Warning (Continued)
Caution
hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.
Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. If using this mixture, nothing else needs to be added. This mixture: . Gives freezing protection down
to −37 °C (−34 °F), outside temperature.
. Gives boiling protection up to
129 °C (265 °F), engine temperature.
. Protects against rust and
corrosion.
. Will not damage aluminum parts. . Helps keep the proper engine
temperature.
If improper coolant mixture, inhibitors, or additives are used in the vehicle cooling system, the engine could overheat and be damaged. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack engine cooling parts. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Use only the proper mixture of engine coolant for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 339.
Never dispose of engine coolant by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, or pouring into sewers, streams, or bodies of water. Have the coolant changed by an authorized service center, familiar with legal requirements regarding used coolant disposal. This will help protect the environment and your health.
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Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. The engine coolant surge tank and CAC bottle are in the engine compartment on the driver side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 246. Check to see if coolant is visible in the surge tank and CAC bottle. If the coolant inside the surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the mark pointed to on the surge tank or at the CAC bottle COLD FILL mark, add a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. Be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done. If no coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank or CAC bottle, add coolant as follows:
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How to Add Coolant to the Surge Tank
{ Warning
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.
Caution
This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged.
{ Warning
Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. Never turn
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
the cap when the cooling system, including the surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and surge tank pressure cap to cool.
The coolant surge tank pressure cap can be removed when the cooling system, including the surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. 1. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise. If a hiss is heard, wait for that to stop. A hiss means there is still some pressure left.
2. Keep turning the pressure cap
slowly and remove it.
3. Fill the coolant surge tank with the proper mixture to the mark pointed to on the front of the coolant surge tank.
4. With the coolant surge tank
pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fans. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper mixture to the coolant surge tank until the level reaches the mark pointed to on the front of the coolant surge tank.
5. Replace the pressure cap
tightly.
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How to Add Coolant to the CAC Bottle
{ Warning
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.
Caution
This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged.
The CAC bottle pressure cap can be removed when the Charged Air Coolant cooling system, including the CAC bottle pressure cap, is no longer hot. 1. Turn the pressure cap slowly
counterclockwise and remove it.
2. Fill the CAC bottle with the proper mixture to the COLD FILL mark pointed to on the front of the CAC bottle.
3. Replace the pressure cap
tightly.
Engine Overheating The vehicle has an engine coolant temperature gauge and an engine temperature light to warn of engine overheating. There are also engine hot messages that may be displayed in the Driver Information Center (DIC). See Engine Cooling System Messages 0 142.
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If the decision is made not to lift the hood when one of these warnings appears, but get service help right away. See Roadside Service 0 348. If the decision is made to lift the hood, make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface. Then check to see if the engine cooling fans are running. If the engine is overheating, the fans should be running. If they are not, do not continue to run the engine and have the vehicle serviced.
Caution
Running the engine without
coolant may cause damage or a
fire. Vehicle damage would not be
covered by the vehicle warranty.
See Overheated Engine
Protection Operating Mode 0 260
for information on driving to a
safe place in an emergency.
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If Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment { Warning
Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop the engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.
If No Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment If an engine overheat warning is displayed but no steam can be seen or heard, the problem may not be
too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day. . Stops after high-speed driving. Idles for long periods in traffic. . Tows a trailer. If the overheat warning is displayed with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air conditioning off. 2. Turn the heater on to the
highest temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary.
3. When it is safe to do so, pull off
the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral), and let the engine idle.
If the temperature overheat gauge is no longer in the overheat zone or an overheat warning no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slow for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the car in front of you. If the warning does not come
back on, continue to drive normally and have the cooling system checked for proper fill and function. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away. If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down. Also, see “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” next in this section.
Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode This emergency operating mode allows the vehicle to be driven to a safe place in an emergency situation. If an overheated engine condition exists, an overheat protection mode, which alternates firing groups of cylinders, helps prevent engine damage. In this mode, there is significant loss in power and engine performance.
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The engine coolant temperature warning light comes on in the instrument cluster, to indicate the vehicle has entered overheated engine protection operating mode. The temperature gauge also indicates an overheat condition exists. Driving extended distances and/or towing a trailer in the overheat protection mode should be avoided.
