

17

18
19
20
21
22

23

24

25
26

Diagnostic Connector Airbag Central Locking System/Tailgate Air Conditioning System Not Used Not Used Not Used Instrument Cluster Ignition/Electronic Key System Body Control Module Body Control Module Not Used Not Used

Relays

Usage

Trunk Open

Instrument Panel Fuse Block

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Relays

Usage

Not Used RAP Relay

Wheels and Tires

Tires Every new GM vehicle has high-quality tires made by a leading tire manufacturer. See the warranty manual for information regarding the tire warranty and where to get service. For additional information refer to the tire manufacturer.

{ Warning

. Poorly maintained and

improperly used tires are dangerous.

. Overloading the tires can

cause overheating as a result of too much flexing. There could be a blowout and a serious crash. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 177

ii

(Continued)

Vehicle Care

255

Warning (Continued)

. Underinflated tires pose

the same danger as overloaded tires. The resulting crash could cause serious injury. Check all tires frequently to maintain the recommended pressure. Tire pressure should be checked when the tires are cold.

. Overinflated tires are more likely to be cut, punctured, or broken by a sudden impact — such as when hitting a pothole. Keep tires at the recommended pressure.

. Worn or old tires can cause a crash. If the tread is badly worn, replace them.

(Continued)

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Vehicle Care

Warning (Continued)

. Replace any tires that

have been damaged by impacts with potholes, curbs, etc. Improperly repaired tires can cause a crash. Only the dealer or an authorized tire service center should repair, replace, dismount, and mount the tires.

. Do not spin the tires in

excess of 56 km/h (35 mph) on slippery surfaces such as snow, mud, ice, etc. Excessive spinning may cause the tires to explode.

All-Season Tires This vehicle may come with all-season tires. These tires are designed to provide good overall performance on most road surfaces

and weather conditions. Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. Original equipment all-season tires can be identified by the last two characters of this TPC code, which will be “MS.” Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on snow or ice-covered roads is expected. All-season tires provide adequate performance for most winter driving conditions, but they may not offer the same level of traction or performance as winter tires on snow or ice-covered roads. See Winter Tires 0 256

ii

Winter Tires This vehicle was not originally equipped with winter tires. Winter tires are designed for increased traction on snow and ice-covered roads. Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See your dealer

ii

for details regarding winter tire availability and proper tire selection. Also, see Buying New Tires 0 270
With winter tires, there may be decreased dry road traction, increased road noise, and shorter tread life. After changing to winter tires, be alert for changes in vehicle handling and braking. If using winter tires: . Use tires of the same brand and

tread type on all four wheel positions.

. Use only radial ply tires of the

same size, load range, and speed rating as the original equipment tires.

Winter tires with the same speed rating as the original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, Y, and ZR speed rated tires. If winter tires with a lower speed rating are chosen, never exceed the tire's maximum speed capability.

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Low-Profile Tires If the vehicle has P225/45R18
size tires, they are classified as low-profile tires.

Caution

Low-profile tires are more susceptible to damage from road hazards or curb impact than standard profile tires. Tire and/or wheel assembly damage can occur when coming into contact with road hazards like potholes, or sharp edged objects, or when sliding into a curb. The warranty does not cover this type of damage. Keep tires set to the correct inflation pressure and when possible, avoid contact with curbs, potholes, and other road hazards.

Tire Sidewall Labeling Useful information about a tire is molded into its sidewall. The examples show a typical passenger vehicle tire and a compact spare tire sidewall.

Passenger (P-Metric) Tire Example (1) Tire Size : The tire size is a combination of letters and numbers used to define a particular tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. See the “Tire Size” illustration later in this section.

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257

(2) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification) : Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. (3) DOT (Department of Transportation) : The Department of Transportation (DOT) code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. DOT Tire Date of Manufacture : The last four digits of the TIN indicate the tire manufactured date. The first two digits represent the week (01– 52) and the last two digits, the year. For example, the third

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Vehicle Care

week of the year 2010 would have a four-digit DOT date of 0310. (4) Tire Identification Number (TIN) : The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (5) Tire Ply Material : The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (6) Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) : Tire manufacturers are required to grade tires based on three performance factors: treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. For more information see Uniform Tire Quality Grading 0 271

ii

(7) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit : Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load.