Power Steering Fluid (LFX with FWD) The vehicle has electric power steering and does not use power steering fluid.
Power Steering Fluid (LF3 and LFX with AWD)
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4. Wipe the dipstick with a
clean rag.
5. Replace the cap and completely tighten it.
6. Remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick.
The fluid level should be between MIN and MAX on the dipstick. What to Use To determine what kind of fluid to use, see Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 339. Always use the proper fluid.
The power steering fluid reservoir is under the engine cover on the passenger side toward the rear of the engine compartment. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 246. When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to regularly check power steering fluid unless you suspect there is a leak in the system or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired. How to Check Power Steering Fluid Check the level when the engine is cool. To check the power steering fluid: 1. Remove the engine cover.
Refer to Engine Cover 0 249.
2. Wipe the cap and the top of the
reservoir clean.
3. Turn the cap counterclockwise
and pull it straight up.
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Washer Fluid
What to Use When adding windshield washer fluid to the vehicle, be sure to read the manufacturer instructions before use. If you will be operating your vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing. Adding Washer Fluid The appropriate message will appear on the Driver Information Center (DIC) when the fluid level is low. See Washer Fluid Messages 0 150.
Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 246 for reservoir location.
Caution
Caution (Continued)
. Do not use washer fluid that
contains any type of water repellent coating. This can cause the wiper blades to chatter or skip.
. Do not use engine coolant
(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.
. Do not mix water with
ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.
. When using concentrated
washer fluid, follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water.
. Fill the washer fluid tank
only three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if
(Continued)
freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.
Brakes Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time when the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.
{ Warning
The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.
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Caution
Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.
Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications. See Capacities and Specifications 0 343. Brake pads should be replaced as complete sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service may be required.
Replacing Brake System Parts Always replace brake system parts with new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes may not work properly. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed or parts are improperly installed.
Brake Fluid
The brake master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 246 for the location of the reservoir.
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There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir may go down: . Normal brake lining wear. When
new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up. . A fluid leak in the brake
hydraulic system. Have the brake hydraulic system fixed. With a leak, the brakes will not work well.
Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. Do not top off the brake fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.
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{ Warning
{ Warning
If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.
When the brake fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light 0 126. Brake fluid absorbs water over time. Replace brake fluid at the specified intervals to prevent increased stopping distance. See Maintenance Schedule 0 330.
What to Add
Use only GM approved DOT 3
brake fluid from a clean, sealed
container. See Recommended
Fluids and Lubricants 0 339.
The wrong or contaminated brake fluid could result in damage to the brake system. This could result in the loss of braking leading to a possible injury. Always use the proper brake fluid.
Caution
If brake fluid is spilled on the vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Immediately wash off any painted surface.
Battery - North America The original equipment battery is maintenance free. Do not remove the cap and do not add fluid. Refer to the replacement number shown on the original battery label when a new battery is needed. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 246 for battery location.
{ Warning WARNING: Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. WASH HANDS AFTER HANDLING. See California Proposition 65 Warning 0 243.
Vehicle Storage
{ Warning
Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting - North America 0 313 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.
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1. Before starting this check, be
sure there is enough room around the vehicle.
2. Firmly apply both the parking brake and the regular brake. See Electric Parking Brake 0 201. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.
3. Try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service.
Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.
All-Wheel Drive
Transfer Case Under normal driving conditions, transfer case fluid does not require maintenance unless there is a fluid leak or unusual noise. If required, have the transfer case serviced by your dealer.
Starter Switch Check
{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.
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Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check
{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.
1. Before starting this check, be
sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.
2. Firmly apply the parking brake.
See Electric Parking Brake 0 201. Be ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.
3. With the engine off, turn the
ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with
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normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.
pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only.
Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { Warning
When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.
Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake. . To check the parking brake's
holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot
. To check the P (Park)
mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.
Contact your dealer if service is required.
Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear or cracking. It is a good idea to clean the wiper blade assembly on a regular basis. When worn, or when cleaning is ineffective, replace the wiper blade. For proper windshield wiper blade length and type, see Maintenance Replacement Parts 0 340.
Caution
Allowing the wiper arm to touch the windshield when no wiper blade is installed could damage the windshield. Any damage that occurs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Do not allow the wiper arm to touch the windshield.
To replace the wiper blade: 1. Pull the wiper assembly away
from the windshield.
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Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset and should need no further adjustment. If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. If adjustment to the headlamps is necessary, see your dealer.
Driver Assistance Systems When a windshield replacement is needed and the vehicle is equipped with a front-looking camera sensor for the Driver Assistance Systems, the windshield must be installed according to GM specifications for these systems to work properly. If it is not, there may be unexpected behavior and/or messages from these systems. See Object Detection System Messages 0 145.
2. Lift up on the latch in the middle of the wiper blade where the wiper arm attaches.
3. With the latch open, pull the wiper blade down toward the windshield far enough to release it from the J-hooked end of the wiper arm.
4. Remove the wiper blade. 5. Reverse Steps 1–3 for wiper
blade replacement.
Windshield Replacement
HUD System The windshield is part of the HUD system. If the windshield must be replaced, get one that is designed for HUD or the HUD image may look out of focus.
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Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs 0 269. For any bulb-changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer.
High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting
{ Warning
The high intensity discharge lighting system operates at a very high voltage. If you try to service any of the system components, you could be seriously injured. Have your dealer or a qualified technician service them.
After an HID headlamp bulb has been replaced, the beam might be a slightly different shade than it was originally. This is normal.
LED Lighting This vehicle has several LED lamps. For replacement of any LED lighting assembly, contact your dealer.
Back-Up Lamps
To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Reach under the rear fascia and locate the back-up lamp assembly.
2. Remove the bulb socket (1) by
turning counterclockwise and pulling straight out of the lamp assembly (2).
3. Pull the bulb out of the socket. Install the new bulb in the bulb 4. socket. Install the bulb socket by turning clockwise.
5.
1. Back-Up Bulb Socket 2. Back-Up Lamp Assembly
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Replacement Bulbs
Exterior Lamp
Back-Up Lamp
License Plate Lamp
Bulb
Number
921
(W16W) W5W LL
For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer.
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2. Bulb 3. Lamp Assembly
To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Push the lamp assembly (3)
toward the right.
2. Pull the lamp assembly down
to remove.
3. Turn the bulb socket (1)
counterclockwise to remove it from the lamp assembly (3).
4. Pull the bulb (2) straight out of
the bulb socket (1).
5. Push the replacement bulb straight into the bulb socket and turn the bulb socket clockwise to install it into the lamp assembly.
6. Push the lamp assembly back
into position until the release tab locks into place.
License Plate Lamp
Lamp Assembly
Bulb Assembly
1. Bulb Socket
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Electrical System
Electrical System Overload The vehicle has fuses and circuit breakers to protect against an electrical system overload. When the current electrical load is too heavy, the circuit breaker opens and closes, protecting the circuit until the current load returns to normal or the problem is fixed. This greatly reduces the chance of circuit overload and fire caused by electrical problems. Fuses and circuit breakers protect power devices in the vehicle. Replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. If there is a problem on the road and a fuse needs to be replaced, the same amperage fuse can be borrowed. Choose some feature of the vehicle that is not needed to use and replace it as soon as possible.
Headlamp Wiring An electrical overload may cause the lamps to go on and off, or in some cases to remain off. Have the headlamp wiring checked right away if the lamps go on and off or remain off. Windshield Wipers If the wiper motor overheats due to heavy snow or ice, the windshield wipers will stop until the motor cools and will then restart. Although the circuit is protected from electrical overload, overload due to heavy snow or ice may cause wiper linkage damage. Always clear ice and heavy snow from the windshield before using the windshield wipers. If the overload is caused by an electrical problem and not snow or ice, be sure to get it fixed.
Fuses and Circuit Breakers The wiring circuits in the vehicle are protected from short circuits by a combination of fuses and circuit breakers. This greatly reduces the chance of damage caused by electrical problems. To check a fuse, look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure to replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. Fuses of the same amperage can be temporarily borrowed from another fuse location, if a fuse goes out. Replace the fuse as soon as possible. To identify and check fuses, circuit breakers, and relays, see Engine Compartment Fuse Block 0 271, Instrument Panel Fuse Block 0 274, and Rear Compartment Fuse Block 0 275.