Compact Spare Tire Example (1) Tire Ply Material : The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (2) Temporary Use Only : The compact spare tire or temporary use tire should not be driven at speeds over 80 km/h (50 mph). The compact spare tire is for emergency use when a regular

ii

ii

and If a Tire Goes

road tire has lost air and gone flat. If the vehicle has a compact spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire 0 289
Flat 0 274
(3) Tire Identification Number (TIN) : The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (4) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit : Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load. (5) Tire Inflation : The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 420 kPa (60 psi). For more

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ii

information on tire pressure and inflation see Tire Pressure 0 262
(6) Tire Size : A combination of letters and numbers define a tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. The letter T as the first character in the tire size means the tire is for temporary use only. (7) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification) : Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines.

Tire Designations

Tire Size The following is an example of a typical passenger vehicle tire size.

(1) Passenger (P-Metric) Tire : The United States version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P as the first character in the tire size means a passenger vehicle tire engineered to standards set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (2) Tire Width : The three-digit number indicates the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall.

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(3) Aspect Ratio : A two-digit number that indicates the tire height-to-width measurements. For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 60, as shown in item 3 of the illustration, it would mean that the tire's sidewall is 60 percent as high as it is wide. (4) Construction Code : A letter code is used to indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The letter R means radial ply construction; the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter B means belted-bias ply construction. (5) Rim Diameter : Diameter of the wheel in inches. (6) Service Description : These characters represent the load index and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carrying capacity a tire is certified to carry. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load.

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Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure : The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of the tire. Air pressure is expressed in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch). Accessory Weight : The combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are automatic transmission, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio : The relationship of a tire's height to its width. Belt : A rubber coated layer of cords between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials.

Bead : The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire : A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure : The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch) before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Tire Pressure 0 262
Curb Weight : The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo. DOT Markings : A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S.

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Department of Transportation (DOT) Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production. GVWR : Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 177
GAWR FRT : Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 177
GAWR RR : Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 177
Intended Outboard Sidewall : The side of an asymmetrical tire that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa) : The metric unit for air pressure.

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Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire : A tire used on light duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles. Load Index : An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279
that corresponds to the load carrying capacity of a tire. Maximum Inflation Pressure : The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated. The maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall. Maximum Load Rating : The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight : The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production options weight.

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Normal Occupant Weight : The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb). See Vehicle Load Limits 0 177
Occupant Distribution : Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall : The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire. Passenger (P-Metric) Tire : A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles.

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Recommended Inflation Pressure : Vehicle manufacturer's recommended tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Tire and Vehicle Pressure 0 262
Load Limits 0 177
Radial Ply Tire : A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Rim : A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated. Sidewall : The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating : An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate. Traction : The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided.

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Tread : The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. Treadwear Indicators : Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread of a tire when only 1.6 mm (1/16 in) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires 0 269
UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards) : A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire's traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings are determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform Tire Quality Grading 0 271
Vehicle Capacity Weight : The number of designated seating positions multiplied by

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68 kg (150 lb) plus the rated cargo load. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 177
Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire : Load on an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight. Vehicle Placard : A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the vehicle capacity weight and the original equipment tire size and recommended inflation pressure. See “Tire and Loading Information Label” under Vehicle Load Limits 0 177

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Tire Pressure Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to operate effectively.

Caution

Neither tire underinflation nor overinflation is good. Underinflated tires, or tires that do not have enough air, can result in:

. Tire overloading and

overheating which could lead to a blowout.

. Premature or irregular wear. . Poor handling. . Reduced fuel economy. Overinflated tires, or tires that have too much air, can result in:

. Unusual wear. . Poor handling. . Rough ride. . Needless damage from

road hazards.