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Engine Compartment Fuse Block
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To remove the fuse block cover, squeeze the three retaining clips on the cover and lift it straight up.
Caution
Spilling liquid on any electrical component on the vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component.
The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.
J-Case Fuses
12
21
Usage
Wiper Starter Rear Power Windows
J-Case Fuses
Usage
22
24
25
26
Sunroof Front Power Windows Retained Accessory Power Antilock Brake System Pump
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J-Case Fuses
27
28
41
42
44
45
Mini Fuses
Usage
Mini Fuses
Usage
Mini Fuses
Usage
Electric Parking
Brake
Rear Window
Defogger
Brake Vacuum
Assist Pump
Cooling Fan K2
Headlamp Washer
Cooling Fan K1
Usage Transmission Control Module – Battery Engine Control Module Battery Air Conditioning Compressor Clutch Not Used Engine Control Module Run/Crank
10
11
13
14
15
Ignition Coils – Even (6–Cylinder Engine) Ignition Coils – Odd (6–Cylinder Engine) Engine Control Module – Switched Battery (from Engine Control Module Relay) 6–Cylinder Engine: Post Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Heater, Mass Air Flow Sensor, Flex Fuel Sensor Run/Crank for Transmission Control Module and Chassis Control Module Right Rear Heated Seat Left Rear Heated Seat
16
17
18
20
23
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
37
Not Used
Body Run/Crank
Autonet Run/Crank
(Aftermarket)
Not Used
Variable Effort
Steering
Passive Entry/
Passive Start
Module – Battery
All-Wheel Drive
Module
Left Front
Heated Seat
Body Control
Module 6
Right Front
Heated Seat
Antilock Brake
System Valves
Amplifier
Right High Beam
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Mini Fuses
Usage
Mini Fuses
Usage
Mini Relays
38
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
Left High Beam Cooling Fan Relay 6–Cylinder Engine: Pre Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Heater, Canister Purge Solenoid Coolant Pump Right High Intensity Discharge Headlamp Left High Intensity Discharge Headlamp Horn Cluster Run/Crank Run/Crank for Inside Rearview Mirror, Rear Vision Camera Run/Crank for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning
55
56
57
60
62
64
66
67
69
70
71
Outside Rearview Mirror, Front Window Switches Windshield Washer Steering Column Lock Heated Mirror Massage Memory Bolster Adaptive Forward Lighting (AFL) Module – Battery Trunk Release Chassis Control Module Regulated Voltage Control Sensor Vent Canister Solenoid Memory Module
13
15
17
Micro Relays
10
11
14
Usage Engine Control Module Cooling Fan Cooling Fan Run/Crank Rear Window Defogger
Usage
Air Conditioning Compressor Clutch Starter Wiper Speed Wiper Control Not Used Cooling Fan Headlamp Washer Headlamp Low Beam
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Instrument Panel Fuse Block
The instrument panel fuse block is in the instrument panel, on the driver side of the vehicle. To access the fuses, open the fuse panel door by pulling down at the top. Press in on the sides of the door to release it from the instrument panel. Pull the door toward you to release it from the hinge.
The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.
Fuses
Usage
Wireless Charger
Module
Body Control
Module 7
Body Control
Module 5
Radio
Fuses
Usage
10
11
12
13
Infotainment and
Center Stack
Displays, Head-up
Display, Instrument
Cluster, Rear Seat
Entertainment
Power Outlet 1
Power Outlet 2
Body Control
Module 1
Body Control
Module 4
Body Control
Module 8
(J-Case Fuse)
Front Heater
Ventilation Air
Conditioning/Blower
(J-Case Fuse)
Passenger Seat
(Circuit Breaker)
Driver Seat (Circuit
Breaker)
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Usage
Relays
Usage
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14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Diagnostic Link
Connector
Airbag AOS
Glove Box
Heater Ventilation
Air Conditioning
Controller
Logistics
Electronic Steering
Column Lock
Telematics (OnStar)
Spare
Steering Wheel
Controls/Backlight
Body Control
Module 3
Body Control
Module 2
Power Steering
Column
AC/DC Inverter
R1
R2
R3
Glove Box Logistics Retained Accessory Power/Accessory
Rear Compartment Fuse Block
The rear compartment fuse block is on the left side of the trunk behind a cover.
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The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.
Fuse
Number
F01
F02
F03
Usage
Not Used Spare Not Used
Fuse
Number
Usage
F04
F05
F06
F07
F08
Leveling Compressor Not Used Not Used Not Used Front Courtesy Lamps
Fuse
Number
Usage
F09
F10
F11
F12
F13
F14
F15
F16
F17
F18
F19
F20
F21
F22
F23
Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Video Processing Module Not Used Semi-active Damping System Universal Garage Door Opener/Rain, Light, and Humidity Sensor Shunt Side Blind Zone Not Used All-Wheel Drive
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Usage Front Courtesy Lamps Relay Leveling Compressor Relay Logic
Fuse
Number
F24
F25
F26
F27
F28
F29
F30
F31
F32
F33
F34
F35
F36
F37
Usage
Relays
K2
K3
K4
Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Front Camera/EOCM Rear Parking Assist/ Lane Departure Warning Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used
Relays
Usage
K1
Not Used
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Wheels and Tires
Tires Every new GM vehicle has high-quality tires made by a leading tire manufacturer. See the warranty manual for information regarding the tire warranty and where to get service. For additional information refer to the tire manufacturer.
{ Warning
. Poorly maintained and
improperly used tires are dangerous.
. Overloading the tires can
cause overheating as a result of too much flexing. There could be a blowout and a serious crash. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 186.
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Warning (Continued)
Warning (Continued)
. Underinflated tires pose
. Replace any tires that
the same danger as overloaded tires. The resulting crash could cause serious injury. Check all tires frequently to maintain the recommended pressure. Tire pressure should be checked when the tires are cold.
. Overinflated tires are more likely to be cut, punctured, or broken by a sudden impact — such as when hitting a pothole. Keep tires at the recommended pressure.
. Worn or old tires can cause a crash. If the tread is badly worn, replace them.
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have been damaged by impacts with potholes, curbs, etc. Improperly repaired tires can cause a crash. Only the dealer or an authorized tire service center should repair, replace, dismount, and mount the tires.
. Do not spin the tires in
excess of 56 km/h (35 mph) on slippery surfaces such as snow, mud, ice, etc. Excessive spinning may cause the tires to explode.
See Tire Pressure for High-Speed Operation 0 286 for inflation pressure adjustment for high-speed driving.
All-Season Tires This vehicle may come with all-season tires. These tires are designed to provide good overall performance on most road surfaces and weather conditions. Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. Original equipment all-season tires can be identified by the last two characters of this TPC code, which will be “MS.” Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on snow or ice-covered roads is expected. All-season tires provide adequate performance for most winter driving conditions, but they may not offer the same level of traction or performance as winter tires on snow or ice-covered roads. See Winter Tires 0 278.
Winter Tires This vehicle was not originally equipped with winter tires. Winter tires are designed for increased
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traction on snow and ice-covered roads. Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See your dealer for details regarding winter tire availability and proper tire selection. Also, see Buying New Tires 0 293. With winter tires, there may be decreased dry road traction, increased road noise, and shorter tread life. After changing to winter tires, be alert for changes in vehicle handling and braking. If using winter tires: . Use tires of the same brand and
tread type on all four wheel positions.
. Use only radial ply tires of the
same size, load range, and speed rating as the original equipment tires.
Winter tires with the same speed rating as the original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, Y, and ZR speed rated tires. If winter
tires with a lower speed rating are chosen, never exceed the tire's maximum speed capability.
Summer Tires This vehicle may come with high performance summer tires. These tires have a special tread and compound that are optimized for maximum dry and wet road performance. This special tread and compound will have decreased performance in cold climates, and on ice and snow. It is recommended that winter tires be installed on the vehicle if frequent driving at temperatures below approximately 5 °C (40 °F) or on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See Winter Tires 0 278.
Caution
High performance summer tires have rubber compounds that lose flexibility and may develop surface cracks in the tread area at temperatures below −7 °C
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Caution (Continued)
(20 °F). Always store high performance summer tires indoors and at temperatures above −7 °C (20 °F) when not in use. If the tires have been subjected to −7 °C (20 °F) or less, let them warm up in a heated space to at least 5 °C (40 °F) for 24 hours or more before being installed or driving a vehicle on which they are installed. Do not apply heat or blow heated air directly on the tires. Always inspect tires before use. See Tire Inspection 0 291.