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The Tire and Loading Information label on the vehicle indicates the original equipment tires and the correct cold tire inflation pressures. The recommended pressure is the minimum air pressure needed to support the vehicle's maximum load carrying capacity. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 177
How the vehicle is loaded affects vehicle handling and ride comfort. Never load the vehicle with more weight than it was designed to carry.

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When to Check Check the tires once a month or more. Do not forget the compact spare, if the vehicle has one. The cold compact spare tire pressure should be at 420 kPa (60 psi). See Compact Spare Tire 0 289

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How to Check Use a good quality pocket-type gauge to check tire pressure. Proper tire inflation cannot be determined by looking at the tire. Check the tire inflation pressure when the tires are cold, meaning the vehicle has not been driven for at least three hours or no more than 1.6 km (1 mi). Remove the valve cap from the tire valve stem. Press the tire gauge firmly onto the valve to get a pressure measurement. If the cold tire inflation pressure matches the recommended pressure on the Tire and Loading Information label, no further adjustment is necessary. If the inflation pressure is low, add air until the recommended pressure is reached. If the inflation pressure is high, press on the metal stem in the center of the tire valve to release air. Recheck the tire pressure with the tire gauge.

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Put the valve caps back on the valve stems to keep out dirt and moisture and prevent leaks. Use only valve caps designed for the vehicle by GM. TPMS sensors could be damaged and would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

Tire Pressure Monitor System The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses radio and sensor technology to check tire pressure levels. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in your tires and transmit tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle. Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or

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tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire inflation pressure for those tires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pressure telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle's handling and stopping ability. Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driver's responsibility to maintain correct tire pressure, even if under-inflation has

not reached the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating properly. The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists. When the malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system may not be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement or

alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to continue to function properly. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation 0 264
See Radio Frequency Statement 0 333

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Tire Pressure Monitor Operation This vehicle may have a Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS). The TPMS is designed to warn the driver when a low tire pressure condition exists. TPMS sensors are mounted onto each tire and wheel assembly, excluding the spare tire and wheel assembly. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in the tires and transmits the tire pressure readings to a receiver in the vehicle.

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The low tire pressure warning light may come on in cool weather when the vehicle is first started, and then turn off as the vehicle is driven. This could be an early indicator that the air pressure is getting low and needs to be inflated to the proper pressure. A Tire and Loading Information label, attached to your vehicle, shows the size of the original equipment tires and the correct inflation pressure for the tires when they are cold. See Vehicle Load , for an example of the Limits 0 177
Tire and Loading Information label and its location. Also see Tire Pressure 0 262
The TPMS can warn about a low tire pressure condition but it does not replace normal tire maintenance. See Tire Inspection 0 267
Tires 0 255

, Tire Rotation 0 268

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Caution

Tire sealant materials are not all the same. A non-approved tire sealant could damage the TPMS sensors. TPMS sensor damage caused by using an incorrect tire sealant is not covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use only the GM approved tire sealant available through your dealer or included in the vehicle.

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Factory-installed Tire Inflator Kits use a GM approved liquid tire sealant. Using non-approved tire sealants could damage the TPMS sensors. See Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit 0 276
information regarding the inflator kit materials and instructions. TPMS Malfunction Light and Message The TPMS will not function properly if one or more of the TPMS sensors are missing or inoperable. When the system detects a malfunction, the low tire warning light flashes for

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When a low tire pressure condition is detected, the TPMS illuminates the low tire pressure warning light on the instrument cluster. If the warning light comes on, stop as soon as possible and inflate the tires to the recommended pressure shown on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 177
A message to check the pressure in a specific tire displays in the Driver Information Center (DIC). The low tire pressure warning light and the DIC warning message come on at each ignition cycle until the tires are inflated to the correct inflation pressure. Using the DIC, tire pressure levels can be viewed. For additional information and details about the DIC operation and displays see Driver Information Center (DIC) 0 112

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