Tire Sidewall Labeling Useful information about a tire is molded into its sidewall. The examples show a typical passenger vehicle tire and a compact spare tire sidewall.
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GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. (3) DOT (Department of Transportation) : The Department of Transportation (DOT) code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. DOT Tire Date of Manufacture : The last four digits of the TIN indicate the tire manufactured date. The first two digits represent the week (01– 52) and the last two digits, the year. For example, the third week of the year 2010 would have a four-digit DOT date of 0310. (4) Tire Identification Number (TIN) : The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the
manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (5) Tire Ply Material : The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (6) Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) : Tire manufacturers are required to grade tires based on three performance factors: treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. For more information see Uniform Tire Quality Grading 0 295. (7) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit : Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load.
Passenger (P-Metric) Tire Example (1) Tire Size : The tire size is a combination of letters and numbers used to define a particular tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. See the “Tire Size” illustration later in this section. (2) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification) : Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall.
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(6) Tire Size : A combination of letters and numbers define a tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. The letter T as the first character in the tire size means the tire is for temporary use only. (7) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification) : Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines.
(3) Tire Identification Number (TIN) : The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (4) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit : Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load. (5) Tire Inflation : The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 420 kPa (60 psi). For more information on tire pressure and inflation see Tire Pressure 0 285.
Compact Spare Tire Example (1) Tire Ply Material : The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (2) Temporary Use Only : The compact spare tire or temporary use tire should not be driven at speeds over 80 km/h (50 mph). The compact spare tire is for emergency use when a regular road tire has lost air and gone flat. If the vehicle has a compact spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire 0 311 and If a Tire Goes Flat 0 298.
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Tire Designations
Tire Size The following is an example of a typical passenger vehicle tire size.
(1) Passenger (P-Metric) Tire : The United States version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P as the first character in the tire size means a passenger vehicle tire engineered to standards set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (2) Tire Width : The three-digit number indicates the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall.
(3) Aspect Ratio : A two-digit number that indicates the tire height-to-width measurements. For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 60, as shown in item 3 of the illustration, it would mean that the tire's sidewall is 60 percent as high as it is wide. (4) Construction Code : A letter code is used to indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The letter R means radial ply construction; the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter B means belted-bias ply construction. (5) Rim Diameter : Diameter of the wheel in inches. (6) Service Description : These characters represent the load index and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carrying capacity a tire is certified to carry. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load.
Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure : The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of the tire. Air pressure is expressed in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch). Accessory Weight : The combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are automatic transmission, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio : The relationship of a tire's height to its width. Belt : A rubber coated layer of cords between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials.
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Bead : The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire : A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure : The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch) before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Tire Pressure 0 285. Curb Weight : The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo. DOT Markings : A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT) Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production. GVWR : Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 186. GAWR FRT : Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 186. GAWR RR : Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 186. Intended Outboard Sidewall : The side of an asymmetrical tire that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa) : The metric unit for air pressure.
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Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire : A
tire used on light duty trucks and
some multipurpose passenger
vehicles.
Load Index : An assigned
number ranging from 1 to 279
that corresponds to the load
carrying capacity of a tire.
Maximum Inflation Pressure :
The maximum air pressure to
which a cold tire can be inflated.
The maximum air pressure is
molded onto the sidewall.
Maximum Load Rating : The
load rating for a tire at the
maximum permissible inflation
pressure for that tire.
Maximum Loaded Vehicle
Weight : The sum of curb
weight, accessory weight,
vehicle capacity weight, and
production options weight.
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Normal Occupant Weight : The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb). See Vehicle Load Limits 0 186. Occupant Distribution : Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall : The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire. Passenger (P-Metric) Tire : A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles. Recommended Inflation Pressure : Vehicle manufacturer's recommended
tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Tire Pressure 0 285 and Vehicle Load Limits 0 186. Radial Ply Tire : A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Rim : A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated. Sidewall : The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating : An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate. Traction : The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided. Tread : The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road.
Treadwear Indicators : Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread of a tire when only 1.6 mm (1/ 16 in) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires 0 292. UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards) : A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire's traction, temperature, and